Study of Heart and Renal Protection

Summary

The chief aim of SHARP was to determine whether lowering blood LDL cholesterol with simvastatin (20mg) plus ezetimibe (10mg) daily could safely reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, non-hemorrhagic stroke and the need for revascularization procedures in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It also aimed to assess whether lowering LDL cholesterol reduced the rate of loss of renal function in people with CKD who had not commenced dialysis treatment.

Timeline

Start

2003-06

Primary completion

2010-08

Completion

2010-08

Outcome

Met primary endpoint

registry analysis (superiority or other test); Simvastatin Plus Ezetimibe vs Placebo; p = 0.0021; Risk Ratio (RR) 0.83 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.94); Log Rank NCT00125593 ↗

Publications

• Background Baigent C, Landray M, Leaper C, Altmann P, Armitage J, Baxter A, Cairns HS, Collins R, Foley RN, Frighi V, Kourellias K, Ratcliffe PJ, Rogerson M, Scoble JE, Tomson CR, Warwick G, Wheeler DC. First United Kingdom Heart and Renal Protection (UK-HARP-I) study: biochemical efficacy and safety of simvastatin and safety of low-dose aspirin in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005 Mar;45(3):473-84. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.11.015.
• Background Landray M, Baigent C, Leaper C, Adu D, Altmann P, Armitage J, Ball S, Baxter A, Blackwell L, Cairns HS, Carr S, Collins R, Kourellias K, Rogerson M, Scoble JE, Tomson CR, Warwick G, Wheeler DC. The second United Kingdom Heart and Renal Protection (UK-HARP-II) Study: a randomized controlled study of the biochemical safety and efficacy of adding ezetimibe to simvastatin as initial therapy among patients with CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006 Mar;47(3):385-95. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2005.11.018.
• Background Sharp Collaborative Group. Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP): randomized trial to assess the effects of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol among 9,438 patients with chronic kidney disease. Am Heart J. 2010 Nov;160(5):785-794.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2010.08.012. Epub 2010 Sep 18.
• Results Baigent C, Landray MJ, Reith C, Emberson J, Wheeler DC, Tomson C, Wanner C, Krane V, Cass A, Craig J, Neal B, Jiang L, Hooi LS, Levin A, Agodoa L, Gaziano M, Kasiske B, Walker R, Massy ZA, Feldt-Rasmussen B, Krairittichai U, Ophascharoensuk V, Fellstrom B, Holdaas H, Tesar V, Wiecek A, Grobbee D, de Zeeuw D, Gronhagen-Riska C, Dasgupta T, Lewis D, Herrington W, Mafham M, Majoni W, Wallendszus K, Grimm R, Pedersen T, Tobert J, Armitage J, Baxter A, Bray C, Chen Y, Chen Z, Hill M, Knott C, Parish S, Simpson D, Sleight P, Young A, Collins R; SHARP Investigators. The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin plus ezetimibe in patients with chronic kidney disease (Study of Heart and Renal Protection): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2011 Jun 25;377(9784):2181-92. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60739-3. Epub 2011 Jun 12.
• Tunnicliffe DJ, Palmer SC, Cashmore BA, Saglimbene VM, Krishnasamy R, Lambert K, Johnson DW, Craig JC, Strippoli GF. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Nov 29;11(11):CD007784. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007784.pub3.
• Sukkar L, Talbot B, Jun M, Dempsey E, Walker R, Hooi L, Cass A, Jardine M, Gallagher M. Protocol for the Study of Heart and Renal Protection-Extended Review: Additional 5-Year Follow-up of the Australian, New Zealand, and Malaysian SHARP Cohort. Can J Kidney Health Dis. 2019 Oct 14;6:2054358119879896. doi: 10.1177/2054358119879896. eCollection 2019.
• Schlackow I, Kent S, Herrington W, Emberson J, Haynes R, Reith C, Collins R, Landray MJ, Gray A, Baigent C, Mihaylova B; SHARP Collaborative Group. Cost-effectiveness of lipid lowering with statins and ezetimibe in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2019 Jul;96(1):170-179. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.01.028. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
• Schlackow I, Kent S, Herrington W, Emberson J, Haynes R, Reith C, Wanner C, Fellstrom B, Gray A, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Mihaylova B; SHARP Collaborative Group. A policy model of cardiovascular disease in moderate-to-advanced chronic kidney disease. Heart. 2017 Dec;103(23):1880-1890. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-310970. Epub 2017 Aug 5.
• Reith C, Staplin N, Herrington WG, Stevens W, Emberson J, Haynes R, Mafham M, Armitage J, Cass A, Craig JC, Jiang L, Pedersen T, Baigent C, Landray MJ; SHARP Collaborative Group. Effect on non-vascular outcomes of lowering LDL cholesterol in patients with chronic kidney disease: results from the Study of Heart and Renal Protection. BMC Nephrol. 2017 May 1;18(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s12882-017-0545-2.
• Herrington W, Staplin N, Judge PK, Mafham M, Emberson J, Haynes R, Wheeler DC, Walker R, Tomson C, Agodoa L, Wiecek A, Lewington S, Reith CA, Landray MJ, Baigent C; SHARP Collaborative Group. Evidence for Reverse Causality in the Association Between Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease. Hypertension. 2017 Feb;69(2):314-322. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08386. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
• Morton RL, Schlackow I, Staplin N, Gray A, Cass A, Haynes R, Emberson J, Herrington W, Landray MJ, Baigent C, Mihaylova B; SHARP Collaborative Group. Impact of Educational Attainment on Health Outcomes in Moderate to Severe CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2016 Jan;67(1):31-9. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.07.021. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
• Peto R, Emberson J, Landray M, Baigent C, Collins R, Clare R, Califf R. Analyses of cancer data from three ezetimibe trials. N Engl J Med. 2008 Sep 25;359(13):1357-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa0806603. Epub 2008 Sep 2.

Drugs

Indications