Efficacy of Oral Verapamil and Oral Diltiazim on Reduction of Intraoperative Bleeding During Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Under General Anesthesia

Summary

To study the effect of addition of oral verapamil or Diltiazim to general anaesthesia on the Intraoperative haemodynamics : heart rate(HR), noninvasive blood pressure(NIBP), mean arterial blood pressure(MAP), and the blood loss during endoscopic sinus surgery.

Timeline

Start

2021-03-01

Primary completion

2022-01-01

Completion

2022-01-20

Publications

• Background Thongrong C, Kasemsiri P, Carrau RL, Bergese SD. Control of bleeding in endoscopic skull base surgery: current concepts to improve hemostasis. ISRN Surg. 2013 Jun 13;2013:191543. doi: 10.1155/2013/191543. Print 2013.
• Background Hadad G, Bassagasteguy L, Carrau RL, Mataza JC, Kassam A, Snyderman CH, Mintz A. A novel reconstructive technique after endoscopic expanded endonasal approaches: vascular pedicle nasoseptal flap. Laryngoscope. 2006 Oct;116(10):1882-6. doi: 10.1097/01.mlg.0000234933.37779.e4.
• Background Stammberger H. Endoscopic endonasal surgery--concepts in treatment of recurring rhinosinusitis. Part II. Surgical technique. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1986 Feb;94(2):147-56. doi: 10.1177/019459988609400203.
• Background Stankiewicz JA, Lal D, Connor M, Welch K. Complications in endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: a 25-year experience. Laryngoscope. 2011 Dec;121(12):2684-701. doi: 10.1002/lary.21446. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
• Background Eberhart LH, Folz BJ, Wulf H, Geldner G. Intravenous anesthesia provides optimal surgical conditions during microscopic and endoscopic sinus surgery. Laryngoscope. 2003 Aug;113(8):1369-73. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200308000-00019.
• Background Ankichetty SP, Ponniah M, Cherian V, Thomas S, Kumar K, Jeslin L, Jeyasheela K, Malhotra N. Comparison of total intravenous anesthesia using propofol and inhalational anesthesia using isoflurane for controlled hypotension in functional endoscopic sinus surgery. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Jul;27(3):328-32. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.83675.
• Background Degoute CS, Ray MJ, Manchon M, Dubreuil C, Banssillon V. Remifentanil and controlled hypotension; comparison with nitroprusside or esmolol during tympanoplasty. Can J Anaesth. 2001 Jan;48(1):20-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03019809.
• Background Tobias JD. Controlled hypotension in children: a critical review of available agents. Paediatr Drugs. 2002;4(7):439-53. doi: 10.2165/00128072-200204070-00003.
• Background Degoute CS. Controlled hypotension: a guide to drug choice. Drugs. 2007;67(7):1053-76. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200767070-00007.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.