Propofol and Dexmedetomidine Versus a Propofol Only Regimen for Sedation During Colonoscopy

Summary

An ideal sedative for colonoscopy should have properties that include: rapid onset and offset of action, provide cardiopulmonary stability, have minimal adverse effects, and allow for smooth recovery, and early discharge. Propofol is often used solely because of its rapid onset and short duration of action---a property which is ideal for a fast recovery and early discharge in the ambulatory setting. However, the use of propofol has been associated with undesirable effects such as hypotension, hypoventilation and apnea requiring assisted ventilation. Balanced anesthesia, using a combination of medications with different mechanisms of action can reduce the total amount of each sedative agent used and minimize their side effects while achieving the desired level of sedation. Dexmedetomidine is one agent that has been used either alone or in combination with propofol for sedation during colonoscopy. While there are many advantages to using dexmedetomidine, there is concern that the use of this agent for sedation during colonoscopy may prolong post-operative recovery time and readiness for discharge home. No study has definitively assessed whether the use of dexmedetomidine in combination with propofol during ambulatory colonoscopy prolongs post-operative recovery time as determined by the Modified Post Anesthesia Discharge Scoring System (MPADSS).

Timeline

Start

2017-05-05

Primary completion

2018-05-04

Completion

2018-07-19

Publications

• Background Vicari JJ. Sedation and analgesia. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2002 Apr;12(2):297-311, viii. doi: 10.1016/s1052-5157(01)00011-3.
• Background Faigel DO, Baron TH, Goldstein JL, Hirota WK, Jacobson BC, Johanson JF, Leighton JA, Mallery JS, Peterson KA, Waring JP, Fanelli RD, Wheeler-Harbaugh J; Standards Practice Committe, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Guidelines for the use of deep sedation and anesthesia for GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002 Nov;56(5):613-7. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(02)70104-1. No abstract available.
• Background Waring JP, Baron TH, Hirota WK, Goldstein JL, Jacobson BC, Leighton JA, Mallery JS, Faigel DO; American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Standards of Practice Committee. Guidelines for conscious sedation and monitoring during gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003 Sep;58(3):317-22. doi: 10.1067/s0016-5107(03)00001-4.
• Background Akarsu Ayazoglu T, Polat E, Bolat C, Yasar NF, Duman U, Akbulut S, Yol S. Comparison of propofol-based sedation regimens administered during colonoscopy. Rev Med Chil. 2013 Apr;141(4):477-85. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872013000400009.
• Background Tuncali B, Pekcan YO, Celebi A, Zeyneloglu P. Addition of low-dose ketamine to midazolam-fentanyl-propofol-based sedation for colonoscopy: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. J Clin Anesth. 2015 Jun;27(4):301-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2015.03.017. Epub 2015 Mar 20.
• Background Kamibayashi T, Maze M. Clinical uses of alpha2 -adrenergic agonists. Anesthesiology. 2000 Nov;93(5):1345-9. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200011000-00030. No abstract available.
• Background Taittonen MT, Kirvela OA, Aantaa R, Kanto JH. Effect of clonidine and dexmedetomidine premedication on perioperative oxygen consumption and haemodynamic state. Br J Anaesth. 1997 Apr;78(4):400-6. doi: 10.1093/bja/78.4.400.
• Background Arain SR, Ebert TJ. The efficacy, side effects, and recovery characteristics of dexmedetomidine versus propofol when used for intraoperative sedation. Anesth Analg. 2002 Aug;95(2):461-6, table of contents. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200208000-00042.
• Background Jalowiecki P, Rudner R, Gonciarz M, Kawecki P, Petelenz M, Dziurdzik P. Sole use of dexmedetomidine has limited utility for conscious sedation during outpatient colonoscopy. Anesthesiology. 2005 Aug;103(2):269-73. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200508000-00009.
• Background Dere K, Sucullu I, Budak ET, Yeyen S, Filiz AI, Ozkan S, Dagli G. A comparison of dexmedetomidine versus midazolam for sedation, pain and hemodynamic control, during colonoscopy under conscious sedation. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2010 Jul;27(7):648-52. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0b013e3283347bfe.
• Background Palumbo P, Tellan G, Perotti B, Pacile MA, Vietri F, Illuminati G. Modified PADSS (Post Anaesthetic Discharge Scoring System) for monitoring outpatients discharge. Ann Ital Chir. 2013 Nov-Dec;84(6):661-5.
• Background Aldrete JA, Kroulik D. A postanesthetic recovery score. Anesth Analg. 1970 Nov-Dec;49(6):924-34. No abstract available.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.