Aquamin and Prevention of Colon Cancer

Summary

In the proposed study, investigators will conduct a 90-day dietary intervention study in human subjects. Thirty individuals at risk for adenomatous colon polyp formation will be randomized to receive a calcium and multi-mineral-rich natural product (Aquamin) or a comparable level of calcium alone. There will also be a placebo group. Prior to ingesting the study agents and following the course of treatment, colonic biopsies will be obtained by sigmoidoscopy and quantitatively examined for markers of growth and differentiation. In this study, metabolomic and microbial profiles will also be generated from fecal and colon mucosal samples taken at baseline and study endpoint.

Timeline

Start

2016-04

Primary completion

2021-03

Completion

2021-03

Publications

• Background Aslam MN, Bhagavathula N, Paruchuri T, Hu X, Chakrabarty S, Varani J. Growth-inhibitory effects of a mineralized extract from the red marine algae, Lithothamnion calcareum, on Ca(2+)-sensitive and Ca(2+)-resistant human colon carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett. 2009 Oct 8;283(2):186-92. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.03.037. Epub 2009 Apr 24.
• Background Aslam MN, Paruchuri T, Bhagavathula N, Varani J. A mineral-rich red algae extract inhibits polyp formation and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract of mice on a high-fat diet. Integr Cancer Ther. 2010 Mar;9(1):93-9. doi: 10.1177/1534735409360360. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
• Background Aslam MN, Kreider JM, Paruchuri T, Bhagavathula N, DaSilva M, Zernicke RF, Goldstein SA, Varani J. A mineral-rich extract from the red marine algae Lithothamnion calcareum preserves bone structure and function in female mice on a Western-style diet. Calcif Tissue Int. 2010 Apr;86(4):313-24. doi: 10.1007/s00223-010-9340-9. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
• Background Aslam MN, Bergin I, Naik M, Hampton A, Allen R, Kunkel SL, Rush H, Varani J. A multi-mineral natural product inhibits liver tumor formation in C57BL/6 mice. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012 Jun;147(1-3):267-74. doi: 10.1007/s12011-011-9316-2. Epub 2012 Jan 6.
• Background Attili D, Jenkins B, Aslam MN, Dame MK, Varani J. Growth control in colon epithelial cells: gadolinium enhances calcium-mediated growth regulation. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012 Dec;150(1-3):467-76. doi: 10.1007/s12011-012-9503-9. Epub 2012 Sep 19.
• Background Aslam MN, Bergin I, Naik M, Paruchuri T, Hampton A, Rehman M, Dame MK, Rush H, Varani J. A multimineral natural product from red marine algae reduces colon polyp formation in C57BL/6 mice. Nutr Cancer. 2012;64(7):1020-8. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2012.713160. Epub 2012 Oct 4.
• Background Aslam MN, Bergin I, Jepsen K, Kreider JM, Graf KH, Naik M, Goldstein SA, Varani J. Preservation of bone structure and function by Lithothamnion sp. derived minerals. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2013 Dec;156(1-3):210-20. doi: 10.1007/s12011-013-9820-7. Epub 2013 Oct 6.
• Background Dame MK, Jiang Y, Appelman HD, Copley KD, McClintock SD, Aslam MN, Attili D, Elmunzer BJ, Brenner DE, Varani J, Turgeon DK. Human colonic crypts in culture: segregation of immunochemical markers in normal versus adenoma-derived. Lab Invest. 2014 Feb;94(2):222-34. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2013.145. Epub 2013 Dec 23.
• Background Singh N, Aslam MN, Varani J, Chakrabarty S. Induction of calcium sensing receptor in human colon cancer cells by calcium, vitamin D and aquamin: Promotion of a more differentiated, less malignant and indolent phenotype. Mol Carcinog. 2015 Jul;54(7):543-53. doi: 10.1002/mc.22123. Epub 2013 Dec 17.
• Background Varani J. Calcium, calcium-sensing receptor and growth control in the colonic mucosa. Histol Histopathol. 2011 Jun;26(6):769-79. doi: 10.14670/HH-26.769.
• Background Chakrabarty S, Radjendirane V, Appelman H, Varani J. Extracellular calcium and calcium sensing receptor function in human colon carcinomas: promotion of E-cadherin expression and suppression of beta-catenin/TCF activation. Cancer Res. 2003 Jan 1;63(1):67-71.
• Background Chakrabarty S, Wang H, Canaff L, Hendy GN, Appelman H, Varani J. Calcium sensing receptor in human colon carcinoma: interaction with Ca(2+) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Cancer Res. 2005 Jan 15;65(2):493-8.
• Background Bhagavathula N, Hanosh AW, Nerusu KC, Appelman H, Chakrabarty S, Varani J. Regulation of E-cadherin and beta-catenin by Ca2+ in colon carcinoma is dependent on calcium-sensing receptor expression and function. Int J Cancer. 2007 Oct 1;121(7):1455-62. doi: 10.1002/ijc.22858.
• Background Aslam MN, Jepsen KJ, Khoury B, Graf KH, Varani J. Bone structure and function in male C57BL/6 mice: Effects of a high-fat Western-style diet with or without trace minerals. Bone Rep. 2016 Dec;5:141-149. doi: 10.1016/j.bonr.2016.05.002.
• Background Aslam MN, Bassis CM, Zhang L, Zaidi S, Varani J, Bergin IL. Correction: Calcium Reduces Liver Injury in Mice on a High-Fat Diet: Alterations in Microbial and Bile Acid Profiles. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 9;12(1):e0170136. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170136. eCollection 2017.
• Background Aslam MN, Varani J: The Western-Style Diet, Calcium Deficiency and Chronic Disease Journal of Nutrition & Food Science 6(3): 496, 2016.
• Background McClintock SD, Colacino JA, Attili D, Dame MK, Richter A, Reddy AR, Basrur V, Rizvi AH, Turgeon DK, Varani J, Aslam MN. Calcium-Induced Differentiation of Human Colon Adenomas in Colonoid Culture: Calcium Alone versus Calcium with Additional Trace Elements. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2018 Jul;11(7):413-428. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-17-0308. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
• Background Attili D, McClintock SD, Rizvi AH, Pandya S, Rehman H, Nadeem DM, Richter A, Thomas D, Dame MK, Turgeon DK, Varani J, Aslam MN. Calcium-induced differentiation in normal human colonoid cultures: Cell-cell / cell-matrix adhesion, barrier formation and tissue integrity. PLoS One. 2019 Apr 17;14(4):e0215122. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215122. eCollection 2019.
• Background McClintock SD, Attili D, Dame MK, Richter A, Silvestri SS, Berner MM, Bohm MS, Karpoff K, McCarthy CL, Spence JR, Varani J, Aslam MN. Differentiation of human colon tissue in culture: Effects of calcium on trans-epithelial electrical resistance and tissue cohesive properties. PLoS One. 2020 Mar 5;15(3):e0222058. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222058. eCollection 2020.
• Results Aslam MN, Bassis CM, Bergin IL, Knuver K, Zick SM, Sen A, Turgeon DK, Varani J. A Calcium-Rich Multimineral Intervention to Modulate Colonic Microbial Communities and Metabolomic Profiles in Humans: Results from a 90-Day Trial. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2020 Jan;13(1):101-116. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0325. Epub 2019 Nov 26.
• Results Aslam MN, McClintock SD, Jawad-Makki MAH, Knuver K, Ahmad HM, Basrur V, Bergin IL, Zick SM, Sen A, Turgeon DK, Varani J. A Multi-Mineral Intervention to Modulate Colonic Mucosal Protein Profile: Results from a 90-Day Trial in Human Subjects. Nutrients. 2021 Mar 14;13(3):939. doi: 10.3390/nu13030939.

Drugs

Indications