Pomalidomide-Cyclophosphamide-Dexamethasone (PCD) Versus Pomalidomide-Dexamethasone (PD) in Relapse or Refractory Myeloma

Summary

Myeloma patients who relapse after prior treatment with bortezomib and lenalidomide have survival of less than 1 year. Recently, a randomized study of Pomalidomide and dexamethasone conducted in compared with placebo and dexamethasone showed that pomalidomide can improve survival of this group of patients. As a result, pomalidomide is now approved by the FDA and EMA for use in patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma previously treated with bortezomib and lenalidomide. We have conducted a study using Pomalidomide plus Dexamethasone (PD) in Asian patients, which showed good efficacy and safety profile. More important for patients with suboptimal response to PD will achieve a clinically meaningful response with the addition of oral cyclophosphamide (PCD). In the United States, a small randomised phase 2 study of PCD versus PD showed that PCD have a higher response rates, produce deeper response and correspondingly longer progression free survival. There is till date no randomised phase 3 study between these regimens. This will be important to determine what is the best combination including pomalidomide for use in relapse myeloma.

Timeline

Start

2017-09-13

Primary completion

2018-06-01

Completion

2022-06-01

Publications

• Background Miguel JS, Weisel K, Moreau P, Lacy M, Song K, Delforge M, Karlin L, Goldschmidt H, Banos A, Oriol A, Alegre A, Chen C, Cavo M, Garderet L, Ivanova V, Martinez-Lopez J, Belch A, Palumbo A, Schey S, Sonneveld P, Yu X, Sternas L, Jacques C, Zaki M, Dimopoulos M. Pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone versus high-dose dexamethasone alone for patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM-003): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 Oct;14(11):1055-1066. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70380-2. Epub 2013 Sep 3.
• Background Larocca A, Montefusco V, Bringhen S, Rossi D, Crippa C, Mina R, Galli M, Marcatti M, La Verde G, Giuliani N, Magarotto V, Guglielmelli T, Rota-Scalabrini D, Omede P, Santagostino A, Baldi I, Carella AM, Boccadoro M, Corradini P, Palumbo A. Pomalidomide, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a multicenter phase 1/2 open-label study. Blood. 2013 Oct 17;122(16):2799-806. doi: 10.1182/blood-2013-03-488676. Epub 2013 Aug 16.
• Kim JS, Song Y, Jen WY, Chim CS, Lee JJ, Yoon SS, Ng SC, Gan GG, Handa H, Lee JH, Kim K, Ito S, Huang JS, Min CK, Ooi Gaik Ming M, de Mel S, Soekojo C, Li X, Awasthi N, Pokharkar Y, Durie BG, Chng WJ. Randomized Phase 3 study of pomalidomide cyclophosphamide dexamethasone versus pomalidomide dexamethasone in relapse or refractory myeloma: an Asian Myeloma Network study (AMN003). Blood Cancer J. 2025 Oct 6;15(1):155. doi: 10.1038/s41408-025-01356-z.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.