Rapid Development and Implementation of a Remote ECG-monitored Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial During a Pandemic: Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis in COVID-19 Household Contacts

Summary

* organizing an entirely no in-person contact clinical trial is feasible during a 22 COVID-19 pandemic 23 * Remote smartphone 6-lead ECG monitoring is possible even in a group unfamiliar 24 with the technology 25 * Hydroxychloroquine used prophylactically at 200 mg BID had no observable 26 cardiotoxicity 27 * Additional study using this technique is warranted to look at reliability and cost-28 effectiveness

Timeline

Start

2020-05-27

Primary completion

2020-10-31

Completion

2020-11-15

Publications

• Background Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):497-506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
• Background Wiersinga WJ, Rhodes A, Cheng AC, Peacock SJ, Prescott HC. Pathophysiology, Transmission, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Review. JAMA. 2020 Aug 25;324(8):782-793. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.12839.
• Background van Doremalen N, Bushmaker T, Morris DH, Holbrook MG, Gamble A, Williamson BN, Tamin A, Harcourt JL, Thornburg NJ, Gerber SI, Lloyd-Smith JO, de Wit E, Munster VJ. Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 16;382(16):1564-1567. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2004973. Epub 2020 Mar 17. No abstract available.
• Background Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, Jones FK, Zheng Q, Meredith HR, Azman AS, Reich NG, Lessler J. The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application. Ann Intern Med. 2020 May 5;172(9):577-582. doi: 10.7326/M20-0504. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
• Background Day M. Covid-19: identifying and isolating asymptomatic people helped eliminate virus in Italian village. BMJ. 2020 Mar 23;368:m1165. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1165. No abstract available.
• Background Rolain JM, Colson P, Raoult D. Recycling of chloroquine and its hydroxyl analogue to face bacterial, fungal and viral infections in the 21st century. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2007 Oct;30(4):297-308. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.05.015. Epub 2007 Jul 16.
• Background Devaux CA, Rolain JM, Colson P, Raoult D. New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19? Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020 May;55(5):105938. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105938. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
• Background Colson P, Rolain JM, Lagier JC, Brouqui P, Raoult D. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine as available weapons to fight COVID-19. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020 Apr;55(4):105932. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105932. Epub 2020 Mar 4. No abstract available.
• Background Liu J, Cao R, Xu M, Wang X, Zhang H, Hu H, Li Y, Hu Z, Zhong W, Wang M. Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Cell Discov. 2020 Mar 18;6:16. doi: 10.1038/s41421-020-0156-0. eCollection 2020. No abstract available.
• Background Mitja O, Clotet B. Use of antiviral drugs to reduce COVID-19 transmission. Lancet Glob Health. 2020 May;8(5):e639-e640. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30114-5. Epub 2020 Mar 19. No abstract available.
• Background Vincent MJ, Bergeron E, Benjannet S, Erickson BR, Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG, Seidah NG, Nichol ST. Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread. Virol J. 2005 Aug 22;2:69. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-2-69.
• Background Principi N, Esposito S. Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for prophylaxis of COVID-19. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Oct;20(10):1118. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30296-6. Epub 2020 Apr 17. No abstract available.
• Background Marquis-Gravel G, Roe MT, Turakhia MP, Boden W, Temple R, Sharma A, Hirshberg B, Slater P, Craft N, Stockbridge N, McDowell B, Waldstreicher J, Bourla A, Bansilal S, Wong JL, Meunier C, Kassahun H, Coran P, Bataille L, Patrick-Lake B, Hirsch B, Reites J, Mehta R, Muse ED, Chandross KJ, Silverstein JC, Silcox C, Overhage JM, Califf RM, Peterson ED. Technology-Enabled Clinical Trials: Transforming Medical Evidence Generation. Circulation. 2019 Oct 22;140(17):1426-1436. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.040798. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
• Background Turakhia MP, Desai M, Hedlin H, Rajmane A, Talati N, Ferris T, Desai S, Nag D, Patel M, Kowey P, Rumsfeld JS, Russo AM, Hills MT, Granger CB, Mahaffey KW, Perez MV. Rationale and design of a large-scale, app-based study to identify cardiac arrhythmias using a smartwatch: The Apple Heart Study. Am Heart J. 2019 Jan;207:66-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2018.09.002. Epub 2018 Sep 8.
• Background Spaccarotella CAM, Polimeni A, Migliarino S, Principe E, Curcio A, Mongiardo A, Sorrentino S, De Rosa S, Indolfi C. Multichannel Electrocardiograms Obtained by a Smartwatch for the Diagnosis of ST-Segment Changes. JAMA Cardiol. 2020 Oct 1;5(10):1176-1180. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3994.
• Liu HH, Ezekowitz MD, Columbo M, Khan O, Martin J, Spahr J, Yaron D, Cushinotto L, Kapelusznik L. The future is now: our experience starting a remote clinical trial during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Trials. 2021 Sep 7;22(1):603. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05537-6.
• Liu HH, Ezekowitz MD, Columbo M, Khan O, Martin J, Spahr J, Yaron D, Cushinotto L, Kapelusznik L. Testing the feasibility of operationalizing a prospective, randomized trial with remote cardiac safety EKG monitoring during a pandemic. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2022 Mar;63(2):345-356. doi: 10.1007/s10840-021-00989-x. Epub 2021 May 26.

Drugs

Indications