Intravitreal Aflibercept as Indicated by Real-Time Objective Imaging to Achieve Diabetic Retinopathy Improvement

Summary

The PRIME trial will assess the safety of 2 mg intravitreal aflibercept injections (IAI) to achieve and maintain DRSS improvements (2 or more steps) in patients with a baseline DRSS level of 47A to 71A inclusive through 104 weeks as determined by reading center determined DRSS gradings on OPTOS fundus photos and leakage index on OPTOS WF-FA.

Timeline

Start

2018-05-23

Primary completion

2021-04-09

Completion

2021-04-09

Publications

• Background Ehlers JP, Wang K, Vasanji A, Hu M, Srivastava SK. Automated quantitative characterisation of retinal vascular leakage and microaneurysms in ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography. Br J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun;101(6):696-699. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-310047. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
• Background Wang K, Srivastava SK, Vasanji A, Hu M, Reese J, Stiegel L, and Ehlers JP. "Quantitative ultrawidefield fluorescein angiography and volumetric optical coherence tomography analysis in the REACT Study: A prospective randomized comparative dosage trial evaluating ranibizumab in bevacizumab-resistant diabetic macular edema." Scientific Poster. ARVO Annual Meeting. Baltimore, MD. May 2017.
• Background Ehlers JP. "Peripheral and Macular Retinal Vascular Dynamics in DME and RVO Following Aflibercept Therapy: The PERMEATE Study 6-month Results" Scientific presentation. ASRS Annual Meeting. Boston, MA. August 201
• Background Kempen JH, O'Colmain BJ, Leske MC, Haffner SM, Klein R, Moss SE, Taylor HR, Hamman RF; Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among adults in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol. 2004 Apr;122(4):552-63. doi: 10.1001/archopht.122.4.552.
• Background Leasher JL, Bourne RR, Flaxman SR, Jonas JB, Keeffe J, Naidoo K, Pesudovs K, Price H, White RA, Wong TY, Resnikoff S, Taylor HR; Vision Loss Expert Group of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Global Estimates on the Number of People Blind or Visually Impaired by Diabetic Retinopathy: A Meta-analysis From 1990 to 2010. Diabetes Care. 2016 Sep;39(9):1643-9. doi: 10.2337/dc15-2171.
• Background Bourne RR, Stevens GA, White RA, Smith JL, Flaxman SR, Price H, Jonas JB, Keeffe J, Leasher J, Naidoo K, Pesudovs K, Resnikoff S, Taylor HR; Vision Loss Expert Group. Causes of vision loss worldwide, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2013 Dec;1(6):e339-49. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(13)70113-X. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
• Background Early photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy. ETDRS report number 9. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Ophthalmology. 1991 May;98(5 Suppl):766-85.
• Background Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Clinical application of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) findings, DRS Report Number 8. The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Ophthalmology. 1981 Jul;88(7):583-600.
• Background Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network; Elman MJ, Aiello LP, Beck RW, Bressler NM, Bressler SB, Edwards AR, Ferris FL 3rd, Friedman SM, Glassman AR, Miller KM, Scott IU, Stockdale CR, Sun JK. Randomized trial evaluating ranibizumab plus prompt or deferred laser or triamcinolone plus prompt laser for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2010 Jun;117(6):1064-1077.e35. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.02.031. Epub 2010 Apr 28.
• Background Nguyen QD, Brown DM, Marcus DM, Boyer DS, Patel S, Feiner L, Gibson A, Sy J, Rundle AC, Hopkins JJ, Rubio RG, Ehrlich JS; RISE and RIDE Research Group. Ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema: results from 2 phase III randomized trials: RISE and RIDE. Ophthalmology. 2012 Apr;119(4):789-801. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.12.039. Epub 2012 Feb 11.
• Background Korobelnik JF, Do DV, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Boyer DS, Holz FG, Heier JS, Midena E, Kaiser PK, Terasaki H, Marcus DM, Nguyen QD, Jaffe GJ, Slakter JS, Simader C, Soo Y, Schmelter T, Yancopoulos GD, Stahl N, Vitti R, Berliner AJ, Zeitz O, Metzig C, Brown DM. Intravitreal aflibercept for diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2014 Nov;121(11):2247-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.05.006. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
• Background Fong DS, Girach A, Boney A. Visual side effects of successful scatter laser photocoagulation surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a literature review. Retina. 2007 Sep;27(7):816-24. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e318042d32c.
• Background Ferris F. Early photocoagulation in patients with either type I or type II diabetes. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1996;94:505-37.
• Background Writing Committee for the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network; Gross JG, Glassman AR, Jampol LM, Inusah S, Aiello LP, Antoszyk AN, Baker CW, Berger BB, Bressler NM, Browning D, Elman MJ, Ferris FL 3rd, Friedman SM, Marcus DM, Melia M, Stockdale CR, Sun JK, Beck RW. Panretinal Photocoagulation vs Intravitreous Ranibizumab for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2015 Nov 24;314(20):2137-2146. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.15217.
• Background Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network; Wells JA, Glassman AR, Ayala AR, Jampol LM, Aiello LP, Antoszyk AN, Arnold-Bush B, Baker CW, Bressler NM, Browning DJ, Elman MJ, Ferris FL, Friedman SM, Melia M, Pieramici DJ, Sun JK, Beck RW. Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema. N Engl J Med. 2015 Mar 26;372(13):1193-203. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1414264. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
• Background Sivaprasad S, Prevost AT, Vasconcelos JC, Riddell A, Murphy C, Kelly J, Bainbridge J, Tudor-Edwards R, Hopkins D, Hykin P; CLARITY Study Group. Clinical efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept versus panretinal photocoagulation for best corrected visual acuity in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy at 52 weeks (CLARITY): a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised, controlled, phase 2b, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2017 Jun 3;389(10085):2193-2203. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31193-5. Epub 2017 May 7.
• Background Mazhar K, Varma R, Choudhury F, McKean-Cowdin R, Shtir CJ, Azen SP; Los Angeles Latino Eye Study Group. Severity of diabetic retinopathy and health-related quality of life: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study. Ophthalmology. 2011 Apr;118(4):649-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.003. Epub 2010 Oct 29.
• Background Klein R, Knudtson MD, Lee KE, Gangnon R, Klein BE. The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy XXIII: the twenty-five-year incidence of macular edema in persons with type 1 diabetes. Ophthalmology. 2009 Mar;116(3):497-503. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.10.016. Epub 2009 Jan 22.
• Background Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE. A population-based study of diabetic retinopathy in insulin-using patients diagnosed before 30 years of age. Diabetes Care. 1985 Sep-Oct;8 Suppl 1:71-6. doi: 10.2337/diacare.8.1.s71.
• Background Fundus photographic risk factors for progression of diabetic retinopathy. ETDRS report number 12. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Ophthalmology. 1991 May;98(5 Suppl):823-33.
• Background Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE. How many steps of progression of diabetic retinopathy are meaningful? The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 2001 Apr;119(4):547-53. doi: 10.1001/archopht.119.4.547.
• Background Wilkinson CP, Ferris FL 3rd, Klein RE, Lee PP, Agardh CD, Davis M, Dills D, Kampik A, Pararajasegaram R, Verdaguer JT; Global Diabetic Retinopathy Project Group. Proposed international clinical diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema disease severity scales. Ophthalmology. 2003 Sep;110(9):1677-82. doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(03)00475-5.
• Background Brown DM, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Do DV, Holz FG, Boyer DS, Midena E, Heier JS, Terasaki H, Kaiser PK, Marcus DM, Nguyen QD, Jaffe GJ, Slakter JS, Simader C, Soo Y, Schmelter T, Yancopoulos GD, Stahl N, Vitti R, Berliner AJ, Zeitz O, Metzig C, Korobelnik JF. Intravitreal Aflibercept for Diabetic Macular Edema: 100-Week Results From the VISTA and VIVID Studies. Ophthalmology. 2015 Oct;122(10):2044-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.06.017. Epub 2015 Jul 18.
• Background Brown DM, Nguyen QD, Marcus DM, Boyer DS, Patel S, Feiner L, Schlottmann PG, Rundle AC, Zhang J, Rubio RG, Adamis AP, Ehrlich JS, Hopkins JJ; RIDE and RISE Research Group. Long-term outcomes of ranibizumab therapy for diabetic macular edema: the 36-month results from two phase III trials: RISE and RIDE. Ophthalmology. 2013 Oct;120(10):2013-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.02.034. Epub 2013 May 22.
• Background Ip MS, Domalpally A, Hopkins JJ, Wong P, Ehrlich JS. Long-term effects of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy severity and progression. Arch Ophthalmol. 2012 Sep;130(9):1145-52. doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1043.
• Background Ip MS, Domalpally A, Sun JK, Ehrlich JS. Long-term effects of therapy with ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy severity and baseline risk factors for worsening retinopathy. Ophthalmology. 2015 Feb;122(2):367-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.08.048. Epub 2014 Nov 18.
• Background Bressler SB, Liu D, Glassman AR, Blodi BA, Castellarin AA, Jampol LM, Kaufman PL, Melia M, Singh H, Wells JA; Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network. Change in Diabetic Retinopathy Through 2 Years: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, and Ranibizumab. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017 Jun 1;135(6):558-568. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.0821.
• Background Wykoff CC, Le RT, Khurana RN, Brown DM, Ou WC, Wang R, Clark WL, Boyer DS; ENDURANCE Study Group. Outcomes With As-Needed Aflibercept and Macular Laser Following the Phase III VISTA DME Trial: ENDURANCE 12-Month Extension Study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan;173:56-63. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.09.029. Epub 2016 Oct 1.
• Background Croft DE, van Hemert J, Wykoff CC, Clifton D, Verhoek M, Fleming A, Brown DM. Precise montaging and metric quantification of retinal surface area from ultra-widefield fundus photography and fluorescein angiography. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2014 Jul-Aug;45(4):312-7. doi: 10.3928/23258160-20140709-07.
• Background Gulshan V, Peng L, Coram M, Stumpe MC, Wu D, Narayanaswamy A, Venugopalan S, Widner K, Madams T, Cuadros J, Kim R, Raman R, Nelson PC, Mega JL, Webster DR. Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Algorithm for Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in Retinal Fundus Photographs. JAMA. 2016 Dec 13;316(22):2402-2410. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.17216.
• Kalra G, Wykoff C, Martin A, Srivastava SK, Reese J, Ehlers JP. Longitudinal Quantitative Ultrawidefield Angiographic Features in Diabetic Retinopathy Treated with Aflibercept from the Intravitreal Aflibercept as Indicated by Real-Time Objective Imaging to Achieve Diabetic Retinopathy Improvement Trial. Ophthalmol Retina. 2024 Feb;8(2):116-125. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.09.004. Epub 2023 Sep 9.

Drugs

Indications