ZIMBA: Clinical Trial in Paediatric Obesity

Summary

Myoinositol (MI) and D-chiro inositol (DCI) are isomeric forms of inositol that were found to have insulin-like properties, acting as second messengers in the insulin intracellular pathway; both of these molecules are involved in the increasing insulin sensitivity of different tissues to improve metabolic and ovulatory functions. Myoinositol is the predominant form that can be found in nature and food. Inositol has been mainly used as a supplement in treating several pathologies such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes (GDM). In the case of GDM, a condition defined as a glucose impairment first detected in pregnancy, a preventive role of inositol for GDM onset was recognized. In addition, inositol has been studied as a therapeutic option for the treatment of GDM and T2DM. The main effect of inositol is decreasing the level of insulin resistance. Consequently, a potential role of inositol as a treatment option could be hypothesized for other conditions typically characterized by insulin resistance like metabolic syndrome and obesity. Zinc also plays an important role in insulin action and carbohydrate metabolism. It may also have a protective role in the prevention of atherogenesis. Several human studies have demonstrated that Zinc supplementation reduces total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, in addition to increasing the HDL cholesterol levels. Studies have shown that diabetes is accompanied by hypozincemia and high levels of Zinc in urine. In addition Zinc is also an integral part of key anti-oxidant enzymes and Zinc deficiency impairs their synthesis, resulting in increased oxidative stress. A supplementation with Myo-Inositol and Zinc could represent a valid strategy in paediatric obesity in addiction to a standard approach. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the supplementation of Myo-inositol and Zinc in the treatment of paediatric obesity.

Timeline

Start

2018-02-05

Primary completion

2023-12-31

Completion

2024-03-10

Publications

• Background Croze ML, Soulage CO. Potential role and therapeutic interests of myo-inositol in metabolic diseases. Biochimie. 2013 Oct;95(10):1811-27. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.05.011. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
• Background Larner J. D-chiro-inositol--its functional role in insulin action and its deficit in insulin resistance. Int J Exp Diabetes Res. 2002;3(1):47-60. doi: 10.1080/15604280212528.
• Background Genazzani AD, Lanzoni C, Ricchieri F, Jasonni VM. Myo-inositol administration positively affects hyperinsulinemia and hormonal parameters in overweight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2008 Mar;24(3):139-44. doi: 10.1080/09513590801893232.
• Background Muscogiuri G, Palomba S, Lagana AS, Orio F. Inositols in the Treatment of Insulin-Mediated Diseases. Int J Endocrinol. 2016;2016:3058393. doi: 10.1155/2016/3058393. Epub 2016 Sep 8.
• Background Unfer V, Nestler JE, Kamenov ZA, Prapas N, Facchinetti F. Effects of Inositol(s) in Women with PCOS: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Endocrinol. 2016;2016:1849162. doi: 10.1155/2016/1849162. Epub 2016 Oct 23.
• Background Corrado F, D'Anna R, Di Vieste G, Giordano D, Pintaudi B, Santamaria A, Di Benedetto A. The effect of myoinositol supplementation on insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes. Diabet Med. 2011 Aug;28(8):972-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03284.x.
• Background Pintaudi B, Di Vieste G, Bonomo M. The Effectiveness of Myo-Inositol and D-Chiro Inositol Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Endocrinol. 2016;2016:9132052. doi: 10.1155/2016/9132052. Epub 2016 Oct 11.
• Background Mancini M, Andreassi A, Salvioni M, Pelliccione F, Mantellassi G, Banderali G. Myoinositol and D-Chiro Inositol in Improving Insulin Resistance in Obese Male Children: Preliminary Data. Int J Endocrinol. 2016;2016:8720342. doi: 10.1155/2016/8720342. Epub 2016 Nov 1.
• Background Marreiro DN, Fisberg M, Cozzolino SM. Zinc nutritional status and its relationships with hyperinsulinemia in obese children and adolescents. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2004 Aug;100(2):137-49. doi: 10.1385/bter:100:2:137.
• Background Chausmer AB. Zinc, insulin and diabetes. J Am Coll Nutr. 1998 Apr;17(2):109-15. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1998.10718735.
• Background Garg VK, Gupta R, Goyal RK. Hypozincemia in diabetes mellitus. J Assoc Physicians India. 1994 Sep;42(9):720-1.
• Background Ranasinghe P, Pigera S, Galappatthy P, Katulanda P, Constantine GR. Zinc and diabetes mellitus: understanding molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Daru. 2015 Sep 17;23(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s40199-015-0127-4.
• Background Islam MR, Arslan I, Attia J, McEvoy M, McElduff P, Basher A, Rahman W, Peel R, Akhter A, Akter S, Vashum KP, Milton AH. Is serum zinc level associated with prediabetes and diabetes?: a cross-sectional study from Bangladesh. PLoS One. 2013 Apr 17;8(4):e61776. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061776. Print 2013.
• Background Jayawardena R, Ranasinghe P, Galappatthy P, Malkanthi R, Constantine G, Katulanda P. Effects of zinc supplementation on diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2012 Apr 19;4(1):13. doi: 10.1186/1758-5996-4-13.
• Background Ranasinghe P, Wathurapatha WS, Ishara MH, Jayawardana R, Galappatthy P, Katulanda P, Constantine GR. Effects of Zinc supplementation on serum lipids: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2015 Aug 4;12:26. doi: 10.1186/s12986-015-0023-4. eCollection 2015.
• Background Kelishadi R, Hashemipour M, Adeli K, Tavakoli N, Movahedian-Attar A, Shapouri J, Poursafa P, Rouzbahani A. Effect of zinc supplementation on markers of insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation among prepubescent children with metabolic syndrome. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2010 Dec;8(6):505-10. doi: 10.1089/met.2010.0020. Epub 2010 Oct 28.
• Background Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Ngo J, Ortega RM, Garcia A, Perez-Rodrigo C, Aranceta J. Food, youth and the Mediterranean diet in Spain. Development of KIDMED, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents. Public Health Nutr. 2004 Oct;7(7):931-5. doi: 10.1079/phn2004556.
• Background Huybrechts I, Bornhorst C, Pala V, Moreno LA, Barba G, Lissner L, Fraterman A, Veidebaum T, Hebestreit A, Sieri S, Ottevaere C, Tornaritis M, Molnar D, Ahrens W, De Henauw S; IDEFICS Consortium. Evaluation of the Children's Eating Habits Questionnaire used in the IDEFICS study by relating urinary calcium and potassium to milk consumption frequencies among European children. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011 Apr;35 Suppl 1:S69-78. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.37.
• Background Prodam F, Ricotti R, Genoni G, Parlamento S, Petri A, Balossini C, Savastio S, Bona G, Bellone S. Comparison of two classifications of metabolic syndrome in the pediatric population and the impact of cholesterol. J Endocrinol Invest. 2013 Jul-Aug;36(7):466-73. doi: 10.3275/8768. Epub 2012 Nov 27.
• Background Tanner JM. (1961). Growth at adolescence. 2 edn. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
• Background Cole TJ, Lobstein T. Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes. 2012 Aug;7(4):284-94. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x. Epub 2012 Jun 19.
• Background Società Italiana di Nutrizione Umana.(2014).Livelli di assunzione raccomandati di energia e nutrienti per la popolazione italiana (LARN). Milan, Italy: S.I.N.U.
• Background Cacciari E, Milani S, Balsamo A, Spada E, Bona G, Cavallo L, Cerutti F, Gargantini L, Greggio N, Tonini G, Cicognani A. Italian cross-sectional growth charts for height, weight and BMI (2 to 20 yr). J Endocrinol Invest. 2006 Jul-Aug;29(7):581-93. doi: 10.1007/BF03344156.
• Background Kahn SE, Prigeon RL, McCulloch DK, Boyko EJ, Bergman RN, Schwartz MW, Neifing JL, Ward WK, Beard JC, Palmer JP, et al. Quantification of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in human subjects. Evidence for a hyperbolic function. Diabetes. 1993 Nov;42(11):1663-72. doi: 10.2337/diab.42.11.1663.
• Background Hogg RJ, Furth S, Lemley KV, Portman R, Schwartz GJ, Coresh J, Balk E, Lau J, Levin A, Kausz AT, Eknoyan G, Levey AS; National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease in children and adolescents: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Pediatrics. 2003 Jun;111(6 Pt 1):1416-21. doi: 10.1542/peds.111.6.1416.
• Background Prodam F, Zanetta S, Ricotti R, Marolda A, Giglione E, Monzani A, Walker GE, Rampone S, Castagno M, Bellone S, Petri A, Aimaretti G, Bona G. Influence of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Association between 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Obesity. J Pediatr. 2016 Apr;171:83-9.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.12.032. Epub 2016 Jan 12.
• Background Prodam F, Savastio S, Genoni G, Babu D, Giordano M, Ricotti R, Aimaretti G, Bona G, Bellone S. Effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy withdrawal on glucose metabolism in not confirmed GH deficient adolescents at final height. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 30;9(1):e87157. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087157. eCollection 2014.
• Background Cook S, Weitzman M, Auinger P, Nguyen M, Dietz WH. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003 Aug;157(8):821-7. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.157.8.821.
• Background de Ferranti SD, Gauvreau K, Ludwig DS, Neufeld EJ, Newburger JW, Rifai N. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation. 2004 Oct 19;110(16):2494-7. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000145117.40114.C7. Epub 2004 Oct 11.
• Background Cruz ML, Goran MI. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Curr Diab Rep. 2004 Feb;4(1):53-62. doi: 10.1007/s11892-004-0012-x.

Drugs

Indications