N-Acetylcysteine Protection Against Radiation Induced Cellular Damage

Summary

Catheter ablation procedures (CAPs) are first line treatment for a great variety of cardiac arrhythmias. CAPs require X-Ray imaging; consequently, CAPs cause ionizing radiation (IR) exposure for patients. Exposure to IR, even at low-doses, increases individual risk of developing cancer. IR cause DNA damage directly and, mostly, indirectly by formation of cellular free radicals. Furthermore different response to IR results from inherited variants in genes involved in DNA damage repair. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an aminoacid that can directly neutralize free radicals and increase antioxidant systems. Our preliminary data suggest that IR exposure in patients undergoing CAP deranges the oxidative stress status and the pre-procedure intravenous administration of NAC could decrease such abnormality.

Timeline

Start

2020-09-02

Primary completion

2024-12-02

Completion

2024-12-02

Publications

• Background Turnu L, Porro B, Alfieri V, Di Minno A, Russo E, Barbieri S, Bonomi A, Dello Russo A, Tondo C, D'Alessandra Y, Cavalca V, Tremoli E, Colombo GI, Casella M. Does Fluoroscopy Induce DNA Oxidative Damage in Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation? Antioxid Redox Signal. 2018 Apr 20;28(12):1137-1143. doi: 10.1089/ars.2017.7334. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
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• Background Andreassi MG, Foffa I, Manfredi S, Botto N, Cioppa A, Picano E. Genetic polymorphisms in XRCC1, OGG1, APE1 and XRCC3 DNA repair genes, ionizing radiation exposure and chromosomal DNA damage in interventional cardiologists. Mutat Res. 2009 Jun 18;666(1-2):57-63. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.04.003. Epub 2009 Apr 22.
• Background Huang A, Glick SA. Genetic susceptibility to cutaneous radiation injury. Arch Dermatol Res. 2017 Jan;309(1):1-10. doi: 10.1007/s00403-016-1702-3. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
• Background Cervelli T, Panetta D, Navarra T, Gadhiri S, Salvadori P, Galli A, Caramella D, Basta G, Picano E, Del Turco S. A New Natural Antioxidant Mixture Protects against Oxidative and DNA Damage in Endothelial Cell Exposed to Low-Dose Irradiation. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:9085947. doi: 10.1155/2017/9085947. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
• Background Aldini G, Altomare A, Baron G, Vistoli G, Carini M, Borsani L, Sergio F. N-Acetylcysteine as an antioxidant and disulphide breaking agent: the reasons why. Free Radic Res. 2018 Jul;52(7):751-762. doi: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1468564. Epub 2018 May 9.
• Background Mu H, Sun J, Li L, Yin J, Hu N, Zhao W, Ding D, Yi L. Ionizing radiation exposure: hazards, prevention, and biomarker screening. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jun;25(16):15294-15306. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2097-9. Epub 2018 Apr 29.
• Background Squellerio I, Caruso D, Porro B, Veglia F, Tremoli E, Cavalca V. Direct glutathione quantification in human blood by LC-MS/MS: comparison with HPLC with electrochemical detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2012 Dec;71:111-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.08.013. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
• Background Turnu L, Di Minno A, Porro B, Squellerio I, Bonomi A, Manega CM, Werba JP, Parolari A, Tremoli E, Cavalca V. Assessing Free-Radical-Mediated DNA Damage during Cardiac Surgery: 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine as a Putative Biomarker. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;2017:9715898. doi: 10.1155/2017/9715898. Epub 2017 Jun 4.
• Background Cavalca V, Minardi F, Scurati S, Guidugli F, Squellerio I, Veglia F, Dainese L, Guarino A, Tremoli E, Caruso D. Simultaneous quantification of 8-iso-prostaglandin-F(2alpha) and 11-dehydro thromboxane B(2) in human urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem. 2010 Feb 15;397(2):168-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.10.014. Epub 2009 Oct 13.
• Background Purcell S, Neale B, Todd-Brown K, Thomas L, Ferreira MA, Bender D, Maller J, Sklar P, de Bakker PI, Daly MJ, Sham PC. PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses. Am J Hum Genet. 2007 Sep;81(3):559-75. doi: 10.1086/519795. Epub 2007 Jul 25.
• Background Amadio P, Colombo GI, Tarantino E, Gianellini S, Ieraci A, Brioschi M, Banfi C, Werba JP, Parolari A, Lee FS, Tremoli E, Barbieri SS. BDNFVal66met polymorphism: a potential bridge between depression and thrombosis. Eur Heart J. 2017 May 7;38(18):1426-1435. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv655.
• Background Casella M, Dello Russo A, Russo E, Catto V, Pizzamiglio F, Zucchetti M, Majocchi B, Riva S, Vettor G, Dessanai MA, Fassini G, Moltrasio M, Tundo F, Vignati C, Conti S, Bonomi A, Carbucicchio C, Di Biase L, Natale A, Tondo C. X-Ray Exposure in Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Retrospective Analysis in 8150 Patients Over 7 Years of Activity in a Modern, Large-Volume Laboratory. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 May 22;7(11):e008233. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.008233.
• Background Catto V, Stronati G, Porro B, Fiorelli S, Ricci V, Vavassori C, Russo E, Guerra F, Gasperetti A, Ribatti V, Sicuso R, Dello Russo A, Veglia F, Tondo C, Cavalca V, Colombo GI, Tremoli E, Casella M. Cardiac arrhythmia catheter ablation procedures guided by x-ray imaging: N-acetylcysteine protection against radiation-induced cellular damage (CARAPACE study): study design. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2021 Sep;61(3):577-582. doi: 10.1007/s10840-020-00853-4. Epub 2020 Aug 24.

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