Impact of Energy Drinks on the Manual Dexterity of Final Year Dental Students

Summary

This study aims to test the hypothesis that there was a relationship between the consumption of energy drinks and the manual dexterity skills of final year dental students. Identification of baseline caffeine consumption and selection of sample Baseline caffeine consumption will be identified by distributing the caffeine consumption questionnaire to all the final year students of the Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy. The study will recruit 60 students who are moderate caffeine consumers. To avoid the confounding effect of nicotine consumption, the study will only recruit non-smokers .female candidates taken oral contraceptives and Subjects with any history of renal disease will be excluded. All subjects will be required to prepare a box 2mmx2mmx2mm using a high speed handpiece (NSK, Japan) and a no.330 cutting bur. Each participant will be allowed two attempts to cut the cavity in each test both cavities will be selected for assessment. The ability of the participants to reproduce the dimensions (2mmx2mmx2mm) and the time taken to complete the task will be used as criteria to evaluate dexterity. The participants will be required to perform the test before and 30 minutes after energy drink exposure. Energy Drink Exposure Subjects will be given 330ml of an energy three hours after the last meal in the other hand the control group will be receiving a placebo drink . Dexterity outcomes will be compared before and after exposure to the energy drink using the paired t test. Outcomes will be compared between different groups and different time intervals using the two way, multiple measures ANOVA. All data will be analyzed using the SPSS ver.21 data processing software.

Timeline

Start

2014-09

Primary completion

2014-12

Completion

2015-07

Publications

• Background Almalak H, Albluwi AI, Alkhelb DA, Alsaleh HM, Khan TM, Hassali MA, Aljadhey H. Students' attitude toward use of over the counter medicines during exams in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J. 2014 Apr;22(2):107-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.02.004. Epub 2013 Mar 21.
• Background Alsunni AA, Badar A. Energy drinks consumption pattern, perceived benefits and associated adverse effects amongst students of University of Dammam, Saudi Arabia. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2011 Jul-Sep;23(3):3-9.
• Background Arai YC, Kandatsu N, Ito H, Sato Y, Satake Y, Mizutani M, Ushida T, Komatsu T. Induction and emergence behavior of children undergoing general anesthesia correlates with maternal salivary amylase activity before the anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2008 Feb;52(2):285-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01527.x. Epub 2007 Nov 14.
• Background Arria AM, Bugbee BA, Caldeira KM, Vincent KB. Evidence and knowledge gaps for the association between energy drink use and high-risk behaviors among adolescents and young adults. Nutr Rev. 2014 Oct;72 Suppl 1(0 1):87-97. doi: 10.1111/nure.12129.
• Background Azagba S, Langille D, Asbridge M. An emerging adolescent health risk: caffeinated energy drink consumption patterns among high school students. Prev Med. 2014 May;62:54-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.01.019. Epub 2014 Feb 4.
• Background GOLDBERG AA, JEFFERIES HS. Potentiation of insulin hypoglycaemia by nicotinyl taurine (beta-nicotinamidoethanesulphonic acid). Q J Pharm Pharmacol. 1946 Jan-Mar;19:48-53. No abstract available.
• Background Pai KM, Kamath A, Goel V. Effect of Red Bull energy drink on muscle performance: an electromyographic overview. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2015 Dec;55(12):1459-65. Epub 2014 Oct 21.
• Background Spierer DK, Blanding N, Santella A. Energy drink consumption and associated health behaviors among university students in an urban setting. J Community Health. 2014 Feb;39(1):132-8. doi: 10.1007/s10900-013-9749-y.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.