Comparative Analysis of Intraoperative Effect Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl as an Adjuvant to Heavy Bupivacaine in Spinal Anaesthesia in Lower Limb Orthopedic Surgeries to Evaluate the Hemodynamic Stability and Onset and Duration of Motor Block of Using Intrathecal Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl

Summary

Spinal anesthesia is the most widely employed procedure for lower limb orthopedic operations, as it is very cost-effective and simple to apply. These advantages could be restricted because presently existing local anesthetic drugs had relatively short length of action. (1) Spinal anesthesia with 0.5% heavy bupivacaine (hyperbaric) is a common technique, still there was burden of its short duration of action. To overcome this issue, there was a continuous search for an ideal adjuvant.(2) Adjuvants were mostly added to local anesthetic drugs to increase their effectiveness, speedy onset, increase the period of the block, and reduce the local anesthetics dosage, thus reduction their adverse effects.(3) Such adjuvants had been beneficial in extension of analgesia along with initiation of movement though their related side effects.(4)

Timeline

Start

2025-07-01

Primary completion

2025-07-15

Completion

2025-12-25

Publications

• Results Gupta R, Verma R, Bogra J, Kohli M, Raman R, Kushwaha JK. A Comparative study of intrathecal dexmedetomidine and fentanyl as adjuvants to Bupivacaine. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Jul;27(3):339-43. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.83678.
• Results Rajasekaran S, Murugaih S, Anandan A, Ramalingam A. A comparative study of intrathecal clonidine VS dexmedetomidine in caesarean patients. Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia 2018;5(1):68-74.
• Results Sharma E, Gupta B, Verma RK, Devra V. Block characteristics of different doses of intrathecal dexmedetomidine when combined with low dose heavy bupivacaine for gynecological surgeries: a double blind, randomised comparative study. Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., 2017; 5(6D):2286-2294.
• Results Ahmed SA, Lotfy HA, Mostafa TAH. The effect of adding dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone to bupivacaine-fentanyl mixture in spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2024 Jan-Mar;40(1):82-89. doi: 10.4103/joacp.joacp_396_22. Epub 2024 Mar 14.
• Results Gupta A, Gupta KL, Yadav M. To evaluate the effect of addition of dexmedetomidine to hyperbaric bupivacaine intrathecally in infraumblical surgeries. International Journal of Contemporary Medical Research 2016;3(7):2136-2138.
• Results Kumar S, Choudhury B, Varikasuvu SR, Singh H, Kumar S, Lahon J, Saikia D. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Intrathecal Bupivacaine Compared to Placebo. Cureus. 2022 Dec 12;14(12):e32425. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32425. eCollection 2022 Dec.
• Results Reddy NG, Sekar RG, Ahmed CJ, Himabindu M, Mallika CH, Tejaswini PK. Intrathecal nalbuphine versus dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in spinal anaesthesia for lower limb and lower abdominal surgeries. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research 2023;14(2): 825-883.
• Results Zhang Y, Shan Z, Kuang L, Xu Y, Xiu H, Wen J, Xu K. The effect of different doses of intrathecal dexmedetomidine on spinal anesthesia: a meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2016;9(10):18860-18867.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.