Pharmacokinetics of Bolus Versus Continuous Cefazolin Infusion in Patients Undergoing Major Surgery

Summary

Abstract The administration of an antibiotic preoperatively is an important intervention that helps to reduce the risk of post-operative health-care associated infections (HCAI). These include urinary tract, surgical site and blood stream infection. Based on the current Surgical Infection Prevention Project, (SCIP) recommendations, the choice of the antibiotic is based on the nature and site of the surgery and the presence of a β-lactam allergy (Table 1). Currently, the antibiotic treatment for preventing surgical infections is administered as a single bolus an hour before surgery, and every four hours after the initial dose. This presents a concentration profile that has a high concentration after the bolus, but decays as the kidneys remove the antibiotics. In this present study, investigators would like to compare this traditional method of delivery to a constant infusion model that would sustain a constant level of antibiotics that is defined by the difference between the rate of infusion and rate of clearance.

Timeline

Start

2014-11

Primary completion

2016-06

Completion

2016-06

Publications

• Background Suffoletta TJ, Jennings HR, Oh JJ, Stephens D, Poe KL. Continuous versus intermittent infusion of prophylactic cefoxitin after colorectal surgery: a pilot study. Pharmacotherapy. 2008 Sep;28(9):1133-9. doi: 10.1592/phco.28.9.1133.
• Background Toma O, Suntrup P, Stefanescu A, London A, Mutch M, Kharasch E. Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of cefoxitin in obesity: implications for risk of surgical site infection. Anesth Analg. 2011 Oct;113(4):730-7. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31821fff74. Epub 2011 Jun 3.
• Background Isla A, Troconiz IF, de Tejada IL, Vazquez S, Canut A, Lopez JM, Solinis MA, Rodriguez Gascon A. Population pharmacokinetics of prophylactic cefoxitin in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 May;68(5):735-45. doi: 10.1007/s00228-011-1206-1. Epub 2012 Jan 15.
• Background Bratzler DW, Hunt DR. The surgical infection prevention and surgical care improvement projects: national initiatives to improve outcomes for patients having surgery. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Aug 1;43(3):322-30. doi: 10.1086/505220. Epub 2006 Jun 16.
• Naik BI, Roger C, Ikeda K, Todorovic MS, Wallis SC, Lipman J, Roberts JA. Comparative total and unbound pharmacokinetics of cefazolin administered by bolus versus continuous infusion in patients undergoing major surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Anaesth. 2017 Jun 1;118(6):876-882. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex026.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.