Safety and Efficacy of Melatonin in Outpatients Infected With COVID-19

Summary

This study is a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of melatonin in adult outpatients suspected to be afflicted with COVID-19.

Timeline

Start

2020-11-06

Primary completion

2022-07-22

Completion

2022-07-22

Publications

• Background Aliasgharzadeh A, Farhood B, Amini P, Saffar H, Motevaseli E, Rezapoor S, Nouruzi F, Shabeeb DH, Eleojo Musa A, Mohseni M, Moradi H, Najafi M. Melatonin Attenuates Upregulation of Duox1 and Duox2 and Protects against Lung Injury following Chest Irradiation in Rats. Cell J. 2019 Oct;21(3):236-242. doi: 10.22074/cellj.2019.6207. Epub 2019 Jun 15.
• Background Andersen LP, Gogenur I, Rosenberg J, Reiter RJ. The Safety of Melatonin in Humans. Clin Drug Investig. 2016 Mar;36(3):169-75. doi: 10.1007/s40261-015-0368-5.
• Background Bazyar H, Gholinezhad H, Moradi L, Salehi P, Abadi F, Ravanbakhsh M, Zare Javid A. The effects of melatonin supplementation in adjunct with non-surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal status, serum melatonin and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic periodontitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Inflammopharmacology. 2019 Feb;27(1):67-76. doi: 10.1007/s10787-018-0539-0. Epub 2018 Oct 16.
• Background Chen CF, Wang D, Reiter RJ, Yeh DY. Oral melatonin attenuates lung inflammation and airway hyperreactivity induced by inhalation of aerosolized pancreatic fluid in rats. J Pineal Res. 2011 Jan;50(1):46-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2010.00808.x. Epub 2010 Oct 22.
• Background Cheung CY, Poon LL, Ng IH, Luk W, Sia SF, Wu MH, Chan KH, Yuen KY, Gordon S, Guan Y, Peiris JS. Cytokine responses in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-infected macrophages in vitro: possible relevance to pathogenesis. J Virol. 2005 Jun;79(12):7819-26. doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.12.7819-7826.2005.
• Background Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
• Background Kim JY, Lee YD, Kim BJ, Kim SP, Kim DH, Jo KJ, Lee SK, Lee KH, Baik HW. Melatonin improves inflammatory cytokine profiles in lung inflammation associated with sleep deprivation. Mol Med Rep. 2012 May;5(5):1281-4. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2012.814. Epub 2012 Feb 29.
• Background Law HK, Cheung CY, Ng HY, Sia SF, Chan YO, Luk W, Nicholls JM, Peiris JS, Lau YL. Chemokine up-regulation in SARS-coronavirus-infected, monocyte-derived human dendritic cells. Blood. 2005 Oct 1;106(7):2366-74. doi: 10.1182/blood-2004-10-4166. Epub 2005 Apr 28.
• Background Pedreira PR, Garcia-Prieto E, Parra D, Astudillo A, Diaz E, Taboada F, Albaiceta GM. Effects of melatonin in an experimental model of ventilator-induced lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2008 Nov;295(5):L820-7. doi: 10.1152/ajplung.90211.2008. Epub 2008 Sep 19.
• Background Peng Z, Zhang W, Qiao J, He B. Melatonin attenuates airway inflammation via SIRT1 dependent inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1beta in rats with COPD. Int Immunopharmacol. 2018 Sep;62:23-28. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.06.033. Epub 2018 Jun 30.
• Background Sanchez-Lopez AL, Ortiz GG, Pacheco-Moises FP, Mireles-Ramirez MA, Bitzer-Quintero OK, Delgado-Lara DLC, Ramirez-Jirano LJ, Velazquez-Brizuela IE. Efficacy of Melatonin on Serum Pro-inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Markers in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. Arch Med Res. 2018 Aug;49(6):391-398. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 27.
• Background Shang Y, Xu SP, Wu Y, Jiang YX, Wu ZY, Yuan SY, Yao SL. Melatonin reduces acute lung injury in endotoxemic rats. Chin Med J (Engl). 2009 Jun 20;122(12):1388-93.
• Background Shin IS, Park JW, Shin NR, Jeon CM, Kwon OK, Kim JS, Kim JC, Oh SR, Ahn KS. Melatonin reduces airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthma. Immunobiology. 2014 Dec;219(12):901-8. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.08.004. Epub 2014 Aug 10.
• Background Wang S, Zhao Z, Feng X, Cheng Z, Xiong Z, Wang T, Lin J, Zhang M, Hu J, Fan Y, Reiter RJ, Wang H, Sun D. Melatonin activates Parkin translocation and rescues the impaired mitophagy activity of diabetic cardiomyopathy through Mst1 inhibition. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Oct;22(10):5132-5144. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.13802. Epub 2018 Jul 31.
• Background Wu GC, Peng CK, Liao WI, Pao HP, Huang KL, Chu SJ. Melatonin receptor agonist protects against acute lung injury induced by ventilator through up-regulation of IL-10 production. Respir Res. 2020 Mar 6;21(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12931-020-1325-2.
• Background Wu WS, Chou MT, Chao CM, Chang CK, Lin MT, Chang CP. Melatonin reduces acute lung inflammation, edema, and hemorrhage in heatstroke rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2012 Jun;33(6):775-82. doi: 10.1038/aps.2012.29. Epub 2012 May 21.
• Background Zhao X, Sun J, Su W, Shan H, Zhang B, Wang Y, Shabanova A, Shan H, Liang H. Melatonin Protects against Lung Fibrosis by Regulating the Hippo/YAP Pathway. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Apr 9;19(4):1118. doi: 10.3390/ijms19041118.
• Background Zhang R, Wang X, Ni L, Di X, Ma B, Niu S, Liu C, Reiter RJ. COVID-19: Melatonin as a potential adjuvant treatment. Life Sci. 2020 Jun 1;250:117583. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117583. Epub 2020 Mar 23.

Drugs

Indications