Reducing Bacteria That Cause Tooth Decay

Summary

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of a two-step mouth rinsing procedure on reducing the germs (mutans Streptococci) that cause tooth decay. We hope that the two-step mouth rinse (0.3% NaOCl followed by 10% Povidone Iodine) decreases the tooth causing germs better than the one-step mouth rinse (10% Povidone Iodine). The mouth rinse for both treatment groups is done only once at the beginning of the study after the initial saliva samples are taken, and before a detailed examination of the teeth and gums. It is hypothesized that the treatment group receiving the NaOCl and Povidone iodine will have significantly lower microbial counts than the control group (Povidone iodine) because the NaOCl will disrupt the microbial biofilm and make the Povidone iodine more effective in decreasing the microbes in the biofilm. Microbial counts are made from Salivary samples taken from participants at baseline, one week, one month, two months and three months. The samples are tested by two commercial methods for determining microbial counts. The CariScreen Test is a rapid bioluminescence assay that quantitates the total number of all of the organisms present. The CRT test requires a culture media that is specific for the two germs (S. mutans and Lactobacillus) strongly associated with tooth decay. The results of the CRT Test are read after three days of incubation.

Timeline

Start

2011-05-21

Primary completion

2012-02-11

Completion

2012-02-17

Publications

• Background Brailsford SR, Byren RW, Beighton D. Evaluation of new dip slide test for the quantification of mutans streptococci from saliva. Bericht 1998.
• Background Caufield PW, Gibbons RJ. Suppression of Streptococcus mutans in the mouths of humans by a dental prophylaxis and topically-applied iodine. J Dent Res. 1979 Apr;58(4):1317-26. doi: 10.1177/00220345790580040301.
• Background DenBesten P, Berkowitz R. Early childhood caries: an overview with reference to our experience in California. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2003 Feb;31(2):139-43.
• Background Dye BA, Tan S, Smith V, Lewis BG, Barker LK, Thornton-Evans G, Eke PI, Beltran-Aguilar ED, Horowitz AM, Li CH. Trends in oral health status: United States, 1988-1994 and 1999-2004. Vital Health Stat 11. 2007 Apr;(248):1-92.
• Background Featherstone JD, Adair SM, Anderson MH, Berkowitz RJ, Bird WF, Crall JJ, Den Besten PK, Donly KJ, Glassman P, Milgrom P, Roth JR, Snow R, Stewart RE. Caries management by risk assessment: consensus statement, April 2002. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2003 Mar;31(3):257-69. No abstract available.
• Background Hallett KB, O'Rourke PK. Oral Biofilm activity, culture testing and caries experience in school children. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 2009;19(Suppl. 2):4.
• Background Lenox JA, Kopczyk RA. A clinical system for scoring a patient's oral hygiene performance. J Am Dent Assoc. 1973 Apr;86(4):849-52. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1973.0178. No abstract available.
• Background Matsumoto Y, Sugihara N, Koseki M, Maki Y. A rapid and quantitative detection system for Streptococcus mutans in saliva using monoclonal antibodies. Caries Res. 2006;40(1):15-9. doi: 10.1159/000088900.
• Background Pellegrini P, Sauerwein R, Finlayson T, McLeod J, Covell DA Jr, Maier T, Machida CA. Plaque retention by self-ligating vs elastomeric orthodontic brackets: quantitative comparison of oral bacteria and detection with adenosine triphosphate-driven bioluminescence. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 Apr;135(4):426.e1-9; discussion 426-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.12.002.
• Background Slots J, Jorgensen MG. Effective, safe, practical and affordable periodontal antimicrobial therapy: where are we going, and are we there yet? Periodontol 2000. 2002;28:298-312. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0757.2002.2801123.x.
• Background Takahashi N, Nyvad B. Caries ecology revisited: microbial dynamics and the caries process. Caries Res. 2008;42(6):409-18. doi: 10.1159/000159604. Epub 2008 Oct 3.

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