drugset / Trial / NCT04588207
Urea for Chronic Hyponatremia
Phase 2
Terminated
2 enrolled
Helbert Rondon Berrios, MD, MS
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) · collab
RandomizedCrossoverOpen-labelTreatment
Summary
This study is examining how a dietary supplement called urea can be used to treat low blood sodium level. Low blood sodium level is a common problem and some studies show that many patients with low blood sodium level suffer from brain fog and/or loss of balance. Unfortunately, it is unknown at this point what the best treatment is for low blood sodium level. With this pilot research study, the investigators are hoping to learn more about whether urea is safe to take, whether patients can tolerate taking urea for several weeks, whether urea increases blood sodium level, and whether urea can help prevent the brain fog and/or loss of balance that some patients with low blood sodium level suffer from. The information obtained with this study is intended to be used to design a larger study in the future to get a definite answer whether urea is beneficial for patients with low blood sodium level.
Timeline
- Start
- 2021-12-28
- Primary completion
- 2022-09-29
- Completion
- 2022-09-29
Publications
- Background Rondon-Berrios H, Berl T. Mild Chronic Hyponatremia in the Ambulatory Setting: Significance and Management. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015 Dec 7;10(12):2268-78. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00170115. Epub 2015 Jun 24.
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- Background Rondon-Berrios H, Tandukar S, Mor MK, Ray EC, Bender FH, Kleyman TR, Weisbord SD. Urea for the Treatment of Hyponatremia. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Nov 7;13(11):1627-1632. doi: 10.2215/CJN.04020318. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
- Background Gankam-Kengne F, Ayers C, Khera A, de Lemos J, Maalouf NM. Mild hyponatremia is associated with an increased risk of death in an ambulatory setting. Kidney Int. 2013 Apr;83(4):700-6. doi: 10.1038/ki.2012.459. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
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- Background Decaux G. Is asymptomatic hyponatremia really asymptomatic? Am J Med. 2006 Jul;119(7 Suppl 1):S79-82. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.05.013.
- Background Renneboog B, Musch W, Vandemergel X, Manto MU, Decaux G. Mild chronic hyponatremia is associated with falls, unsteadiness, and attention deficits. Am J Med. 2006 Jan;119(1):71.e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.09.026.
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- Background Greenberg A, Verbalis JG, Amin AN, Burst VR, Chiodo JA 3rd, Chiong JR, Dasta JF, Friend KE, Hauptman PJ, Peri A, Sigal SH. Current treatment practice and outcomes. Report of the hyponatremia registry. Kidney Int. 2015 Jul;88(1):167-77. doi: 10.1038/ki.2015.4. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
- Background Decaux G, Gankam Kengne F, Couturier B, Musch W, Soupart A, Vandergheynst F. Mild water restriction with or without urea for the longterm treatment of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH): Can urine osmolality help the choice? Eur J Intern Med. 2018 Feb;48:89-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2017.09.024. Epub 2017 Oct 7.
- Background Decaux G. Treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by long loop diuretics. Nephron. 1983;35(2):82-8. doi: 10.1159/000183052. No abstract available.
- Background Decaux G, Waterlot Y, Genette F, Hallemans R, Demanet JC. Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone treated with frusemide. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1982 Jul 10;285(6335):89-90. doi: 10.1136/bmj.285.6335.89.
- Background Decaux G, Waterlot Y, Genette F, Mockel J. Treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone with furosemide. N Engl J Med. 1981 Feb 5;304(6):329-30. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198102053040605. No abstract available.
- Background Bhandari S, Peri A, Cranston I, McCool R, Shaw A, Glanville J, Petrakova L, O'Reilly K. A systematic review of known interventions for the treatment of chronic nonhypovolaemic hypotonic hyponatraemia and a meta-analysis of the vaptans. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2017 Jun;86(6):761-771. doi: 10.1111/cen.13315. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
- Background Jaber BL, Almarzouqi L, Borgi L, Seabra VF, Balk EM, Madias NE. Short-term efficacy and safety of vasopressin receptor antagonists for treatment of hyponatremia. Am J Med. 2011 Oct;124(10):977.e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.04.028.
- Background Li B, Fang D, Qian C, Feng H, Wang Y. The Efficacy and Safety of Tolvaptan in Patients with Hyponatremia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Clin Drug Investig. 2017 Apr;37(4):327-342. doi: 10.1007/s40261-016-0470-3.
- Background Rozen-Zvi B, Yahav D, Gheorghiade M, Korzets A, Leibovici L, Gafter U. Vasopressin receptor antagonists for the treatment of hyponatremia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010 Aug;56(2):325-37. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.01.013. Epub 2010 Jun 9.
- Background Zhang X, Zhao M, Du W, Zu D, Sun Y, Xiang R, Yang J. Efficacy and Safety of Vasopressin Receptor Antagonists for Euvolemic or Hypervolemic Hyponatremia: A Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Apr;95(15):e3310. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003310.
- Background Torres VE, Chapman AB, Devuyst O, Gansevoort RT, Grantham JJ, Higashihara E, Perrone RD, Krasa HB, Ouyang J, Czerwiec FS; TEMPO 3:4 Trial Investigators. Tolvaptan in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 20;367(25):2407-18. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1205511. Epub 2012 Nov 3.
- Background Spasovski G, Vanholder R, Allolio B, Annane D, Ball S, Bichet D, Decaux G, Fenske W, Hoorn EJ, Ichai C, Joannidis M, Soupart A, Zietse R, Haller M, van der Veer S, Van Biesen W, Nagler E; Hyponatraemia Guideline Development Group. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014 Apr;29 Suppl 2:i1-i39. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfu040. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
- Background Decaux G, Andres C, Gankam Kengne F, Soupart A. Treatment of euvolemic hyponatremia in the intensive care unit by urea. Crit Care. 2010;14(5):R184. doi: 10.1186/cc9292. Epub 2010 Oct 14.
- Background Lockett J, Berkman KE, Dimeski G, Russell AW, Inder WJ. Urea treatment in fluid restriction-refractory hyponatraemia. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2019 Apr;90(4):630-636. doi: 10.1111/cen.13930. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
- Background Nervo A, D'Angelo V, Rosso D, Castellana E, Cattel F, Arvat E, Grossi E. Urea in cancer patients with chronic SIAD-induced hyponatremia: Old drug, new evidence. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2019 Jun;90(6):842-848. doi: 10.1111/cen.13966. Epub 2019 Mar 29.
- Background Soupart A, Coffernils M, Couturier B, Gankam-Kengne F, Decaux G. Efficacy and tolerance of urea compared with vaptans for long-term treatment of patients with SIADH. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012 May;7(5):742-7. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06990711. Epub 2012 Mar 8.
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- Background Vandergheynst F, Gombeir Y, Bellante F, Perrotta G, Remiche G, Melot C, Mavroudakis N, Decaux G. Impact of hyponatremia on nerve conduction and muscle strength. Eur J Clin Invest. 2016 Apr;46(4):328-33. doi: 10.1111/eci.12597. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
- Background Refardt J, Kling B, Krausert K, Fassnacht M, von Felten S, Christ-Crain M, Fenske W. Impact of chronic hyponatremia on neurocognitive and neuromuscular function. Eur J Clin Invest. 2018 Nov;48(11):e13022. doi: 10.1111/eci.13022. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
- Background Verbalis JG, Greenberg A, Burst V, Haymann JP, Johannsson G, Peri A, Poch E, Chiodo JA 3rd, Dave J. Diagnosing and Treating the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion. Am J Med. 2016 May;129(5):537.e9-537.e23. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.11.005. Epub 2015 Nov 14.
- Background Connaboy C, Johnson CD, LaGoy AD, Pepping GJ, Simpson RJ, Deng Z, Ma L, Bower JL, Eagle SR, Flanagan SD, Alfano CA. Intersession Reliability and Within-Session Stability of a Novel Perception-Action Coupling Task. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019 Feb 1;90(2):77-83. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5190.2019.
- Background Erickson GB, Citek K, Cove M, Wilczek J, Linster C, Bjarnason B, Langemo N. Reliability of a computer-based system for measuring visual performance skills. Optometry. 2011 Sep;82(9):528-42. doi: 10.1016/j.optm.2011.01.012. Epub 2011 Jun 25.
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- Background Borg FG, Laxaback G. Entropy of balance--some recent results. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2010 Jul 30;7:38. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-7-38.
- Background Kang HG, Costa MD, Priplata AA, Starobinets OV, Goldberger AL, Peng CK, Kiely DK, Cupples LA, Lipsitz LA. Frailty and the degradation of complex balance dynamics during a dual-task protocol. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009 Dec;64(12):1304-11. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glp113. Epub 2009 Aug 13.
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- Background Sterns RH, Silver SM, Hix JK. Urea for hyponatremia? Kidney Int. 2015 Feb;87(2):268-70. doi: 10.1038/ki.2014.320.
Drugs
| Evaluation | Drug | Modality | Dose | Route |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | urea | Unknown | 60 g | Oral |