Role of Topical Tranexamic Acid in Total Hip Arthroplasty

Summary

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a procedure associated with perioperative blood loss, requiring blood transfusions in some patients. The major cause of this blood loss is due to surgical trauma that induces the clotting cascade and fibrinolysis. Several previous studies and meta-analyses have shown that tranexamic acid is an effective antifibrinolytic agent that reduces blood loss in a variety of situations. Tranexamic acid given in an intravenous form has been extensively studied and shown to be efficacious in cardiothoracic, spine surgical procedures as well as total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and THA. Similarly, topical tranexamic acid has been associated with decreased blood loss in cardiac surgeries as well. Recently, results from a prospective randomized study on the topical use of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty found it to be effective for reducing postoperative blood loss. Taking all of the above into consideration we have proposed a study to evaluate effects of topical application of tranexamic acid on postoperative blood loss and blood transfusion on patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the topical application of tranexamic acid on blood loss in patients undergoing a primary unilateral total hip arthroplasty.

Timeline

Start

2011-11

Primary completion

2016-10

Completion

2016-10

Publications

• Background Tsutsumimoto T, Shimogata M, Ohta H, Yui M, Yoda I, Misawa H. Tranexamic acid reduces perioperative blood loss in cervical laminoplasty: a prospective randomized study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Nov 1;36(23):1913-8. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181fb3a42.
• Background Elwatidy S, Jamjoom Z, Elgamal E, Zakaria A, Turkistani A, El-Dawlatly A. Efficacy and safety of prophylactic large dose of tranexamic acid in spine surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 Nov 15;33(24):2577-80. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318188b9c5.
• Background Bednar DA, Bednar VA, Chaudhary A, Farrokhyar F. Tranexamic acid for hemostasis in the surgical treatment of metastatic tumors of the spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 Apr 15;31(8):954-7. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000209304.76581.c5.
• Background Eubanks JD. Antifibrinolytics in major orthopaedic surgery. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2010 Mar;18(3):132-8.
• Background Charoencholvanich K, Siriwattanasakul P. Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss and blood transfusion after TKA: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2011 Oct;469(10):2874-80. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-1874-2. Epub 2011 Apr 22.
• Background Ishida K, Tsumura N, Kitagawa A, Hamamura S, Fukuda K, Dogaki Y, Kubo S, Matsumoto T, Matsushita T, Chin T, Iguchi T, Kurosaka M, Kuroda R. Intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid reduces not only blood loss but also knee joint swelling after total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop. 2011 Nov;35(11):1639-45. doi: 10.1007/s00264-010-1205-3. Epub 2011 Jan 21.
• Background Johansson T, Pettersson LG, Lisander B. Tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty saves blood and money: a randomized, double-blind study in 100 patients. Acta Orthop. 2005 Jun;76(3):314-9.
• Background Molloy DO, Archbold HA, Ogonda L, McConway J, Wilson RK, Beverland DE. Comparison of topical fibrin spray and tranexamic acid on blood loss after total knee replacement: a prospective, randomised controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2007 Mar;89(3):306-9. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.89B3.17565.
• Background Niskanen RO, Korkala OL. Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in cemented hip arthroplasty: a randomized, double-blind study of 39 patients with osteoarthritis. Acta Orthop. 2005 Dec;76(6):829-32. doi: 10.1080/17453670510045444.
• Background Rajesparan K, Biant LC, Ahmad M, Field RE. The effect of an intravenous bolus of tranexamic acid on blood loss in total hip replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2009 Jun;91(6):776-83. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.91B6.22393.
• Background Abrishami A, Chung F, Wong J. Topical application of antifibrinolytic drugs for on-pump cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Anaesth. 2009 Mar;56(3):202-12. doi: 10.1007/s12630-008-9038-x. Epub 2009 Feb 12.
• Background Abul-Azm A, Abdullah KM. Effect of topical tranexamic acid in open heart surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2006 May;23(5):380-4. doi: 10.1017/S0265021505001894. Epub 2006 Jan 27.
• Background De Bonis M, Cavaliere F, Alessandrini F, Lapenna E, Santarelli F, Moscato U, Schiavello R, Possati GF. Topical use of tranexamic acid in coronary artery bypass operations: a double-blind, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2000 Mar;119(3):575-80. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5223(00)70139-5.
• Background Fawzy H, Elmistekawy E, Bonneau D, Latter D, Errett L. Can local application of Tranexamic acid reduce post-coronary bypass surgery blood loss? A randomized controlled trial. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2009 Jun 18;4:25. doi: 10.1186/1749-8090-4-25.
• Background Hanif M, Nourei SM, Dunning J. Does the use of topical tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery reduce the incidence of post-operative mediastinal bleeding? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2004 Dec;3(4):603-5. doi: 10.1016/j.icvts.2004.07.005.
• Background Wong J, Abrishami A, El Beheiry H, Mahomed NN, Roderick Davey J, Gandhi R, Syed KA, Muhammad Ovais Hasan S, De Silva Y, Chung F. Topical application of tranexamic acid reduces postoperative blood loss in total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Nov 3;92(15):2503-13. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01518.
• Background Sukeik M, Alshryda S, Haddad FS, Mason JM. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of tranexamic acid in total hip replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2011 Jan;93(1):39-46. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.93B1.24984.
• Background Zufferey P, Merquiol F, Laporte S, Decousus H, Mismetti P, Auboyer C, Samama CM, Molliex S. Do antifibrinolytics reduce allogeneic blood transfusion in orthopedic surgery? Anesthesiology. 2006 Nov;105(5):1034-46. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200611000-00026.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.