Pre-operative Aqueous Antiseptic Skin Solutions in Open Fractures

Summary

The prevention of infection is the single most important goal influencing peri-operative care of patients with open fractures. Standard practice in the management of open fractures includes sterile technique and pre-operative skin preparation with an antiseptic solution. The available solutions kill bacteria and decrease the quantity of native skin flora, thereby decreasing surgical site infection (SSI). While there is extensive guidance on specific procedures for prophylactic antibiotic use and standards for sterile technique, the evidence regarding the choice of antiseptic skin preparation solution is very limited for open fracture surgery.

Timeline

Start

2018-04-08

Primary completion

2021-10-19

Completion

2022-06-27

Outcome

Missed primary endpoint

paper a surgical site infection occurred in 59 (7%) of 787 participants in the povidone-iodine group and 58 (7%) PMID 36244384 ↗

paper odds ratio 1·11, 95% CI 0·74 to 1·65; p=0·61 PMID 36244384 ↗

Publications

• Background O'Hara NN, Heels-Ansdell D, Bzovsky S, Dodds S, Thabane L, Bhandari M, Guyatt G, Devereaux PJ, Slobogean GP, Sprague S; PREP-IT Investigators. A pragmatic randomized trial evaluating pre-operative aqueous antiseptic skin solutions in open fractures (Aqueous-PREP): statistical analysis plan. Trials. 2022 Sep 12;23(1):772. doi: 10.1186/s13063-022-06541-0.
• PREP-IT Investigators. Aqueous skin antisepsis before surgical fixation of open fractures (Aqueous-PREP): a multiple-period, cluster-randomised, crossover trial. Lancet. 2022 Oct 15;400(10360):1334-1344. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01652-X.
• Sprague S, Guyatt P, Bzovsky S, Nguyen U, Bhandari M, Thabane L, Petrisor B, Johal HS, Leonard J, Dodds S, Mossuto F, O'Toole RV, Howe A, Demyanovich HK, Camara M, O'Hara NN, Slobogean GP; PREP-IT Investigators. Pragmatic randomized trial evaluating pre-operative aqueous antiseptic skin solution in open fractures (Aqueous-PREP): the feasibility of a cluster randomized crossover study. Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2021 Mar 1;7(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s40814-021-00800-8.
• Sprague S, Scott T, Dodds S, Pogorzelski D, McKay P, Harris AD, Wood A, Thabane L, Bhandari M, Mehta S, Gaski G, Boulton C, Marcano-Fernandez F, Guerra-Farfan E, Hebden J, O'Hara LM, Slobogean GP; PREP-IT Investigators. Cluster identification, selection, and description in cluster randomized crossover trials: the PREP-IT trials. Trials. 2020 Aug 12;21(1):712. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04611-9.
• Program of Randomized Trials to Evaluate Pre-operative Antiseptic Skin Solutions in Orthopaedic Trauma (PREP-IT) Investigators; Slobogean GP, Sprague S, Wells J, Bhandari M, Rojas A, Garibaldi A, Wood A, Howe A, Harris AD, Petrisor BA, Mullins DC, Pogorzelski D, Marvel D, Heels-Ansdell D, Mossuto F, Grissom F, Del Fabbro G, Guyatt GH, Della Rocca GJ, Demyanovich HK, Gitajn IL, Palmer J, D'Alleyrand JC, Friedrich J, Rivera J, Hebden J, Rudnicki J, Fowler J, Jeray KJ, Thabane L, Marchand L, O'Hara LM, Joshi MG, Talbot M, Camara M, Szasz OP, O'Hara NN, McKay P, Devereaux PJ, O'Toole RV, Zura R, Morshed S, Dodds S, Li S, Tanner SL, Scott T, Nguyen U. Effectiveness of Iodophor vs Chlorhexidine Solutions for Surgical Site Infections and Unplanned Reoperations for Patients Who Underwent Fracture Repair: The PREP-IT Master Protocol. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Apr 1;3(4):e202215. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2215.

Drugs

Evaluation	Drug	Modality	Dose	Route
Subject	Chlorhexidine gluconate	Other / unclassified	4 %	Topical
Subject	Povidone-Iodine	Other / unclassified	10 %	Topical

Indications

No indication recorded.