Ketamine for Sedation in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Summary

This protocol is for an open-label randomized trial evaluating the safety of using ketamine in combination with propofol for sedation versus the standard of care analgosedation in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe traumatic brain injury.

Timeline

Start

2024-09-23

Primary completion

2027-01-01

Completion

2027-06-30

Publications

• Background Iaccarino C, Carretta A, Nicolosi F, Morselli C. Epidemiology of severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg Sci. 2018 Oct;62(5):535-541. doi: 10.23736/S0390-5616.18.04532-0.
• Background Agrawal D, Raghavendran K, Schaubel DE, Mishra MC, Rajajee V. A Propensity Score Analysis of the Impact of Invasive Intracranial Pressure Monitoring on Outcomes after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma. 2016 May 1;33(9):853-8. doi: 10.1089/neu.2015.4015. Epub 2015 Oct 8.
• Background Butcher I, Maas AI, Lu J, Marmarou A, Murray GD, Mushkudiani NA, McHugh GS, Steyerberg EW. Prognostic value of admission blood pressure in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study. J Neurotrauma. 2007 Feb;24(2):294-302. doi: 10.1089/neu.2006.0032.
• Background McHugh GS, Engel DC, Butcher I, Steyerberg EW, Lu J, Mushkudiani N, Hernandez AV, Marmarou A, Maas AI, Murray GD. Prognostic value of secondary insults in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study. J Neurotrauma. 2007 Feb;24(2):287-93. doi: 10.1089/neu.2006.0031.
• Background Murray GD, Butcher I, McHugh GS, Lu J, Mushkudiani NA, Maas AI, Marmarou A, Steyerberg EW. Multivariable prognostic analysis in traumatic brain injury: results from the IMPACT study. J Neurotrauma. 2007 Feb;24(2):329-37. doi: 10.1089/neu.2006.0035.
• Background Petkus V, Preiksaitis A, Chaleckas E, Chomskis R, Zubaviciute E, Vosylius S, Rocka S, Rastenyte D, Aries MJ, Ragauskas A, Neumann JO. Optimal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure: Targeted Treatment for Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma. 2020 Jan 15;37(2):389-396. doi: 10.1089/neu.2019.6551. Epub 2019 Nov 13.
• Background Carney N, Totten AM, O'Reilly C, Ullman JS, Hawryluk GW, Bell MJ, Bratton SL, Chesnut R, Harris OA, Kissoon N, Rubiano AM, Shutter L, Tasker RC, Vavilala MS, Wilberger J, Wright DW, Ghajar J. Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury, Fourth Edition. Neurosurgery. 2017 Jan 1;80(1):6-15. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000001432.
• Background Cooper DJ, Rosenfeld JV, Murray L, Arabi YM, Davies AR, D'Urso P, Kossmann T, Ponsford J, Seppelt I, Reilly P, Wolfe R; DECRA Trial Investigators; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group. Decompressive craniectomy in diffuse traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2011 Apr 21;364(16):1493-502. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1102077. Epub 2011 Mar 25.
• Background Hawryluk GWJ, Aguilera S, Buki A, Bulger E, Citerio G, Cooper DJ, Arrastia RD, Diringer M, Figaji A, Gao G, Geocadin R, Ghajar J, Harris O, Hoffer A, Hutchinson P, Joseph M, Kitagawa R, Manley G, Mayer S, Menon DK, Meyfroidt G, Michael DB, Oddo M, Okonkwo D, Patel M, Robertson C, Rosenfeld JV, Rubiano AM, Sahuquillo J, Servadei F, Shutter L, Stein D, Stocchetti N, Taccone FS, Timmons S, Tsai E, Ullman JS, Vespa P, Videtta W, Wright DW, Zammit C, Chesnut RM. A management algorithm for patients with intracranial pressure monitoring: the Seattle International Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Consensus Conference (SIBICC). Intensive Care Med. 2019 Dec;45(12):1783-1794. doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05805-9. Epub 2019 Oct 28.
• Background Hutchinson PJ, Kolias AG, Timofeev IS, Corteen EA, Czosnyka M, Timothy J, Anderson I, Bulters DO, Belli A, Eynon CA, Wadley J, Mendelow AD, Mitchell PM, Wilson MH, Critchley G, Sahuquillo J, Unterberg A, Servadei F, Teasdale GM, Pickard JD, Menon DK, Murray GD, Kirkpatrick PJ; RESCUEicp Trial Collaborators. Trial of Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension. N Engl J Med. 2016 Sep 22;375(12):1119-30. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1605215. Epub 2016 Sep 7.
• Background Oddo M, Crippa IA, Mehta S, Menon D, Payen JF, Taccone FS, Citerio G. Optimizing sedation in patients with acute brain injury. Crit Care. 2016 May 5;20(1):128. doi: 10.1186/s13054-016-1294-5.
• Background Stein DM, Hu PF, Brenner M, Sheth KN, Liu KH, Xiong W, Aarabi B, Scalea TM. Brief episodes of intracranial hypertension and cerebral hypoperfusion are associated with poor functional outcome after severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma. 2011 Aug;71(2):364-73; discussion 373-4. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31822820da.
• Background Gardner AE, Dannemiller FJ, Dean D. Intracranial cerebrospinal fluid pressure in man during ketamine anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1972 Sep-Oct;51(5):741-5. No abstract available.
• Background Gibbs JM. The effect of intravenous ketamine on cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Br J Anaesth. 1972 Dec;44(12):1298-302. doi: 10.1093/bja/44.12.1298. No abstract available.
• Background Green SM, Andolfatto G, Krauss BS. Ketamine and intracranial pressure: no contraindication except hydrocephalus. Ann Emerg Med. 2015 Jan;65(1):52-4. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.08.025. Epub 2014 Sep 20. No abstract available.
• Background Gregers MCT, Mikkelsen S, Lindvig KP, Brochner AC. Ketamine as an Anesthetic for Patients with Acute Brain Injury: A Systematic Review. Neurocrit Care. 2020 Aug;33(1):273-282. doi: 10.1007/s12028-020-00975-7.
• Background Laws JC, Vance EH, Betters KA, Anderson JJ, Fleishman S, Bonfield CM, Wellons JC 3rd, Xu M, Slaughter JC, Giuse DA, Patel N, Jordan LC, Wolf MS. Acute Effects of Ketamine on Intracranial Pressure in Children With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Crit Care Med. 2023 May 1;51(5):563-572. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005806. Epub 2023 Feb 21.
• Background Dengler BA, Karam O, Barthol CA, Chance A, Snider LE, Mundy CM, Bounajem MT, Johnson WC, Maita MM, Mendez-Gomez PM, Seifi A, Hafeez S. Ketamine Boluses Are Associated with a Reduction in Intracranial Pressure and an Increase in Cerebral Perfusion Pressure: A Retrospective Observational Study of Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Crit Care Res Pract. 2022 May 21;2022:3834165. doi: 10.1155/2022/3834165. eCollection 2022.
• Background Bebarta VS, Mora AG, Bebarta EK, Reeves LK, Maddry JK, Schauer SG, Lairet JR. Prehospital Use of Ketamine in the Combat Setting: A Sub-Analysis of Patients With Head Injuries Evaluated in the Prospective Life Saving Intervention Study. Mil Med. 2020 Jan 7;185(Suppl 1):136-142. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usz302.
• Background Hill GJ, April MD, Maddry JK, Schauer SG. Prehospital ketamine administration to pediatric trauma patients with head injuries in combat theaters. Am J Emerg Med. 2019 Aug;37(8):1455-1459. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2018.10.046. Epub 2018 Oct 22.
• Background Maheswari N, Panda NB, Mahajan S, Luthra A, Pattnaik S, Bhatia N, Karthigeyan M, Kaloria N, Chauhan R, Soni S, Jangra K, Bhagat H. Ketofol as an Anesthetic Agent in Patients With Isolated Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective, Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2023 Jan 1;35(1):49-55. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000774. Epub 2021 May 13.
• Background Dewan MC, Rattani A, Gupta S, Baticulon RE, Hung YC, Punchak M, Agrawal A, Adeleye AO, Shrime MG, Rubiano AM, Rosenfeld JV, Park KB. Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2018 Apr 27;130(4):1080-1097. doi: 10.3171/2017.10.JNS17352. Print 2019 Apr 1.
• Background Stein SC, Georgoff P, Meghan S, Mizra K, Sonnad SS. 150 years of treating severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of progress in mortality. J Neurotrauma. 2010 Jul;27(7):1343-53. doi: 10.1089/neu.2009.1206.
• Background Mangat HS, Wu X, Gerber LM, Shabani HK, Lazaro A, Leidinger A, Santos MM, McClelland PH, Schenck H, Joackim P, Ngerageza JG, Schmidt F, Stieg PE, Hartl R. Severe traumatic brain injury management in Tanzania: analysis of a prospective cohort. J Neurosurg. 2021 Jan 22;135(4):1190-1202. doi: 10.3171/2020.8.JNS201243. Print 2021 Oct 1.
• Background Howard JT, Stewart IJ, Amuan M, Janak JC, Pugh MJ. Association of Traumatic Brain Injury With Mortality Among Military Veterans Serving After September 11, 2001. JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Feb 1;5(2):e2148150. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48150.
• Background Rutherford GW, Wlodarczyk RC. Distant sequelae of traumatic brain injury: premature mortality and intracranial neoplasms. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2009 Nov-Dec;24(6):468-74. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0b013e3181c133d2.
• Background Kang HK, Bullman TA. Mortality among U.S. veterans of the Persian Gulf War. N Engl J Med. 1996 Nov 14;335(20):1498-504. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199611143352006.
• Background Bollinger MJ, Schmidt S, Pugh JA, Parsons HM, Copeland LA, Pugh MJ. Erosion of the healthy soldier effect in veterans of US military service in Iraq and Afghanistan. Popul Health Metr. 2015 Mar 18;13:8. doi: 10.1186/s12963-015-0040-6. eCollection 2015.
• Background Dismuke CE, Walker RJ, Egede LE. Utilization and Cost of Health Services in Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury. Glob J Health Sci. 2015 Apr 19;7(6):156-69. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v7n6p156.
• Background Bullock MR, Chesnut R, Ghajar J, Gordon D, Hartl R, Newell DW, Servadei F, Walters BC, Wilberger JE; Surgical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury Author Group. Surgical management of acute epidural hematomas. Neurosurgery. 2006 Mar;58(3 Suppl):S7-15; discussion Si-iv.
• Background Bullock MR, Chesnut R, Ghajar J, Gordon D, Hartl R, Newell DW, Servadei F, Walters BC, Wilberger JE; Surgical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury Author Group. Surgical management of acute subdural hematomas. Neurosurgery. 2006 Mar;58(3 Suppl):S16-24; discussion Si-iv.
• Background Bullock MR, Chesnut R, Ghajar J, Gordon D, Hartl R, Newell DW, Servadei F, Walters BC, Wilberger J; Surgical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury Author Group. Surgical management of traumatic parenchymal lesions. Neurosurgery. 2006 Mar;58(3 Suppl):S25-46; discussion Si-iv. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000210365.36914.E3.
• Background Donnelly J, Czosnyka M, Adams H, Cardim D, Kolias AG, Zeiler FA, Lavinio A, Aries M, Robba C, Smielewski P, Hutchinson PJA, Menon DK, Pickard JD, Budohoski KP. Twenty-Five Years of Intracranial Pressure Monitoring After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective, Single-Center Analysis. Neurosurgery. 2019 Jul 1;85(1):E75-E82. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyy468.
• Background Farahvar A, Gerber LM, Chiu YL, Carney N, Hartl R, Ghajar J. Increased mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated without intracranial pressure monitoring. J Neurosurg. 2012 Oct;117(4):729-34. doi: 10.3171/2012.7.JNS111816. Epub 2012 Aug 17.
• Background Badri S, Chen J, Barber J, Temkin NR, Dikmen SS, Chesnut RM, Deem S, Yanez ND, Treggiari MM. Mortality and long-term functional outcome associated with intracranial pressure after traumatic brain injury. Intensive Care Med. 2012 Nov;38(11):1800-9. doi: 10.1007/s00134-012-2655-4. Epub 2012 Aug 3.
• Background Marshall LF, Smith RW, Shapiro HM. The outcome with aggressive treatment in severe head injuries. Part I: the significance of intracranial pressure monitoring. J Neurosurg. 1979 Jan;50(1):20-5. doi: 10.3171/jns.1979.50.1.0020. No abstract available.
• Background Lowell HM, Bloor BM. The effect of increased intracranial pressure on cerebrovascular hemodynamics. J Neurosurg. 1971 Jun;34(6):760-9. doi: 10.3171/jns.1971.34.6.0760. No abstract available.
• Background Akerlund CA, Donnelly J, Zeiler FA, Helbok R, Holst A, Cabeleira M, Guiza F, Meyfroidt G, Czosnyka M, Smielewski P, Stocchetti N, Ercole A, Nelson DW; CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators. Impact of duration and magnitude of raised intracranial pressure on outcome after severe traumatic brain injury: A CENTER-TBI high-resolution group study. PLoS One. 2020 Dec 14;15(12):e0243427. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243427. eCollection 2020.
• Background Sheth KN, Stein DM, Aarabi B, Hu P, Kufera JA, Scalea TM, Hanley DF. Intracranial pressure dose and outcome in traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care. 2013 Feb;18(1):26-32. doi: 10.1007/s12028-012-9780-3.
• Background Wolf S, Mielke D, Barner C, Malinova V, Kerz T, Wostrack M, Czorlich P, Salih F, Engel DC, Ehlert A, Staykov D, Alturki AY, Sure U, Bardutzky J, Schroeder HWS, Schurer L, Beck J, Juratli TA, Fritsch M, Lemcke J, Pohrt A, Meyer B, Schwab S, Rohde V, Vajkoczy P; EARLYDRAIN Study Group. Effectiveness of Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drain Among Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2023 Aug 1;80(8):833-842. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1792.
• Background Cooper DJ, Nichol AD, Bailey M, Bernard S, Cameron PA, Pili-Floury S, Forbes A, Gantner D, Higgins AM, Huet O, Kasza J, Murray L, Newby L, Presneill JJ, Rashford S, Rosenfeld JV, Stephenson M, Vallance S, Varma D, Webb SAR, Trapani T, McArthur C; POLAR Trial Investigators and the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group. Effect of Early Sustained Prophylactic Hypothermia on Neurologic Outcomes Among Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: The POLAR Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018 Dec 4;320(21):2211-2220. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.17075.
• Background Roquilly A, Moyer JD, Huet O, Lasocki S, Cohen B, Dahyot-Fizelier C, Chalard K, Seguin P, Jeantrelle C, Vermeersch V, Gaillard T, Cinotti R, Demeure Dit Latte D, Mahe PJ, Vourc'h M, Martin FP, Chopin A, Lerebourg C, Flet L, Chiffoleau A, Feuillet F, Asehnoune K; Atlanrea Study Group and the Societe Francaise d'Anesthesie Reanimation (SFAR) Research Network. Effect of Continuous Infusion of Hypertonic Saline vs Standard Care on 6-Month Neurological Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury: The COBI Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2021 May 25;325(20):2056-2066. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.5561.
• Background Skolnick BE, Maas AI, Narayan RK, van der Hoop RG, MacAllister T, Ward JD, Nelson NR, Stocchetti N; SYNAPSE Trial Investigators. A clinical trial of progesterone for severe traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2014 Dec 25;371(26):2467-76. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1411090. Epub 2014 Dec 10.
• Background CRASH-3 trial collaborators. Effects of tranexamic acid on death, disability, vascular occlusive events and other morbidities in patients with acute traumatic brain injury (CRASH-3): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2019 Nov 9;394(10210):1713-1723. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32233-0. Epub 2019 Oct 14.
• Background Bourgoin A, Albanese J, Wereszczynski N, Charbit M, Vialet R, Martin C. Safety of sedation with ketamine in severe head injury patients: comparison with sufentanil. Crit Care Med. 2003 Mar;31(3):711-7. doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000044505.24727.16.
• Background Bourgoin A, Leone M, Delmas A, Garnier F, Albanese J, Martin C. Increasing mean arterial pressure in patients with septic shock: effects on oxygen variables and renal function. Crit Care Med. 2005 Apr;33(4):780-6. doi: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000157788.20591.23.
• Background Kolenda H, Gremmelt A, Rading S, Braun U, Markakis E. Ketamine for analgosedative therapy in intensive care treatment of head-injured patients. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1996;138(10):1193-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01809750.
• Background Schmittner MD, Vajkoczy SL, Horn P, Bertsch T, Quintel M, Vajkoczy P, Muench E. Effects of fentanyl and S(+)-ketamine on cerebral hemodynamics, gastrointestinal motility, and need of vasopressors in patients with intracranial pathologies: a pilot study. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2007 Oct;19(4):257-62. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0b013e31811f3feb.
• Background Sakpal TV. Sample size estimation in clinical trial. Perspect Clin Res. 2010 Apr;1(2):67-9.
• Background Military Health System and Defense Health Agency. DOD TBI Worldwide Numbers: Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence; 2022 [Available from: https://health.mil/Military-Health-Topics/Centers-of-Excellence/Traumatic-Brain-Injury-Center-of-Excellence/DOD-TBI-Worldwide-NumbersTraumaticBrain].
• Background Michalczyk, Lukasz, and Lukasz Kaczmarek.
• Background Chan, Kai En, et al.

Drugs

Indications