Coenzyme Q10 in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patients

Summary

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatological disorder in childhood of unknown cause and a major cause of functional disability. Standard JIA treatment including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, methotrexate, and biological agents have considerable adverse effects in addition to their high cost. Despite the success of these treatment approaches, patients may still have active disease with other sequelae from chronic inflammation and considerable morbidity that may negatively impact patients' quality of life. Therefore, evaluating the potential benefit of alternative add-on anti-inflammatories and antioxidants might be a promising area for further research. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a natural mitochondrial electron carrier and a powerful lipophilic antioxidant located in almost all cell membranes and plasma lipoproteins. Several preclinical studies in animal models as well as clinical trials in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have demonstrated the beneficial effects of CoQ10. Results show that CoQ10 can reduce the oxidative and inflammatory status as well as clinical features that characterize this systemic autoimmune disease. Also, CoQ10 has been used safely in children before and was well tolerated. Thus, the investigators would like to evaluate the effect of CoQ10 oral supplementation in pediatric JIA patients.

Timeline

Start

2023-05-01

Primary completion

2023-12

Completion

2023-12

Publications

• Background Prakken B, Albani S, Martini A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Lancet. 2011 Jun 18;377(9783):2138-49. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60244-4.
• Background Giancane G, Consolaro A, Lanni S, Davi S, Schiappapietra B, Ravelli A. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Diagnosis and Treatment. Rheumatol Ther. 2016 Dec;3(2):187-207. doi: 10.1007/s40744-016-0040-4. Epub 2016 Aug 12.
• Background Zaripova LN, Midgley A, Christmas SE, Beresford MW, Baildam EM, Oldershaw RA. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: from aetiopathogenesis to therapeutic approaches. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2021 Aug 23;19(1):135. doi: 10.1186/s12969-021-00629-8.
• Background Ringold S, Angeles-Han ST, Beukelman T, Lovell D, Cuello CA, Becker ML, Colbert RA, Feldman BM, Ferguson PJ, Gewanter H, Guzman J, Horonjeff J, Nigrovic PA, Ombrello MJ, Passo MH, Stoll ML, Rabinovich CE, Schneider R, Halyabar O, Hays K, Shah AA, Sullivan N, Szymanski AM, Turgunbaev M, Turner A, Reston J. 2019 American College of Rheumatology/Arthritis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Therapeutic Approaches for Non-Systemic Polyarthritis, Sacroiliitis, and Enthesitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019 Jun;71(6):717-734. doi: 10.1002/acr.23870. Epub 2019 Apr 25.
• Background Petty RE, Southwood TR, Manners P, Baum J, Glass DN, Goldenberg J, He X, Maldonado-Cocco J, Orozco-Alcala J, Prieur AM, Suarez-Almazor ME, Woo P; International League of Associations for Rheumatology. International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: second revision, Edmonton, 2001. J Rheumatol. 2004 Feb;31(2):390-2. No abstract available.
• Background Bentinger M, Tekle M, Dallner G. Coenzyme Q--biosynthesis and functions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 May 21;396(1):74-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.147.
• Background Lopez-Pedrera C, Villalba JM, Patino-Trives AM, Luque-Tevar M, Barbarroja N, Aguirre MA, Escudero-Contreras A, Perez-Sanchez C. Therapeutic Potential and Immunomodulatory Role of Coenzyme Q10 and Its Analogues in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Apr 13;10(4):600. doi: 10.3390/antiox10040600.
• Background Jhun J, Moon J, Ryu J, Shin Y, Lee S, Cho KH, Kang T, Cho ML, Park SH. Liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticle encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10) suppressed rheumatoid arthritis via STAT3/Th17 targeting. PLoS One. 2020 Nov 6;15(11):e0241080. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241080. eCollection 2020.
• Background Jhun J, Lee S, Kim SY, Na HS, Kim EK, Kim JK, Jeong JH, Park SH, Cho ML. Combination therapy with metformin and coenzyme Q10 in murine experimental autoimmune arthritis. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2016;38(2):103-12. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2015.1122619. Epub 2015 Dec 17.
• Background Bauerova K, Paulovicova E, Mihalova D, Drafi F, Strosova M, Mascia C, Biasi F, Rovensky J, Kucharska J, Gvozdjakova A, Ponist S. Combined methotrexate and coenzyme Q(1)(0) therapy in adjuvant-induced arthritis evaluated using parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress. Acta Biochim Pol. 2010;57(3):347-54. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
• Background Tawfik MK. Combination of coenzyme Q10 with methotrexate suppresses Freund's complete adjuvant-induced synovial inflammation with reduced hepatotoxicity in rats: Effect on oxidative stress and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol. 2015 Jan;24(1):80-7. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.11.018. Epub 2014 Dec 3.
• Background Nachvak SM, Alipour B, Mahdavi AM, Aghdashi MA, Abdollahzad H, Pasdar Y, Samadi M, Mostafai R. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on matrix metalloproteinases and DAS-28 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Clin Rheumatol. 2019 Dec;38(12):3367-3374. doi: 10.1007/s10067-019-04723-x. Epub 2019 Aug 7.
• Background Abdollahzad H, Aghdashi MA, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Alipour B. Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Inflammatory Cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6) and Oxidative Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Med Res. 2015 Oct;46(7):527-33. doi: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2015.08.006. Epub 2015 Sep 3.
• Background World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA. 2013 Nov 27;310(20):2191-4. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.281053. No abstract available.
• Background Miyamae T, Seki M, Naga T, Uchino S, Asazuma H, Yoshida T, Iizuka Y, Kikuchi M, Imagawa T, Natsumeda Y, Yokota S, Yamamoto Y. Increased oxidative stress and coenzyme Q10 deficiency in juvenile fibromyalgia: amelioration of hypercholesterolemia and fatigue by ubiquinol-10 supplementation. Redox Rep. 2013;18(1):12-9. doi: 10.1179/1351000212Y.0000000036.
• Background Consolaro A, Negro G, Chiara Gallo M, Bracciolini G, Ferrari C, Schiappapietra B, Pistorio A, Bovis F, Ruperto N, Martini A, Ravelli A. Defining criteria for disease activity states in nonsystemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis based on a three-variable juvenile arthritis disease activity score. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2014 Nov;66(11):1703-9. doi: 10.1002/acr.22393.
• Background Consolaro A, Ruperto N, Bazso A, Pistorio A, Magni-Manzoni S, Filocamo G, Malattia C, Viola S, Martini A, Ravelli A; Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation. Development and validation of a composite disease activity score for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009 May 15;61(5):658-66. doi: 10.1002/art.24516.
• Background Singh G, Athreya BH, Fries JF, Goldsmith DP. Measurement of health status in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1994 Dec;37(12):1761-9. doi: 10.1002/art.1780371209.
• Background el Miedany YM, Youssef SS, el Gaafary M. Cross cultural adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire for measuring functional status in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2003 May-Jun;21(3):387-93.
• Elsherif N, Shousha G, Sabri NA, Shawki MA. Promising efficacy of coenzyme Q10 supplementation as adjunctive therapy in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a randomized-controlled pilot study. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2026 Jun;48(3):388-395. doi: 10.1080/08923973.2026.2657954. Epub 2026 Apr 15.

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