Optimizing Treatment for Treatment-Experienced, HIV-Infected People

Summary

The goal of anti-HIV therapy is to prevent HIV from replicating. Long-term control of HIV requires at least two anti-HIV drugs that are active against the virus. Drug resistance is a problem for many treatment-experienced, HIV-infected people. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefit of adding a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) to a new anti-HIV drug regimen for the suppression of HIV.

Timeline

Start

2008-01

Primary completion

2012-05

Completion

2013-04

Outcome

Met primary endpoint

paper The cumulative probability of regimen failure was 29.8% in the omit-NRTIs group versus 25.9% in the add-NRTIs group (difference, 3.2 percentage points [95% CI, -6.1 to 12.5 percentage points]). PMID 26595748 ↗

Publications

• Background Altmann A, Beerenwinkel N, Sing T, Savenkov I, Doumer M, Kaiser R, Rhee SY, Fessel WJ, Shafer RW, Lengauer T. Improved prediction of response to antiretroviral combination therapy using the genetic barrier to drug resistance. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(2):169-78. doi: 10.1177/135965350701200202.
• Background Eshleman SH, Husnik M, Hudelson S, Donnell D, Huang Y, Huang W, Hart S, Jackson B, Coates T, Chesney M, Koblin B. Antiretroviral drug resistance, HIV-1 tropism, and HIV-1 subtype among men who have sex with men with recent HIV-1 infection. AIDS. 2007 May 31;21(9):1165-74. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32810fd72e.
• Background Geretti AM. Clinical implications of HIV drug resistance to nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors. AIDS Rev. 2006 Oct-Dec;8(4):210-20.
• Background Mallolas J, Blanco J, Labarga P, Vergara A, Ocampo A, Sarasa M, Arnedo M, Lopez-Pua Y, Garcia J, Juega J, Guelar A, Terron A, Dalmau D, Garcia I, Zarraga M, Martinez E, Carne X, Pumarola T, Escayola R, Gatell J. Inhibitory quotient as a prognostic factor of response to a salvage antiretroviral therapy containing ritonavir-boosted saquinavir. The CIVSA Study. HIV Med. 2007 May;8(4):226-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2007.00464.x.
• Gandhi RT, Tashima KT, Smeaton LM, Vu V, Ritz J, Andrade A, Eron JJ, Hogg E, Fichtenbaum CJ. Long-term Outcomes in a Large Randomized Trial of HIV-1 Salvage Therapy: 96-Week Results of AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5241 (OPTIONS). J Infect Dis. 2020 Apr 7;221(9):1407-1415. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz281.
• Tashima KT, Smeaton LM, Fichtenbaum CJ, Andrade A, Eron JJ, Gandhi RT, Johnson VA, Klingman KL, Ritz J, Hodder S, Santana JL, Wilkin T, Haubrich RH; A5241 Study Team. HIV Salvage Therapy Does Not Require Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Dec 15;163(12):908-17. doi: 10.7326/M15-0949. Epub 2015 Nov 24.

Drugs

Indications