Nepal Undifferentiated Febrile Illness Trial

Summary

The purpose of the study is to determine whether azithromycin or cotrimoxazole is the best empirical treatment for undifferentiated febrile illness in Nepal

Timeline

Start

2016-05-23

Primary completion

2019-08-04

Completion

2019-08-04

Publications

• Background Crump JA, Kirk MD. Estimating the Burden of Febrile Illnesses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Dec 3;9(12):e0004040. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004040. eCollection 2015 Dec. No abstract available.
• Background Zimmerman MD, Murdoch DR, Rozmajzl PJ, Basnyat B, Woods CW, Richards AL, Belbase RH, Hammer DA, Anderson TP, Reller LB. Murine typhus and febrile illness, Nepal. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Oct;14(10):1656-9. doi: 10.3201/eid1410.080236.
• Background Thompson CN, Blacksell SD, Paris DH, Arjyal A, Karkey A, Dongol S, Giri A, Dolecek C, Day N, Baker S, Thwaites G, Farrar J, Basnyat B. Undifferentiated febrile illness in Kathmandu, Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Apr;92(4):875-878. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0709. Epub 2015 Feb 9.
• Background Koirala S, Basnyat B, Arjyal A, Shilpakar O, Shrestha K, Shrestha R, Shrestha UM, Agrawal K, Koirala KD, Thapa SD, Karkey A, Dongol S, Giri A, Shakya M, Pathak KR, Campbell J, Baker S, Farrar J, Wolbers M, Dolecek C. Gatifloxacin versus ofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever in Nepal: an open-label, randomized, controlled trial. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 Oct 31;7(10):e2523. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002523. eCollection 2013.
• Background Arjyal A , Basnyat B, Nhan HT, Koirala S, Giri A, Joshi N, et al. A randomised controlled trial of gatifloxacin versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever in Nepal. Submitted. 2015;3099(15):1-11
• Background Dolecek C, Tran TP, Nguyen NR, Le TP, Ha V, Phung QT, Doan CD, Nguyen TB, Duong TL, Luong BH, Nguyen TB, Nguyen TA, Pham ND, Mai NL, Phan VB, Vo AH, Nguyen VM, Tran TT, Tran TC, Schultsz C, Dunstan SJ, Stepniewska K, Campbell JI, To SD, Basnyat B, Nguyen VV, Nguyen VS, Nguyen TC, Tran TH, Farrar J. A multi-center randomised controlled trial of gatifloxacin versus azithromycin for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in children and adults in Vietnam. PLoS One. 2008 May 21;3(5):e2188. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002188.
• Background Parry CM, Ho VA, Phuong le T, Bay PV, Lanh MN, Tung le T, Tham NT, Wain J, Hien TT, Farrar JJ. Randomized controlled comparison of ofloxacin, azithromycin, and an ofloxacin-azithromycin combination for treatment of multidrug-resistant and nalidixic acid-resistant typhoid fever. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Mar;51(3):819-25. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00447-06. Epub 2006 Dec 4.
• Background Chinh NT, Parry CM, Ly NT, Ha HD, Thong MX, Diep TS, Wain J, White NJ, Farrar JJ. A randomized controlled comparison of azithromycin and ofloxacin for treatment of multidrug-resistant or nalidixic acid-resistant enteric fever. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jul;44(7):1855-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.44.7.1855-1859.2000.
• Background Chand HJ, Rijal KR, Neupane B, Sharma VK, Jha B. Re-emergence of susceptibility to conventional first line drugs in Salmonella isolates from enteric fever patients in Nepal. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014 Nov 13;8(11):1483-7. doi: 10.3855/jidc.4228.
• Background Pandit A, Arjyal A, Day JN, Paudyal B, Dangol S, Zimmerman MD, Yadav B, Stepniewska K, Campbell JI, Dolecek C, Farrar JJ, Basnyat B. An open randomized comparison of gatifloxacin versus cefixime for the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever. PLoS One. 2007 Jun 27;2(6):e542. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000542.
• Background Arjyal A, Basnyat B, Koirala S, Karkey A, Dongol S, Agrawaal KK, Shakya N, Shrestha K, Sharma M, Lama S, Shrestha K, Khatri NS, Shrestha U, Campbell JI, Baker S, Farrar J, Wolbers M, Dolecek C. Gatifloxacin versus chloramphenicol for uncomplicated enteric fever: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011 Jun;11(6):445-54. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70089-5. Epub 2011 Apr 29.
• Giri A, Karkey A, Dangol S, Arjyal A, Pokharel S, Rijal S, Gajurel D, Sharma R, Lamsal K, Shrestha P, Prajapati G, Pathak S, Shrestha SR, K C RK, Pandey S, Thapa A, Shrestha N, Thapa RK, Poudyal B, Phuong DNT, Baker S, Kestelyn E, Geskus R, Thwaites G, Basnyat B. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole Versus Azithromycin for the Treatment of Undifferentiated Febrile Illness in Nepal: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 5;73(7):e1478-e1486. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1489.
• Pokharel S, Basnyat B, Arjyal A, Mahat SP, Kc RK, Bhuju A, Poudyal B, Kestelyn E, Shrestha R, Phuong DNT, Thapa R, Karki M, Dongol S, Karkey A, Wolbers M, Baker S, Thwaites G. Co-trimoxazole versus azithromycin for the treatment of undifferentiated febrile illness in Nepal: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2017 Oct 2;18(1):450. doi: 10.1186/s13063-017-2199-6.

Drugs

Indications