Beta Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes: Differential Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLIP-Receptor Agonists

Summary

Minorities have higher rates of diabetes, poorer glucose control, and higher complications and mortality rates than white people. Several recently approved diabetes medicines improve cardiovascular and renal outcomes through two different mechanisms. This study will explore key determinants of blood glucose levels namely beta cell function after short-term randomized, parallel group treatment with FDA approved Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists¬ (GLP-1 RA), or FDA approved Sodium-Glucose co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor (SGLT-2i). Because diabetes in black people shows a unique ability to recover pancreatic insulin secretion, it is important to determine whether the effects of these drug classes differentially improve pancreatic beta cell function.

Timeline

Start

2024-12-21

Primary completion

2027-12-31

Completion

2028-06-30

Publications

• Background McGill JB, Subramanian S. Safety of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors. Am J Cardiol. 2019 Dec 15;124 Suppl 1:S45-S52. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.10.029.
• Background Ali AM, Mari A, Martinez R, Al-Jobori H, Adams J, Triplitt C, DeFronzo R, Cersosimo E, Abdul-Ghani M. Improved Beta Cell Glucose Sensitivity Plays Predominant Role in the Decrease in HbA1c with Cana and Lira in T2DM. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Oct 1;105(10):dgaa494. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa494.
• Background Mari A, Nielsen LL, Nanayakkara N, DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E, Halseth A. Mathematical modeling shows exenatide improved beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin or metformin and a sulfonylurea. Horm Metab Res. 2006 Dec;38(12):838-44. doi: 10.1055/s-2006-956505.
• Background Mari A, Schmitz O, Gastaldelli A, Oestergaard T, Nyholm B, Ferrannini E. Meal and oral glucose tests for assessment of beta -cell function: modeling analysis in normal subjects. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Dec;283(6):E1159-66. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00093.2002. Epub 2002 Aug 6.
• Background Mari A, Tura A, Gastaldelli A, Ferrannini E. Assessing insulin secretion by modeling in multiple-meal tests: role of potentiation. Diabetes. 2002 Feb;51 Suppl 1:S221-6. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.51.2007.s221.
• Background Rasouli N, Younes N, Utzschneider KM, Inzucchi SE, Balasubramanyam A, Cherrington AL, Ismail-Beigi F, Cohen RM, Olson DE, DeFronzo RA, Herman WH, Lachin JM, Kahn SE; GRADE Research Group. Association of Baseline Characteristics With Insulin Sensitivity and beta-Cell Function in the Glycemia Reduction Approaches in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness (GRADE) Study Cohort. Diabetes Care. 2021 Feb;44(2):340-349. doi: 10.2337/dc20-1787. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
• Background Defronzo RA. Banting Lecture. From the triumvirate to the ominous octet: a new paradigm for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes. 2009 Apr;58(4):773-95. doi: 10.2337/db09-9028. No abstract available.
• Background Banerji MA, Chaiken RL, Huey H, Tuomi T, Norin AJ, Mackay IR, Rowley MJ, Zimmet PZ, Lebovitz HE. GAD antibody negative NIDDM in adult black subjects with diabetic ketoacidosis and increased frequency of human leukocyte antigen DR3 and DR4. Flatbush diabetes. Diabetes. 1994 Jun;43(6):741-5. doi: 10.2337/diab.43.6.741.
• Background Banerji MA, Chaiken RL, Lebovitz HE. Long-term normoglycemic remission in black newly diagnosed NIDDM subjects. Diabetes. 1996 Mar;45(3):337-41. doi: 10.2337/diab.45.3.337.
• Background Hakim O, Bonadonna RC, Mohandas C, Billoo Z, Sunderland A, Boselli L, Alberti KGMM, Peacock JL, Umpleby AM, Charles-Edwards G, Amiel SA, Goff LM. Associations Between Pancreatic Lipids and beta-Cell Function in Black African and White European Men With Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Apr 1;104(4):1201-1210. doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-01809.
• Background Banerji MA, Chaiken RL, Gordon D, Kral JG, Lebovitz HE. Does intra-abdominal adipose tissue in black men determine whether NIDDM is insulin-resistant or insulin-sensitive? Diabetes. 1995 Feb;44(2):141-6. doi: 10.2337/diab.44.2.141.

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