Effectiveness of Nebulized Dexmedetomidine for Treatment of Obstetric Post-Dural Puncture Headache

Summary

Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication, following neuraxial techniques. The obstetric population is particularly prone to PDPH. Therefore, treatment of PDPH is a key issue in obstetric anesthesia. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective, centrally acting α2-adrenergic agonist with analgesic and anxiolytic effects. Moreover, it decreases cerebral blood flow (CBF) in humans and animals secondary to cerebrovascular vasoconstriction. It has been used via the intranasal and inhalational routes for many purposes including premedication, sedation and postoperative analgesia. Because of its desirable properties, we hypothesized that dexmedetomidine nebulization could be effective in the treatment of patients suffering from PDPH after caesarean section.

Timeline

Start

2020-05-01

Primary completion

2021-01-30

Completion

2021-02-28

Publications

• Background Sachs A, Smiley R. Post-dural puncture headache: the worst common complication in obstetric anesthesia. Semin Perinatol. 2014 Oct;38(6):386-94. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2014.07.007. Epub 2014 Aug 19.
• Background Bardon J, LE Ray C, Samama CM, Bonnet MP. Risk factors of post-dural puncture headache receiving a blood patch in obstetric patients. Minerva Anestesiol. 2016 Jun;82(6):641-8. Epub 2015 Jul 29.
• Background FitzGerald S, Salman M. Postdural puncture headache in obstetric patients. Br J Gen Pract. 2019 Apr;69(681):207-208. doi: 10.3399/bjgp19X702125. No abstract available.
• Background Shah A, Bhatia PK, Tulsiani KL. Post dural puncture headache in caesarean section-a comparative study using 25G Quincke, 27G Quincke and 27G Whitacre needle. Indian J Anaesth 2002; 46(5):373-377.
• Background Turnbull DK, Shepherd DB. Post-dural puncture headache: pathogenesis, prevention and treatment. Br J Anaesth. 2003 Nov;91(5):718-29. doi: 10.1093/bja/aeg231.
• Background Amorim JA, Gomes de Barros MV, Valenca MM. Post-dural (post-lumbar) puncture headache: risk factors and clinical features. Cephalalgia. 2012 Sep;32(12):916-23. doi: 10.1177/0333102412453951. Epub 2012 Jul 27.
• Background Uyar Turkyilmaz E, Eryilmaz NC, Guzey NA, Moraloglu O. [Bilateral greater occipital nerve block for treatment of post-dural puncture headache after caesarean operations]. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2016 Sep-Oct;66(5):445-50. doi: 10.1016/j.bjan.2015.12.001. Epub 2016 Jul 18. Portuguese.
• Background Tsaousi GG, Bilotta F. Is dexmedetomidine a favorable agent for cerebral hemodynamics? Indian J Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan;20(1):1-2. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.173675. No abstract available.
• Background Tang C, Huang X, Kang F, Chai X, Wang S, Yin G, Wang H, Li J. Intranasal Dexmedetomidine on Stress Hormones, Inflammatory Markers, and Postoperative Analgesia after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. Mediators Inflamm. 2015;2015:939431. doi: 10.1155/2015/939431. Epub 2015 Jun 25.
• Background Jaakola ML, Salonen M, Lehtinen R, Scheinin H. The analgesic action of dexmedetomidine--a novel alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist--in healthy volunteers. Pain. 1991 Sep;46(3):281-285. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(91)90111-A.
• Background Gertler R, Brown HC, Mitchell DH, Silvius EN. Dexmedetomidine: a novel sedative-analgesic agent. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2001 Jan;14(1):13-21. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2001.11927725.
• Background Gerlach AT, Dasta JF. Dexmedetomidine: an updated review. Ann Pharmacother. 2007 Feb;41(2):245-52. doi: 10.1345/aph.1H314. Epub 2007 Feb 13.
• Background Drummond JC, Dao AV, Roth DM, Cheng CR, Atwater BI, Minokadeh A, Pasco LC, Patel PM. Effect of dexmedetomidine on cerebral blood flow velocity, cerebral metabolic rate, and carbon dioxide response in normal humans. Anesthesiology. 2008 Feb;108(2):225-32. doi: 10.1097/01.anes.0000299576.00302.4c.
• Background Kumar A, Kumar A, Sinha C, Anant M, Singh JK. Dexmedetomidine nebulization: an answer to post-dural puncture headache? Int J Obstet Anesth. 2019 Nov;40:155-156. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2019.06.004. Epub 2019 Jun 19. No abstract available.
• Background Lybecker H, Djernes M, Schmidt JF. Postdural puncture headache (PDPH): onset, duration, severity, and associated symptoms. An analysis of 75 consecutive patients with PDPH. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1995 Jul;39(5):605-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1995.tb04135.x.
• Background Bathala L, Mehndiratta MM, Sharma VK. Transcranial doppler: Technique and common findings (Part 1). Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2013 Apr;16(2):174-9. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.112460.
• Mowafy SMS, Ellatif SEA. Effectiveness of nebulized dexmedetomidine for treatment of post-dural puncture headache in parturients undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled study. J Anesth. 2021 Aug;35(4):515-524. doi: 10.1007/s00540-021-02944-6. Epub 2021 May 16.

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