Protocolized Initiation of Clonidine to Prevent Dexmedetomidine Withdrawal

Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if the protocolized use of clonidine will reduce dexmedetomidine withdrawal symptoms, reduce PICU length of stay, and reduce costs related to sedation during hospital admission.

Timeline

Start

2022-10-08

Primary completion

2024-02-15

Completion

2024-02-15

Publications

• Background Berkenbosch JW. Dexmedetomidine and pediatric (cardiac) critical care--are we there yet? Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2010 Jan;11(1):148-9. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e3181bc57c0. No abstract available.
• Background Berrens ZJ, Sauro AL, Tillman EM. Prevention of Withdrawal in Pediatric Patients Receiving Long-term Dexmedetomidine Infusions. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2021;26(1):81-86. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-26.1.81. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
• Background Bhatt K, Thompson Quan A, Baumgartner L, Jia S, Croci R, Puntillo K, Ramsay J, Bouajram RH. Effects of a Clonidine Taper on Dexmedetomidine Use and Withdrawal in Adult Critically Ill Patients-A Pilot Study. Crit Care Explor. 2020 Nov 3;2(11):e0245. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000245. eCollection 2020 Nov.
• Background Curley MA, Harris SK, Fraser KA, Johnson RA, Arnold JH. State Behavioral Scale: a sedation assessment instrument for infants and young children supported on mechanical ventilation. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2006 Mar;7(2):107-14. doi: 10.1097/01.PCC.0000200955.40962.38.
• Background Darnell C, Steiner J, Szmuk P, Sheeran P. Withdrawal from multiple sedative agent therapy in an infant: is dexmedetomidine the cause or the cure? Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2010 Jan;11(1):e1-3. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e3181a66131.
• Background Franck LS, Harris SK, Soetenga DJ, Amling JK, Curley MA. The Withdrawal Assessment Tool-1 (WAT-1): an assessment instrument for monitoring opioid and benzodiazepine withdrawal symptoms in pediatric patients. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2008 Nov;9(6):573-80. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e31818c8328.
• Background Franck LS, Scoppettuolo LA, Wypij D, Curley MAQ. Validity and generalizability of the Withdrawal Assessment Tool-1 (WAT-1) for monitoring iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome in pediatric patients. Pain. 2012 Jan;153(1):142-148. doi: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.10.003. Epub 2011 Nov 16.
• Background Haenecour AS, Seto W, Urbain CM, Stephens D, Laussen PC, Balit CR. Prolonged Dexmedetomidine Infusion and Drug Withdrawal In Critically Ill Children. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Nov-Dec;22(6):453-460. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-22.6.453.
• Background Lardieri AB, Fusco NM, Simone S, Walker LK, Morgan JA, Parbuoni KA. Effects of Clonidine on Withdrawal From Long-term Dexmedetomidine in the Pediatric Patient. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Jan-Feb;20(1):45-53. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-20.1.45.
• Background Liu J, Miller J, Ferguson M, Bagwell S, Bourque J. The Impact of a Clonidine Transition Protocol on Dexmedetomidine Withdrawal in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2020;25(4):278-287. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-25.4.278.
• Background Nguyen TL, Lam WM, Orr H, Gulbis B, Mauricio R, Tom E, Modem VM, Coronado-Munoz A. Clonidine for the Treatment of Agitation After Dexmedetomidine Discontinuation in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2021;26(8):821-827. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-26.8.821. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
• Background Shutes BL, Gee SW, Sargel CL, Fink KA, Tobias JD. Dexmedetomidine as Single Continuous Sedative During Noninvasive Ventilation: Typical Usage, Hemodynamic Effects, and Withdrawal. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2018 Apr;19(4):287-297. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000001451.
• Background Thompson RZ, Gardner BM, Autry EB, Day SB, Krishna AS. Survey of the Current Use of Dexmedetomidine and Management of Withdrawal Symptoms in Critically Ill Children. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Jan-Feb;24(1):16-21. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-24.1.16.
• Background Traube C, Silver G, Kearney J, Patel A, Atkinson TM, Yoon MJ, Halpert S, Augenstein J, Sickles LE, Li C, Greenwald B. Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium: a valid, rapid, observational tool for screening delirium in the PICU*. Crit Care Med. 2014 Mar;42(3):656-63. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182a66b76.
• Background Weber MD, Thammasitboon S, Rosen DA. Acute discontinuation syndrome from dexmedetomidine after protracted use in a pediatric patient. Paediatr Anaesth. 2008 Jan;18(1):87-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2007.02377.x. No abstract available.
• Background Lee MM, Caylor K, Gockenbach N. Evaluating the Transition From Dexmedetomidine to Clonidine for the Prevention of Withdrawal in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2020;25(2):104-110. doi: 10.5863/1551-6776-25.2.104.
• Background Miller JL, Allen C, Johnson PN. Neurologic withdrawal symptoms following abrupt discontinuation of a prolonged dexmedetomidine infusion in a child. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Jan;15(1):38-42.

Drugs

Indications