Etomidate vs. Midazolam for Sedation During ERCP

Summary

Recently up-coming drug, etomidate which is a modulator of GABA(gamma-Aminobutyric acid)-A receptor has been known that it maintains the appropriate sedative levels and affects little effects on respiratory system. The investigators are now trying to investigate that etomidate with meperidine combination regimen is superior to the midazolam with meperidine more effective and less harm on sedation during the ERCP procedure.

Timeline

Start

2013-04

Primary completion

2013-08

Completion

2013-08

Publications

• Background Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy; Lichtenstein DR, Jagannath S, Baron TH, Anderson MA, Banerjee S, Dominitz JA, Fanelli RD, Gan SI, Harrison ME, Ikenberry SO, Shen B, Stewart L, Khan K, Vargo JJ. Sedation and anesthesia in GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2008 Nov;68(5):815-26. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2008.09.029. No abstract available.
• Background Yamazaki N, Ogawa K. [Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH)]. Kokyu To Junkan. 1976 Nov;24(11):949-55. No abstract available. Japanese.
• Background Bell GD. Review article: premedication and intravenous sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1990 Apr;4(2):103-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.1990.tb00455.x.
• Background Galletly D, Forrest P, Purdie G. Comparison of the recovery characteristics of diazepam and midazolam. Br J Anaesth. 1988 Apr;60(5):520-4. doi: 10.1093/bja/60.5.520.
• Background Yuksel O, Parlak E, Koklu S, Ertugrul I, Tunc B, Sahin B. Conscious sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: midazolam or midazolam plus meperidine? Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Nov;19(11):1002-6. doi: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3282cf5167.
• Background Radaelli F, Meucci G, Terruzzi V, Spinzi G, Imperiali G, Strocchi E, Lenoci N, Terreni N, Mandelli G, Minoli G. Single bolus of midazolam versus bolus midazolam plus meperidine for colonoscopy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003 Mar;57(3):329-35. doi: 10.1067/mge.2003.104.
• Background Reimann FM, Samson U, Derad I, Fuchs M, Schiefer B, Stange EF. Synergistic sedation with low-dose midazolam and propofol for colonoscopies. Endoscopy. 2000 Mar;32(3):239-44. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-134.
• Background Sipe BW, Rex DK, Latinovich D, Overley C, Kinser K, Bratcher L, Kareken D. Propofol versus midazolam/meperidine for outpatient colonoscopy: administration by nurses supervised by endoscopists. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002 Jun;55(7):815-25. doi: 10.1067/mge.2002.124636.
• Background Riker RR, Shehabi Y, Bokesch PM, Ceraso D, Wisemandle W, Koura F, Whitten P, Margolis BD, Byrne DW, Ely EW, Rocha MG; SEDCOM (Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Compared With Midazolam) Study Group. Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for sedation of critically ill patients: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2009 Feb 4;301(5):489-99. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.56. Epub 2009 Feb 2.
• Background Jung M, Hofmann C, Kiesslich R, Brackertz A. Improved sedation in diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP: propofol is an alternative to midazolam. Endoscopy. 2000 Mar;32(3):233-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2000-96.
• Background Falk J, Zed PJ. Etomidate for procedural sedation in the emergency department. Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Jul-Aug;38(7-8):1272-7. doi: 10.1345/aph.1E008. Epub 2004 Jun 1.
• Background Hunt GS, Spencer MT, Hays DP. Etomidate and midazolam for procedural sedation: prospective, randomized trial. Am J Emerg Med. 2005 May;23(3):299-303. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2005.02.042.
• Background Denny MA, Manson R, Della-Giustina D. Propofol and Etomidate are Safe for Deep Sedation in the Emergency Department. West J Emerg Med. 2011 Nov;12(4):399-403. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2011.5.2099.
• Background Miner JR, Martel ML, Meyer M, Reardon R, Biros MH. Procedural sedation of critically ill patients in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med. 2005 Feb;12(2):124-8. doi: 10.1197/j.aem.2004.08.054.
• Background Ruth WJ, Burton JH, Bock AJ. Intravenous etomidate for procedural sedation in emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Jan;8(1):13-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb00539.x.
• Background Mandt MJ, Roback MG, Bajaj L, Galinkin JL, Gao D, Wathen JE. Etomidate for short pediatric procedures in the emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2012 Sep;28(9):898-904. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e318267c768.
• Background Terui T, Inomata M. Administration of additional analgesics can decrease the incidence of paradoxical reactions in patients under benzodiazepine-induced sedation during endoscopic transpapillary procedures: prospective randomized controlled trial. Dig Endosc. 2013 Jan;25(1):53-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1443-1661.2012.01325.x. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
• Background Honan VJ. Paradoxical reaction to midazolam and control with flumazenil. Gastrointest Endosc. 1994 Jan-Feb;40(1):86-8. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(94)70020-6. No abstract available.
• Background Ladas SD, Aabakken L, Rey JF, Nowak A, Zakaria S, Adamonis K, Amrani N, Bergman JJ, Boix Valverde J, Boyacioglu S, Cremers I, Crowe J, Deprez P, Dite P, Eisen M, Eliakim R, Fedorov ED, Galkova Z, Gyokeres T, Heuss LT, Husic-Selimovic A, Khediri F, Kuznetsov K, Marek T, Munoz-Navas M, Napoleon B, Niemela S, Pascu O, Perisic N, Pulanic R, Ricci E, Schreiber F, Svendsen LB, Sweidan W, Sylvan A, Teague R, Tryfonos M, Urbain D, Weber J, Zavoral M; European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Survey of National Endoscopy Society Members. Use of sedation for routine diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Survey of National Endoscopy Society Members. Digestion. 2006;74(2):69-77. doi: 10.1159/000097466. Epub 2006 Nov 27.
• Background Cohen LB, Wecsler JS, Gaetano JN, Benson AA, Miller KM, Durkalski V, Aisenberg J. Endoscopic sedation in the United States: results from a nationwide survey. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 May;101(5):967-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00500.x.
• Background Riphaus A, Rabofski M, Wehrmann T. Endoscopic sedation and monitoring practice in Germany: results from the first nationwide survey. Z Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;48(3):392-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1109765. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
• Background Fanti L, Agostoni M, Casati A, Guslandi M, Giollo P, Torri G, Testoni PA. Target-controlled propofol infusion during monitored anesthesia in patients undergoing ERCP. Gastrointest Endosc. 2004 Sep;60(3):361-6. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(04)01713-4.
• Background Chen WX, Lin HJ, Zhang WF, Gu Q, Zhong XQ, Yu CH, Li YM, Gu ZY. Sedation and safety of propofol for therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2005 Aug;4(3):437-40.
• Background Kongkam P, Rerknimitr R, Punyathavorn S, Sitthi-Amorn C, Ponauthai Y, Prempracha N, Kullavanijaya P. Propofol infusion versus intermittent meperidine and midazolam injection for conscious sedation in ERCP. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2008 Sep;17(3):291-7.
• Background Carrasco G. Instruments for monitoring intensive care unit sedation. Crit Care. 2000;4(4):217-25. doi: 10.1186/cc697. Epub 2000 Jul 13.
• Background Frade Mera MJ, Guirao Moya A, Esteban Sanchez ME, Rivera Alvarez J, Cruz Ramos AM, Bretones Chorro B, Vinas Sanchez S, Jacue Izquierdo S, Montane Lopez M. [Analysis of 4 sedation rating scales in the critical patient]. Enferm Intensiva. 2009 Jul-Sep;20(3):88-94. doi: 10.1016/s1130-2399(09)72588-x. Spanish.

Drugs

Indications