IN Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Sedation in Pediatric Closed Reductions for Distal Forearm Fractures

Summary

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the sedative, and analgesic effects of intranasal (IN) Dexmedetomidine (DEX) in children presenting to a Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) who undergo conscious sedation for reduction of closed distal forearm fractures when compared to those receiving intravenous (IV) Ketamine. The secondary objective is to compare each sedation technique for safety and procedural outcomes.

Timeline

Start

2017-01-01

Primary completion

2020-01-01

Completion

2020-03-01

Publications

• Results Landin LA. Epidemiology of children's fractures. J Pediatr Orthop B. 1997 Apr;6(2):79-83. doi: 10.1097/01202412-199704000-00002.
• Results Gausche-Hill M, Brown KM, Oliver ZJ, Sasson C, Dayan PS, Eschmann NM, Weik TS, Lawner BJ, Sahni R, Falck-Ytter Y, Wright JL, Todd K, Lang ES. An Evidence-based Guideline for prehospital analgesia in trauma. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2014;18 Suppl 1:25-34. doi: 10.3109/10903127.2013.844873. Epub 2013 Nov 26.
• Results Borland M, Jacobs I, King B, O'Brien D. A randomized controlled trial comparing intranasal fentanyl to intravenous morphine for managing acute pain in children in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 Mar;49(3):335-40. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.06.016. Epub 2006 Oct 25.
• Results Litke J, Pikulska A, Wegner T. Management of perioperative stress in children and parents. Part I--the preoperative period. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther. 2012 Jul-Sep;44(3):165-9.
• Results Bhat R, Santhosh MC, Annigeri VM, Rao RP. Comparison of intranasal dexmedetomidine and dexmedetomidine-ketamine for premedication in pediatrics patients: A randomized double-blind study. Anesth Essays Res. 2016 May-Aug;10(2):349-55. doi: 10.4103/0259-1162.172340.
• Results Miller K, Tan X, Hobson AD, Khan A, Ziviani J, O'Brien E, Barua K, McBride CA, Kimble RM. A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of Nonpharmacological Pain Management During Intravenous Cannulation in a Pediatric Emergency Department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2016 Jul;32(7):444-51. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000778.
• Results Fowler-Kerry S, Lander JR. Management of injection pain in children. Pain. 1987 Aug;30(2):169-175. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(87)91072-4.
• Results Kogan A, Katz J, Efrat R, Eidelman LA. Premedication with midazolam in young children: a comparison of four routes of administration. Paediatr Anaesth. 2002 Oct;12(8):685-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00918.x.
• Results Iirola T, Vilo S, Manner T, Aantaa R, Lahtinen M, Scheinin M, Olkkola KT. Bioavailability of dexmedetomidine after intranasal administration. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Aug;67(8):825-31. doi: 10.1007/s00228-011-1002-y. Epub 2011 Feb 12.
• Results Phan H, Nahata MC. Clinical uses of dexmedetomidine in pediatric patients. Paediatr Drugs. 2008;10(1):49-69. doi: 10.2165/00148581-200810010-00006.
• Results Behrle N, Birisci E, Anderson J, Schroeder S, Dalabih A. Intranasal Dexmedetomidine as a Sedative for Pediatric Procedural Sedation. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Jan-Feb;22(1):4-8. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-22.1.4.
• Results Yuen VM, Hui TW, Irwin MG, Yao TJ, Wong GL, Yuen MK. Optimal timing for the administration of intranasal dexmedetomidine for premedication in children. Anaesthesia. 2010 Sep;65(9):922-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06453.x.
• Results Yuen VM, Hui TW, Irwin MG, Yao TJ, Chan L, Wong GL, Shahnaz Hasan M, Shariffuddin II. A randomised comparison of two intranasal dexmedetomidine doses for premedication in children. Anaesthesia. 2012 Nov;67(11):1210-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2012.07309.x. Epub 2012 Sep 5.
• Results Miller JW, Divanovic AA, Hossain MM, Mahmoud MA, Loepke AW. Dosing and efficacy of intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation for pediatric transthoracic echocardiography: a retrospective study. Can J Anaesth. 2016 Jul;63(7):834-41. doi: 10.1007/s12630-016-0617-y. Epub 2016 Feb 16.
• Results Reynolds J, Rogers A, Capehart S, Manyang P, Watcha MF. Retrospective Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine and Oral Chloral Hydrate for Sedated Auditory Brainstem Response Exams. Hosp Pediatr. 2016 Mar;6(3):166-71. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2015-0152.
• Results Malhotra PU, Thakur S, Singhal P, Chauhan D, Jayam C, Sood R, Malhotra Y. Comparative evaluation of dexmedetomidine and midazolam-ketamine combination as sedative agents in pediatric dentistry: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Dent. 2016 Apr-Jun;7(2):186-92. doi: 10.4103/0976-237X.183058.
• Results Li BL, Zhang N, Huang JX, Qiu QQ, Tian H, Ni J, Song XR, Yuen VM, Irwin MG. A comparison of intranasal dexmedetomidine for sedation in children administered either by atomiser or by drops. Anaesthesia. 2016 May;71(5):522-8. doi: 10.1111/anae.13407. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
• Results Hall JE, Uhrich TD, Barney JA, Arain SR, Ebert TJ. Sedative, amnestic, and analgesic properties of small-dose dexmedetomidine infusions. Anesth Analg. 2000 Mar;90(3):699-705. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200003000-00035.
• Results Ebert TJ, Hall JE, Barney JA, Uhrich TD, Colinco MD. The effects of increasing plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine in humans. Anesthesiology. 2000 Aug;93(2):382-94. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200008000-00016.
• Results Olutoye O, Kim T, Giannoni C, Stayer S. Dexmedetomidine as an analgesic for pediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Paediatr Anaesth. 2007 Oct;17(10):1007-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2007.02234.x. No abstract available.
• Results Sheta SA, Al-Sarheed MA, Abdelhalim AA. Intranasal dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for premedication in children undergoing complete dental rehabilitation: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Paediatr Anaesth. 2014 Feb;24(2):181-9. doi: 10.1111/pan.12287. Epub 2013 Nov 15.
• Results Niesters M, Martini C, Dahan A. Ketamine for chronic pain: risks and benefits. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Feb;77(2):357-67. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12094.
• Results Lightdale JR, Mitchell PD, Fredette ME, Mahoney LB, Zgleszewski SE, Scharff L, Fox VL. A Pilot Study of Ketamine versus Midazolam/Fentanyl Sedation in Children Undergoing GI Endoscopy. Int J Pediatr. 2011;2011:623710. doi: 10.1155/2011/623710. Epub 2011 May 16.
• Results Rasmussen KG. Psychiatric side effects of ketamine in hospitalized medical patients administered subanesthetic doses for pain control. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2014 Aug;26(4):230-3. doi: 10.1017/neu.2013.61.
• Results Parvizrad R, Pakniyat A, Malekianzadeh B, Almasi-Hashiani A. Comparing the analgesic effect of intranasal with intravenous ketamine in isolated orthopedic trauma: A randomized clinical trial. Turk J Emerg Med. 2017 Jun 23;17(3):99-103. doi: 10.1016/j.tjem.2017.05.006. eCollection 2017 Sep.
• Results Jonkman K, Dahan A, van de Donk T, Aarts L, Niesters M, van Velzen M. Ketamine for pain. F1000Res. 2017 Sep 20;6:F1000 Faculty Rev-1711. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.11372.1. eCollection 2017.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.