COVID-OUT: Early Outpatient Treatment for SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19)

Summary

1. The purpose of this trial is to conduct a 2x3 factorial randomized trials, which efficiently allows the parallel conduct of three randomized trials to understand whether metformin, ivermectin, or fluvoxamine, is superior to placebo for preventing Covid-19 disease progression in non-hospitalized adults with SARS- CoV-2 infection. 2. To understand if the active treatment arms are superior to placebo in improving viral load, serologic markers associated with Covid-19, and gut microbiome in non-hospitalized adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection. 3. To understand if any of the active treatment arms prevent long-covid syndrome, PASC (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection).

Timeline

Start

2021-01-01

Primary completion

2022-12-14

Completion

2022-12-14

Outcome

Missed primary endpoint

paper None of the three medications that were evaluated prevented the occurrence of hypoxemia, an emergency department visit, hospitalization, or death associated with Covid-19. PMID 36070710 ↗

Publications

• Background Gordon DE, Jang GM, Bouhaddou M, Xu J, Obernier K, White KM, O'Meara MJ, Rezelj VV, Guo JZ, Swaney DL, Tummino TA, Huttenhain R, Kaake RM, Richards AL, Tutuncuoglu B, Foussard H, Batra J, Haas K, Modak M, Kim M, Haas P, Polacco BJ, Braberg H, Fabius JM, Eckhardt M, Soucheray M, Bennett MJ, Cakir M, McGregor MJ, Li Q, Meyer B, Roesch F, Vallet T, Mac Kain A, Miorin L, Moreno E, Naing ZZC, Zhou Y, Peng S, Shi Y, Zhang Z, Shen W, Kirby IT, Melnyk JE, Chorba JS, Lou K, Dai SA, Barrio-Hernandez I, Memon D, Hernandez-Armenta C, Lyu J, Mathy CJP, Perica T, Pilla KB, Ganesan SJ, Saltzberg DJ, Rakesh R, Liu X, Rosenthal SB, Calviello L, Venkataramanan S, Liboy-Lugo J, Lin Y, Huang XP, Liu Y, Wankowicz SA, Bohn M, Safari M, Ugur FS, Koh C, Savar NS, Tran QD, Shengjuler D, Fletcher SJ, O'Neal MC, Cai Y, Chang JCJ, Broadhurst DJ, Klippsten S, Sharp PP, Wenzell NA, Kuzuoglu-Ozturk D, Wang HY, Trenker R, Young JM, Cavero DA, Hiatt J, Roth TL, Rathore U, Subramanian A, Noack J, Hubert M, Stroud RM, Frankel AD, Rosenberg OS, Verba KA, Agard DA, Ott M, Emerman M, Jura N, von Zastrow M, Verdin E, Ashworth A, Schwartz O, d'Enfert C, Mukherjee S, Jacobson M, Malik HS, Fujimori DG, Ideker T, Craik CS, Floor SN, Fraser JS, Gross JD, Sali A, Roth BL, Ruggero D, Taunton J, Kortemme T, Beltrao P, Vignuzzi M, Garcia-Sastre A, Shokat KM, Shoichet BK, Krogan NJ. A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing. Nature. 2020 Jul;583(7816):459-468. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2286-9. Epub 2020 Apr 30.
• Background Castle, B.T., C. Dock, M. Hemmat, S. Kline, C. Tignanelli, R. Rajasingham, D. Masopust, P. Provenzano, R. Langlois, T. Schacker, A. Haase, and D.J. Odde, Biophysical modeling of the SARS-CoV-2 viral cycle reveals ideal antiviral targets. bioRxiv, 2020. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.22.111237v2.
• Hartman KM, Patel B, Rao V, Hagen AA, Saveraid HG, Fricton R, Lee S, Snyder AT, Pullen MF, Boulware DR, Liebovitz DM, Belani HK, Niklas JM, Murray TA, Cohen K, Thompson JL, Erickson SM, Bramante CT. A Comparison of Recruitment Methods for a Remote, Nationwide Clinical Trial for COVID-19 Treatment. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 29;11(7):ofae224. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofae224. eCollection 2024 Jul.
• Bramante CT, Beckman KB, Mehta T, Karger AB, Odde DJ, Tignanelli CJ, Buse JB, Johnson DM, Watson RHB, Daniel JJ, Liebovitz DM, Nicklas JM, Cohen K, Puskarich MA, Belani HK, Siegel LK, Klatt NR, Anderson B, Hartman KM, Rao V, Hagen AA, Patel B, Fenno SL, Avula N, Reddy NV, Erickson SM, Fricton RD, Lee S, Griffiths G, Pullen MF, Thompson JL, Sherwood NE, Murray TA, Rose MR, Boulware DR, Huling JD; COVID-OUT Study Team. Favorable Antiviral Effect of Metformin on SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of COVID-19. Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Aug 16;79(2):354-363. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciae159.
• Bramante CT, Buse JB, Liebovitz DM, Nicklas JM, Puskarich MA, Cohen K, Belani HK, Anderson BJ, Huling JD, Tignanelli CJ, Thompson JL, Pullen M, Wirtz EL, Siegel LK, Proper JL, Odde DJ, Klatt NR, Sherwood NE, Lindberg SM, Karger AB, Beckman KB, Erickson SM, Fenno SL, Hartman KM, Rose MR, Mehta T, Patel B, Griffiths G, Bhat NS, Murray TA, Boulware DR; COVID-OUT Study Team. Outpatient treatment of COVID-19 and incidence of post-COVID-19 condition over 10 months (COVID-OUT): a multicentre, randomised, quadruple-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023 Oct;23(10):1119-1129. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00299-2. Epub 2023 Jun 8.
• Boulware DR, Murray TA, Proper JL, Tignanelli CJ, Buse JB, Liebovitz DM, Nicklas JM, Cohen K, Puskarich MA, Belani HK, Siegel LK, Klatt NR, Odde DJ, Karger AB, Ingraham NE, Hartman KM, Rao V, Hagen AA, Patel B, Fenno SL, Avula N, Reddy NV, Erickson SM, Lindberg S, Fricton R, Lee S, Zaman A, Saveraid HG, Tordsen WJ, Pullen MF, Sherwood NE, Huling JD, Bramante CT; COVID-OUT study team. Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccination and Booster on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Symptom Severity Over Time in the COVID-OUT Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2023 Feb 8;76(3):e1-e9. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac772.
• Bramante CT, Huling JD, Tignanelli CJ, Buse JB, Liebovitz DM, Nicklas JM, Cohen K, Puskarich MA, Belani HK, Proper JL, Siegel LK, Klatt NR, Odde DJ, Luke DG, Anderson B, Karger AB, Ingraham NE, Hartman KM, Rao V, Hagen AA, Patel B, Fenno SL, Avula N, Reddy NV, Erickson SM, Lindberg S, Fricton R, Lee S, Zaman A, Saveraid HG, Tordsen WJ, Pullen MF, Biros M, Sherwood NE, Thompson JL, Boulware DR, Murray TA; COVID-OUT Trial Team. Randomized Trial of Metformin, Ivermectin, and Fluvoxamine for Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2022 Aug 18;387(7):599-610. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2201662.
• Dodds MG, Doyle EB, Reiersen AM, Brown F, Rayner CR. Fluvoxamine for the treatment of COVID-19. Lancet Glob Health. 2022 Mar;10(3):e332. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00006-7. No abstract available.

Drugs

Indications