Effect of Ezetimibe or Simvastatin or Both on Low Densitiy Lipoprotein -Subfractions in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Summary

It is of interest how ezetimibe alone or in combination with statin may influence atherogenic dense Low Density Lipoprotein (dLDL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The primary objective of this study will be whether there is a change of the concentrations of Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) in dLDL from baseline in each of the 3 treatment groups.

Timeline

Start

2007-11

Primary completion

2010-05

Completion

2010-06

Publications

• Background Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, Pyorala K, Laakso M. Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1998 Jul 23;339(4):229-34. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199807233390404.
• Background Reaven GM, Chen YD, Jeppesen J, Maheux P, Krauss RM. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in individuals with small, dense low density lipoprotein particles. J Clin Invest. 1993 Jul;92(1):141-6. doi: 10.1172/JCI116541.
• Background Austin MA, Edwards KL. Small, dense low density lipoproteins, the insulin resistance syndrome and noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Curr Opin Lipidol. 1996 Jun;7(3):167-71. doi: 10.1097/00041433-199606000-00010.
• Background Winkler K, Abletshauser C, Hoffmann MM, Friedrich I, Baumstark MW, Wieland H, Marz W. Effect of fluvastatin slow-release on low density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: baseline LDL profile determines specific mode of action. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Dec;87(12):5485-90. doi: 10.1210/jc.2002-020370.
• Background Austin MA, King MC, Vranizan KM, Krauss RM. Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. A proposed genetic marker for coronary heart disease risk. Circulation. 1990 Aug;82(2):495-506. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.82.2.495.
• Background Nigon F, Lesnik P, Rouis M, Chapman MJ. Discrete subspecies of human low density lipoproteins are heterogeneous in their interaction with the cellular LDL receptor. J Lipid Res. 1991 Nov;32(11):1741-53.
• Background Dejager S, Bruckert E, Chapman MJ. Dense low density lipoprotein subspecies with diminished oxidative resistance predominate in combined hyperlipidemia. J Lipid Res. 1993 Feb;34(2):295-308.
• Background Anber V, Griffin BA, McConnell M, Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Influence of plasma lipid and LDL-subfraction profile on the interaction between low density lipoprotein with human arterial wall proteoglycans. Atherosclerosis. 1996 Aug 2;124(2):261-71. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(96)05842-x.
• Background Nordestgaard BG, Nielsen LB. Atherosclerosis and arterial influx of lipoproteins. Curr Opin Lipidol. 1994 Aug;5(4):252-7. doi: 10.1097/00041433-199408000-00002.
• Background Griffin BA, Freeman DJ, Tait GW, Thomson J, Caslake MJ, Packard CJ, Shepherd J. Role of plasma triglyceride in the regulation of plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions: relative contribution of small, dense LDL to coronary heart disease risk. Atherosclerosis. 1994 Apr;106(2):241-53. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(94)90129-5.
• Background Gardner CD, Fortmann SP, Krauss RM. Association of small low-density lipoprotein particles with the incidence of coronary artery disease in men and women. JAMA. 1996 Sep 18;276(11):875-81.
• Background Stampfer MJ, Krauss RM, Ma J, Blanche PJ, Holl LG, Sacks FM, Hennekens CH. A prospective study of triglyceride level, low-density lipoprotein particle diameter, and risk of myocardial infarction. JAMA. 1996 Sep 18;276(11):882-8.
• Background Lamarche B, Tchernof A, Moorjani S, Cantin B, Dagenais GR, Lupien PJ, Despres JP. Small, dense low-density lipoprotein particles as a predictor of the risk of ischemic heart disease in men. Prospective results from the Quebec Cardiovascular Study. Circulation. 1997 Jan 7;95(1):69-75. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.95.1.69.
• Background Berneis KK, Krauss RM. Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity. J Lipid Res. 2002 Sep;43(9):1363-79. doi: 10.1194/jlr.r200004-jlr200.
• Background Blake GJ, Otvos JD, Rifai N, Ridker PM. Low-density lipoprotein particle concentration and size as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as predictors of cardiovascular disease in women. Circulation. 2002 Oct 8;106(15):1930-7. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000033222.75187.b9.
• Background ALTSCHUL R, HOFFER A, STEPHEN JD. Influence of nicotinic acid on serum cholesterol in man. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1955 Feb;54(2):558-9. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(55)90070-9. No abstract available.
• Background Charman RC, Matthews LB, Braeuler C. Nicotinic acid in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. A long term study. Angiology. 1972 Jan;23(1):29-35. doi: 10.1177/000331977202300105. No abstract available.
• Background DiPalma JR, Thayer WS. Use of niacin as a drug. Annu Rev Nutr. 1991;11:169-87. doi: 10.1146/annurev.nu.11.070191.001125. No abstract available.
• Background Winkler K, Weltzien P, Friedrich I, Schmitz H, Nickell HH, Hauck P, Hoffmann MM, Baumstark MW, Wieland H, Marz W. Qualitative effect of fenofibrate and quantitative effect of atorvastatin on LDL profile in combined hyperlipidemia with dense LDL. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2004 May;112(5):241-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-817970.
• Background Winkler K, Friedrich I, Baumstark MW, Wieland H, März W 2002 Pioglitazone reduces atherogenic dense low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis 2:143-148
• Background Winkler K, Konrad T, Fullert S, Friedrich I, Destani R, Baumstark MW, Krebs K, Wieland H, Marz W. Pioglitazone reduces atherogenic dense LDL particles in nondiabetic patients with arterial hypertension: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Diabetes Care. 2003 Sep;26(9):2588-94. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.9.2588.
• Winkler K, Jacob S, Muller-Schewe T, Hoffmann MM, Konrad T. Ezetimibe alone and in combination lowers the concentration of small, dense low-density lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerosis. 2012 Jan;220(1):189-93. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.10.043. Epub 2011 Nov 9.

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