Inhalation of Vapor With Medication (Diclofenac Sodium, Menthol, Methyl Salicylate and N-Acetyl Cysteine) Reduces Oxygen Need and Hospital Stay in COVID-19 Patients - A Case Control Study
Summary
Background: In the midst of the devastating COVID pandemic where there is no specific and effective treatment, traditional therapy may help to ease the patient's suffering. Inhalation of vapor (VP) is an essential home remedy for stuffy, running nose in common cold, influenza and sinusitis. Steam inhalation is helpful in destroying the capsid of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope and preventing infection. Vapor with diclofenac sodium, menthol, methyl salicylate and N-acetyl cysteine may augment this effect. Objective: To evaluate the effect of inhalation of vapor with medication and to compare with inhalation of vapor without medication. Methods and Materials: A case control study taken place in Corona unit, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barishal. 43 patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 were participated in this study. All are RT-PCR positive cases. Among them 16 patients were in control group and 27 in study group. In study group they were given vapor with Diclofenac Sodium, Menthol, Methyl Salicylate and N-Acetyl Cysteine and control group they were given normal steam/aquatic vapor two times in a day.
Timeline
- Start
- 2020-12-01
- Primary completion
- 2020-12-30
- Completion
- 2020-12-30
Publications
- Background Wang J, Hajizadeh N, Moore EE, McIntyre RC, Moore PK, Veress LA, Yaffe MB, Moore HB, Barrett CD. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): A case series. J Thromb Haemost. 2020 Jul;18(7):1752-1755. doi: 10.1111/jth.14828. Epub 2020 May 11.
- Background Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020 Apr;18(4):844-847. doi: 10.1111/jth.14768. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
- Background Woyke S, Rauch S, Strohle M, Gatterer H. Modulation of Hb-O2 affinity to improve hypoxemia in COVID-19 patients. Clin Nutr. 2021 Jan;40(1):38-39. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.04.036. Epub 2020 Apr 28.
- Background Poston JT, Patel BK, Davis AM. Management of Critically Ill Adults With COVID-19. JAMA. 2020 May 12;323(18):1839-1841. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4914. No abstract available.
- Background Alhazzani W, Moller MH, Arabi YM, Loeb M, Gong MN, Fan E, Oczkowski S, Levy MM, Derde L, Dzierba A, Du B, Aboodi M, Wunsch H, Cecconi M, Koh Y, Chertow DS, Maitland K, Alshamsi F, Belley-Cote E, Greco M, Laundy M, Morgan JS, Kesecioglu J, McGeer A, Mermel L, Mammen MJ, Alexander PE, Arrington A, Centofanti JE, Citerio G, Baw B, Memish ZA, Hammond N, Hayden FG, Evans L, Rhodes A. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: guidelines on the management of critically ill adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Intensive Care Med. 2020 May;46(5):854-887. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06022-5. Epub 2020 Mar 28.
- Background Griffiths MJD, McAuley DF, Perkins GD, Barrett N, Blackwood B, Boyle A, Chee N, Connolly B, Dark P, Finney S, Salam A, Silversides J, Tarmey N, Wise MP, Baudouin SV. Guidelines on the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2019 May 24;6(1):e000420. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2019-000420. eCollection 2019.
- Background Mairbaurl H, Weber RE. Oxygen transport by hemoglobin. Compr Physiol. 2012 Apr;2(2):1463-89. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c080113.
- Background Dempsey JA. With haemoglobin as with politics - should we shift right or left? J Physiol. 2020 Apr;598(8):1419-1420. doi: 10.1113/JP279555. Epub 2020 Mar 13. No abstract available.
- Background Mairbaurl H. Red blood cell function in hypoxia at altitude and exercise. Int J Sports Med. 1994 Feb;15(2):51-63. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1021020.
- Results de Wit E, van Doremalen N, Falzarano D, Munster VJ. SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2016 Aug;14(8):523-34. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81. Epub 2016 Jun 27.
Drugs
| Evaluation | Drug | Modality | Dose | Route |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Diclofenac | Other / unclassified | 1 % | Inhaled |
| Subject | Menthol | Small molecule | 0.02 % | Inhaled |
| Subject | Methyl Salicylate | Small molecule | 0.05 % | Inhaled |
| Subject | N-acetylcysteine | Small molecule | 1.2 % | Inhaled |