Intranasal Dexmedetomidine vs. Standard of Care for Emergency Department (ED) Procedural Sedation in the Older Adult

Summary

The purpose of the study is to determine if intranasal dexmedetomidine could be an alternative to the current standard of care (injectable benzodiazepines or antipsychotics) for sedation prior to computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in those greater than or equal to 65 years of age (older adults) that are seen in the Emergency Department (ED).

Timeline

Start

2024-06-01

Primary completion

2025-05-31

Completion

2025-09-01

Publications

• Results Kennedy M, Koehl J, Gao J, Ciampa KA, Hayes BD, Camargo CA Jr. Use of antipsychotic and sedative medications in older patients in the emergency department. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2022 Mar;70(3):731-742. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17590. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
• Results Tobias JD, Leder M. Procedural sedation: A review of sedative agents, monitoring, and management of complications. Saudi J Anaesth. 2011 Oct;5(4):395-410. doi: 10.4103/1658-354X.87270.
• Results Kienitz R, Kay L, Beuchat I, Gelhard S, von Brauchitsch S, Mann C, Lucaciu A, Schafer JH, Siebenbrodt K, Zollner JP, Schubert-Bast S, Rosenow F, Strzelczyk A, Willems LM. Benzodiazepines in the Management of Seizures and Status Epilepticus: A Review of Routes of Delivery, Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Tolerability. CNS Drugs. 2022 Sep;36(9):951-975. doi: 10.1007/s40263-022-00940-2. Epub 2022 Aug 16.
• Results Amore M, D'Andrea M, Fagiolini A. Treatment of Agitation With Lorazepam in Clinical Practice: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 22;12:628965. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.628965. eCollection 2021.
• Results Yuen VM, Hui TW, Irwin MG, Yao TJ, Chan L, Wong GL, Shahnaz Hasan M, Shariffuddin II. A randomised comparison of two intranasal dexmedetomidine doses for premedication in children. Anaesthesia. 2012 Nov;67(11):1210-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2012.07309.x. Epub 2012 Sep 5.
• Results Baumgartner K, Groff V, Yaeger LH, Fuller BM. The use of dexmedetomidine in the emergency department: A systematic review. Acad Emerg Med. 2023 Mar;30(3):196-208. doi: 10.1111/acem.14636. Epub 2022 Dec 19.
• Results Barends CRM, Driesens MK, Struys MMRF, Visser A, Absalom AR. Intranasal dexmedetomidine in elderly subjects with or without beta blockade: a randomised double-blind single-ascending-dose cohort study. Br J Anaesth. 2020 Apr;124(4):411-419. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.12.025. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
• Results Pastis NJ, Hill NT, Yarmus LB, Schippers F, Imre M, Sohngen W, Randall O, Callahan SP, Silvestri GA. Correlation of Vital Signs and Depth of Sedation by Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAA/S) Scale in Bronchoscopy. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol. 2022 Jan 1;29(1):54-61. doi: 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000784.
• Results Uusalo P, Seppanen SM, Jarvisalo MJ. Feasibility of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Treatment of Postoperative Restlessness, Agitation, and Pain in Geriatric Orthopedic Patients. Drugs Aging. 2021 May;38(5):441-450. doi: 10.1007/s40266-021-00846-6. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
• Results Gupta A, Dalvi NP, Tendolkar BA. Comparison between intranasal dexmedetomidine and intranasal midazolam as premedication for brain magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric patients: A prospective randomized double blind trial. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Apr-Jun;33(2):236-240. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_204_16.
• Results Sinnott J, Holthaus CV, Ablordeppey E, Wessman BT, Roberts BW, Fuller BM. The Use of Dexmedetomidine in the Emergency Department: A Cohort Study. West J Emerg Med. 2021 Aug 22;22(5):1202-1209. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2021.4.50917.

Drugs

Indications