Drugs / Morphine
last change 4 days ago re-read 8 days ago

Morphine

Other / unclassified targets OPRM1

Developed for
chronic pain syndrome · neuropathy, painful · osteoarthritis, knee · substance-related disorder · acute myocardial infarction · cancer · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · opiate dependence
+71 more · osteoarthritis · heroin dependence · pregnancy disorder · scoliosis · appendicitis · idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis · lumbar disk disease · metastatic malignant neoplasm · neonatal abstinence syndrome · obstructive sleep apnea syndrome · opioid abuse · pain agnosia · sickle cell disease · ST-elevation myocardial infarction · urinary system disorder · urolithiasis · acute respiratory failure · ankle defects short stature · bone pain, periodic · breast cancer · chronic ulcer of skin · colorectal cancer · complex regional pain syndrome type 1 · decubitus ulcer · epidermolysis bullosa · head and neck cancer · headache disorder · hemorrhoid · interstitial lung disease · intervertebral disk degenerative disorder · ischemic disease · mucositis · musculoskeletal system disorder · myocardial disorder · nephrolithiasis · postherpetic neuralgia · radiculopathy · rheumatic disorder · rotator cuff syndrome · sciatica · stomatitis · subacute delirium · substance withdrawal syndrome · ulcer disease · urinary tract obstruction · acute coronary syndrome · adolescent idiopathic scoliosis · akinetic mutism · bone disorder · brain hypoxia - ischemia · brain injury · brain neoplasm · cardiac arrest · delirium · diabetic polyneuropathy · disease of the tendon · dwarfism thin bones multiple fractures · heart valve disorder · ileus · neoplasm · nephroma · neurological pain disorder · obstetric disorder · osteoarthritis, hip · parotitis · postoperative ventricular dysfunction · pulmonary arterial hypertension · pulmonary edema · sleep apnea syndrome · spinal cord injury · subjective cognitive decline
Investigated by
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) · Actavis Inc. · Pfizer · Seoul National University Hospital · EKR Therapeutics, Inc · Javelin Pharmaceuticals
+273 more · Johns Hopkins University · Northwestern University · QRxPharma Inc. · The Hospital for Sick Children · Alza Corporation · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences · Cairo University · London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's · Mahidol University · National Institutes of Health (NIH) · National Taiwan University Hospital · Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc · Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh · Rambam Health Care Campus · Roxane Laboratories · Tanta University · Washington University School of Medicine · Aalborg University · Albert Einstein College of Medicine · Assiut University · AstraZeneca · Ataturk University · Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) · Central Hospital, Nancy, France · Charles University, Czech Republic · Children's Hospital of Fudan University · Egalet Ltd · Erasmus Medical Center · Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) · Federal University of São Paulo · Flinders University · French National Institute of Health and Medical Research · Hospital Central do Funchal · Indiana University · Isfahan University of Medical Sciences · Kafrelsheikh University · M.D. Anderson Cancer Center · Mayo Clinic · Meri Mirceta · Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada · National Cancer Institute (NCI) · National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) · Nova Scotia Health Authority · Pamukkale University · PriCara, Unit of Ortho-McNeil, Inc. · Sohag University · Stanford University · Tehran University of Medical Sciences · Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center · The Methodist Hospital Research Institute · The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University · University Hospital, Rouen · University of Iowa · University of Louisville · University of Monastir · University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill · University of Rochester · University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · University of Utah · AUSL Romagna Rimini · Aarhus University Hospital · Ain Shams University · Akdeniz University · Alaxia SAS · Alberta Health services · Alzahraa Ahmed Abbas · Anne Juul Wikkelsø · Anqing Municipal Hospital · Asker & Baerum Hospital · Association pour le Développement et l'Organisation de la Recherche en Pneumologie et sur le Sommeil · Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc. · Atlantic Health Sciences Corporation · Augusta University · all 279 on the full record

Regulatory milestones approvals, filings & regulatory actions · 4 recorded

MilestoneJurisdictionBrandIndicationDateSentence it was read from
Label expansions (2) US (FDA) MORPHINE SULFATE — 2010-01-25 – 2021-04-29 fda.gov ↗
Label expansion US (FDA) ARYMO ER — 2018-10-12 fda.gov ↗
Approved US (FDA) DURAMORPH PF — 1984-09-18 fda.gov ↗

Trials 312 · started per year

today
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PhaseRegistry idDatesIndicationSponsorStatusOutcome
Phase 04 trials
Phase 0 NCT05019638 Mar 2021 → May 2028 expected — University of Utah Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT03926559 Apr 2019 → May 2021 — Augusta University Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT05037812 Mar 2019 → Mar 2028 expected — University of Utah Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT02825056 Jul 2016 → Jun 2017 vascular disorder Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 119 trials · 1 met primary
Phase 1 NCT05587998 Aug 2022 → May 2023 substance-related disorder AstraZeneca Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT04448561 Jun → Sep 2020 substance-related disorder Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc. Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT03801629 Sep 2019 → Mar 2021 — Yale University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT03425084 Jun 2018 → Feb 2020 — University of Southern Denmark Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT02824276 Jan 2017 → Dec 2022 — Brigham and Women's Hospital Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT02156596 Feb 2013 → Dec 2017 urinary tract obstruction University of Monastir Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT01766960 Nov 2012 → Mar 2014 fatty liver disease University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT01476124 Aug → Oct 2011 restless legs syndrome XenoPort, Inc. Completed Met primary
Phase 1 NCT00802308 Dec 2008 → Feb 2009 — Egalet Ltd Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT00923000 Dec 2008 → Dec 2009 — Tri-Service General Hospital (TSGH) Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1/212 trials
Phase 1/2 NCT06875791 Dec 2025 → Dec 2026 expected head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, mucositis Fundacion Clinica Valle del Lili Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT06065956 Aug 2022 → Jun 2023 — Pakistan Navy Station Shifa Hospital Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT04427826 Dec 2020 → Jun 2027 expected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease University Hospital, Grenoble Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT04138615 Nov 2019 → Jan 2022 — University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT04160520 Oct 2019 → Jan 2023 urinary system disorder East Carolina University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT03035578 Dec 2017 → Jun 2018 — The Hospital for Sick Children Withdrawn No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT03015246 Dec 2016 → Jun 2020 heroin dependence Wayne State University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT01975753 May 2014 → May 2018 — University Hospital, Rouen Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT01477190 Oct 2010 → Oct 2011 colon carcinoma, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT01136356 Jul 2010 → Mar 2012 opiate dependence, opioid abuse Johns Hopkins University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 234 trials · 2 met primary · 3 missed
Phase 2 NCT07201987 Jan 2027 → Jan 2028 expected — Ganesh M. Shankar Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT06837857 Apr 2025 → Jul 2029 expected chronic pain syndrome Mayo Clinic Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT06716749 Dec 2024 → May 2025 osteoarthritis, knee Carilion Clinic Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT05800834 Sep 2023 → Mar 2024 breast cancer, head and neck cancer Brazilian National Cancer Institute Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT05367336 Aug 2022 → Feb 2025 qualitative platelet defect Corewell Health South Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2 NCT05017246 Jan 2022 → Jul 2024 uterine corpus leiomyoma Washington University School of Medicine Terminated Met primary Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2 NCT05324995 Jan 2021 → Feb 2022 — Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT05463367 Jan 2021 → Jun 2025 overdue chronic pain syndrome, opiate dependence, substance abuse Northwestern University Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT04358133 Dec 2020 → Oct 2022 acute respiratory failure Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris Completed Missed primary
Phase 2 NCT04582786 Dec 2020 → Jan 2022 — Alaxia SAS Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2/36 trials
Phase 2/3 NCT03407404 Oct 2017 → Jun 2019 — Makerere University Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT02967302 Aug 2015 → Dec 2021 osteoarthritis, knee Hildrun Haibel Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT03238430 May 2015 → May 2019 — University Hospital, Lille Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT02030717 Feb 2012 → May 2015 renal cell carcinoma Umeå University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT01837446 Jul 2011 → Jul 2012 stomatitis Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT00982891 Mar 2010 → Jun 2012 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Nova Scotia Health Authority Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 349 trials · 6 met primary · 7 missed
Phase 3 NCT06593665 Sep 2024 → Dec 2026 expected testicular cancer Indiana University Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT06349668 Apr 2024 → Oct 2027 expected congenital anomaly of kidney and urinary tract, kidney benign neoplasm, kidney cancer, ureter benign neoplasm +3 Hans Bahlmann Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT05236647 Mar 2022 → Jan 2025 — University Hospital, Akershus Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT04429516 Dec 2020 → Mar 2023 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust Completed Met primary
Phase 3 NCT04188418 Oct 2020 → Aug 2027 expected cancer, hematopoietic and lymphoid cell neoplasm M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Active not recruiting Missed primary
Phase 3 NCT04455802 Oct 2020 → May 2021 neonatal abstinence syndrome Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island Withdrawn No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 3 NCT04497831 Sep 2020 → Sep 2022 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Medical University of Gdansk Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT03948464 Dec 2019 → Jun 2020 substance-related disorder M. Eugenia Socias Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT03678792 Nov 2019 → Sep 2020 opiate dependence, substance withdrawal syndrome University of Alabama at Birmingham Withdrawn No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT03933397 Aug 2019 → May 2022 sickle cell disease Duke University Terminated Missed primary Stop: Enrollment
Phase 4100 trials · 6 met primary · 6 missed
Phase 4 NCT07288528 Apr 2026 → Apr 2029 expected hypersensitivity reaction disease McMaster University Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT07560501 Apr → Dec 2026 expected — Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute Of Medicine. Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT07377630 Mar 2026 → Mar 2027 expected pregnancy disorder Gaslini Institute Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT07851870 Feb → Mar 2026 — Universitas Indonesia Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT07472959 Feb → May 2026 overdue cardiac valvular defect Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT06797973 Jul 2025 → May 2027 expected — Anne Juul Wikkelsø Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT06935708 Apr 2025 → Oct 2026 expected colorectal carcinoma Meri Mirceta Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT06881563 Mar 2025 → Jul 2026 overdue colorectal cancer Meri Mirceta Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT06666985 Dec 2024 → Jun 2026 overdue — First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT06511232 Aug 2024 → Jul 2027 expected — The Methodist Hospital Research Institute Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase not applicable88 trials · 5 met primary · 7 missed
— NCT07803133 Sep 2026 → Sep 2027 expected — Erzincan Binali Yildirim Universitesi Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT07231926 Dec 2025 → Jul 2026 — Ataturk University Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT07232108 Dec 2025 → Jun 2026 overdue — Ataturk University Recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT07842861 Dec 2025 → Jun 2026 — Cairo University Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT07201272 Oct 2025 → Apr 2026 — Tanta University Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT07126483 Aug 2025 → Jan 2026 — Ondokuz Mayıs University Completed Missed primary
— NCT07023679 Jun 2025 → Jun 2029 expected acute myocardial infarction The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University Recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT06990893 Jun 2025 → Oct 2026 expected — Anqing Municipal Hospital Recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT06947135 May 2025 → Jun 2026 overdue acute myocardial infarction The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University Recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT06837506 Feb → Aug 2025 overdue — Ain Shams University Recruiting No outcome recorded
Comparator or background therapy734 trials
Phase 0 NCT06854211 Comparator Jul 2026 → Jan 2027 expected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, substance-related disorder Brigham and Women's Hospital Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT06617949 Comparator Jan 2025 → Dec 2027 expected substance-related disorder Medical College of Wisconsin Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT06621849 Comparator Sep 2024 → May 2025 neuropathy, painful Cairo University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT06387303 Comparator Aug 2024 → May 2026 overdue — University of Virginia Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT05150756 Comparator Jan → Jul 2022 — Ain Shams University Completed No outcome recorded
Show all 734 trials opens the full record — a long page

News releases announcing trial results or a regulatory action · 25

DateIssuerRelease
2026-05-28 Tonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Results Tonix Pharmaceuticals Presented Retrospective U.S. Real-World Claims Analysis of Opioid Use in Patients with Fibromyalgia at the 2026 American Society of Clinical Psychopharmacology (ASCP) Annual Meeting tonixpharma.com ↗
Data demonstrate a substantial and persistent health burden associated with prescribed opioid use among adults with fibromyalgia
2026-04-24 Indivior Inc. Results Indivior Presents New Real-World Data at ASAM 2026 Annual Conference, Supporting Remission as a Treatment Outcome and Reinforcing the Clinical Benefits of Monthly Injectable Buprenorphine for Opioid Use Disorder indivior.com ↗
Patients with higher MOUD coverage (>80% of time on MOUD) experienced less non-fatal and fatal overdose compared to those with lower MOUD coverage (<80%).
2024-12-05 Glycyx Therapeutics Results Groundbreaking Research from UPMC Highlights Opioids’ Suppressive Impact on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and the Potential of Axelopran, an Opioid Antagonist to Reverse It glycyx.com ↗
The article, titled “Morphine treatment restricts response to immunotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma” , is available in the latest issue of the Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (JITC) .
2023-02-14 Trevena Inc. Results Trevena Announces Publication of OLINVYK Respiratory Physiology Study In ANESTHESIOLOGY trevena.com ↗
The results of the study demonstrated that oliceridine and morphine differed in their pharmacodynamics with a more rapid onset and offset of respiratory depression for oliceridine and a smaller magnitude of respiratory depression over time.
2022-10-24 Trevena Inc. Results Trevena Announces OLINVYK Poster Presentation at the ANESTHESIOLOGY® 2022 Annual Meeting trevena.com ↗
These data add to our prior published work with oliceridine, and continue to suggest that it may provide a reduced impact on ventilatory function as compared to IV morphine.
2022-04-20 Trevena Inc. Results Trevena Announces Results from Respiratory Physiology Study of Head-to-Head Comparison of OLINVYK® and IV Morphine in Elderly/Overweight Subjects trevena.com ↗
These data suggest that OLINVYK, a new chemical entity, may offer a more favorable respiratory safety profile when compared to IV morphine.
2022-03-31 Trevena Inc. Results Trevena Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2021 Results trevena.com ↗
Topline data of OLINVYK vs IV morphine in high-risk subjects demonstrates statistically significant benefit in lowering respiratory depression
2021-08-10 Trevena Inc. Results Trevena Announces Publication Highlighting Risk / Benefit Analysis of OLINVYK® in Pain and Therapy trevena.com ↗
The findings suggest that under equianalgesic conditions, patients receiving OLINVYK were less likely to experience adverse events (AEs) compared to patients treated with morphine.
2021-05-03 Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Regulatory Amphastar Pharmaceuticals Receives FDA Approval for Morphine Sulfate Injection amphastar.com ↗
2020-12-18 Avenue Therapeutics, Inc. Results Avenue Therapeutics Announces Publication of Real-World Data on Nonmedical Use of Tramadol in ASI-MV Network avenuetx.com ↗
Compared to other common opioid compounds, tramadol had significantly lower rates of NMU, non-oral routes of administration such as snorting or injecting, and diversion, suggesting a lower abuse potential.
2020-10-05 Trevena Inc. Results Trevena, Inc. Announces Three OLINVYK™ Presentations at the Virtual American Society of Anesthesiologists 2020 Annual Meeting trevena.com ↗
OLINVYK demonstrated an overall lower incidence of respiratory safety events (RSEs) (12.8% - 13.8%) compared with IV morphine (22.8% - 23.4%) in Phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTS) in orthopedic and plastic surgeries.
2020-09-21 Trevena Inc. Results Trevena, Inc. Announces Presentations at the Virtual 2020 American College of Clinical Pharmacology Annual Meeting trevena.com ↗
OLINVYK was associated with a higher probability of analgesia than respiratory depression, while the reverse was true for morphine.

All press releases naming this drug 29 releases

DateIssuerRelease

Evidence & citations 55 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 1,055 sources stand behind the page.

FieldValueCited text
Known as morphine “The current double-blind, placebo-controlled in-patient study was designed to compare the effects of intravenously delivered fentanyl (0, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.187, and 0.250 mg/70...” PMID 17581533 ↗ Jun 2007
954

“All patients will be submitted to the institution's standard management: multimodal analgesia with common analgesic (dipyrone 4 to 8 g / day or paracetamol 1500 to 2250 mg /...” NCT07666178 ↗

“The tradition standard protocols involve the use of 0.3mg/kg of oral morphine about an hour before the start of the procedure before the start of the procedure to allow for the...” NCT05163366 ↗

“Postoperative patient controlled epidural analgesia (epidural cathterer inserted into Th7-8 intervertebral space, 200 ml of 0.125% levobupivacaine, 4 mg of morphine, 0.075 mg...” NCT05831761 ↗

“Intravenous morphine bolus doses of 2.5 mg or 5 mg may be administered for breakthrough pain when CPOT remains greater than 1 or when the treating clinician judges that pain is...” NCT06727435 ↗

“Intraoperative time: intravenous ketamine 0.5 mg kg-1, intravenous dexamethasone 8 mg Postoperative time: paracetamol 1 g every 6 hours a day, nefopam 20 every 8 hours a day,...” NCT06381063 ↗

“Injection Cocktail includes: 10mg Morphine, 30mg Ketorolac, 3.5ug/ml (385ug total) of Ropivicaine, 2.5ug /ml (275ug total) Epinephrine with the remainder of the solution made...” NCT01667445 ↗

“Preservative-free morphine hydrochloride 100 micrograms will be added to 10 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% and administered into the intrathecal space at the L3-L4 or L4-L5...” NCT07784192 ↗

“Tramadol 50mg IV bolus was firstly administered to the patients and if the NRS scale was not decreased at least about 2 points after 30 minutes, morphine 2mg IV was then...” NCT01526525 ↗

“To evaluate the levels of morphine in a patient's blood when morphine is given into the epidural space in the form of DepoDur® either alone or following a dose of lidocaine...” NCT00804609 ↗

“An intraoperative block of the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve was performed in all patients in all three groups, followed by postoperative patient-controlled...” PMID 27487311 ↗ Jul 2016

Show 944 more sources

Known as Actiskenan “morphine (Actiskenan) 5-10 mg every 4-6 h for severe pain” NCT07414706 ↗
Known as Apokyn “Morphine (Apokyn®, Avinza®, Kadian®, MS-Contin®, among others)” NCT06240390 ↗
Known as Avinza “We would like to learn if a medicine called "modified-release morphine sulfate" (Avinza) helps reduce Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)-related pain that has lasted a long time.” NCT00488969 ↗
2

“Morphine (Apokyn®, Avinza®, Kadian®, MS-Contin®, among others)” NCT06240390 ↗

“Avinza (morphine sulfate sustained-release) capsules” NCT00782548 ↗

Known as Chlorhydrate of Morphine “Doses of 1 mg of Chlorhydrate of Morphine will be delivered intravenously by the Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) pump.” NCT02292667 ↗
Known as DepoDur “The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of lidocaine/epinephrine test dose administration on the PK profile of a single epidural dose of DepoDur...” NCT00728832 ↗
4

NCT00895531 ↗

NCT00335517 ↗

NCT00762554 ↗

NCT00456638 ↗

Known as Depolan “Depolan (morphine), Ebixa (memantine)” NCT02467556 ↗
Known as Dimorf “Dimorf” NCT05800834 ↗
Known as duramorph “Intrathecal preservative free morphine (duramorph) 200 mcg with 7.5mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine placed by a spinal needle prior to induction of general anesthesia (n=71)” NCT06593665 ↗
8

“Multimodal local injection of bupivacaine (Marcaine), morphine sulfate (Duramorph), ketorolac (Toradol) given at the fracture site at the time of hip fracture surgery” PMID 37199438 ↗ Sep 2023

“intrathecal preservative free morphine (duramorph) 200 mcg with 7.5mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine was given for a patient 18-75 years of age” NCT05257941 ↗

“preservative free morphine (Duramorph)” NCT05506930 ↗

NCT02143141 ↗

NCT01298778 ↗

NCT03853694 ↗

NCT02734940 ↗

NCT06114121 ↗

Known as Egalet morphine “Egalet® morphine, Controlled Release 30 mg Oral tablet once daily for 2 weeks and MST Continus® 15 mg twice daily for 2 weeks” NCT00446069 ↗
1

“Single dose administration of Egalet® morphine with alcohol” NCT00802308 ↗

Known as EREM “The primary objective was to evaluate the serum pharmacokinetic profile of a single 15-mg dose of extended-release epidural morphine (EREM) administered at the lower thoracic...” PMID 19840530 ↗ Nov 2009
2

“Extended-release Epidural morphine (EREM) 80” NCT00955877 ↗

“Extended Release Epidural Morphine (EREM)” NCT00934661 ↗

Known as Immediate release morphine “Immediate release morphine, solution Dosage: Start with a minimum of 5mg (to be determined by titration)” NCT04635852 ↗
Known as intra spinal morphine “intra spinal morphine” NCT00695045 ↗
Known as IRM “immediate-release morphine (IRM) as solution or tablet is most frequently used in clinical practice to treat episodic breathlessness.” NCT04635852 ↗
Known as ITM “This randomized double-blind trial investigates the relative contributions of adductor canal block and low-dose intrathecal morphine (ITM) to postoperative analgesia and...” PMID 29315129 ↗ Feb 2018
6

“Intrathecal morphine (ITM) and continuous wound infiltration (CWI) are two alternatives to thoracic epidural analgesia in major abdominal surgery” PMID 42403225 ↗ Jul 2026

“Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) and intrathecal morphine (ITM) provide adequate postoperative (PO) analgesia.” PMID 40047853 ↗ Mar 2025

“120 mcg intrathecal morphine (ITM) will be administered to the morphine group.” NCT06076018 ↗

“Intrathecal morphine sulfate (ITM)” NCT04368364 ↗

“ITM (Intrathecal Morphine)” NCT06666985 ↗

“Intrathecal morphine (ITM)” NCT03261193 ↗

Known as IVMS “IVMS (IV Morphine)” NCT01904071 ↗
Known as KADIAN “a test formulation of morphine sulfate 200 mg sustained-release capsules manufactured by Alpharma Branded Products Division Inc. to an equivalent oral dose of the commercially...” NCT00759356 ↗
5

“Morphine (Apokyn®, Avinza®, Kadian®, MS-Contin®, among others)” NCT06240390 ↗

“KADIAN (morphine sulfate sustained-release) capsules” NCT00759954 ↗

“KADIAN (morphine sulfate sustained-release) capsules” NCT00782548 ↗

“KADIAN (morphine sulfate extended-release) capsules” NCT00759902 ↗

“KADIAN (morphine sulfate extended-release) capsules” NCT00759915 ↗

Known as MIR “At any time, if a woman experienced pain despite the prescribed treatment, the next line of treatment was MIR (morphine immediate release, 10 mg tablet).” NCT04087317 ↗
Known as MNS075 “Intranasal (IN) Morphine Nasal Spray (MNS075) 7.5 mg and 15 mg” NCT00390039 ↗
2

“Intranasal Morphine (MNS075) 3.75 mg” NCT00388011 ↗

“MNS075 (Intranasal Morphine)” NCT00474799 ↗

Known as MOR “Patients were consented and randomized to receive, either IV ketamine (LDK) 1 mg/kg or IV morphine (MOR) 0.1 mg/kg as an infusion over 10 min.” PMID 29794277 ↗ Jan 2018
Known as Morfin “spinal injection of 12 mg bupivacain,160 ug morfin och klonidin, according to age” NCT02030717 ↗
3

“Morfin” NCT02094807 ↗

NCT05956275 ↗

NCT07426692 ↗

Known as Morfina cloridrato 10 mg /ml - Morphine “Morfina cloridrato 10 mg /ml - Morphine” NCT01249872 ↗
Known as Morfini Sulfas WZF “postoperative rescue opioid analgesia will be administered intravenously using 2 miligrams of morphine ((Morfini Sulfas WZF, 20mg/ml, solutio pro iniectione, Polfa Warszawa, Poland)” NCT06609993 ↗
Known as Morphin “morphine hydrochloride (morphine hydrochloride 2 mg/ml, Morphin® Nycomed Austria GmbH, St. Peter Strasse 25, A-4021, Linz, Austria)” NCT01084473 ↗
1

“Morphin” NCT00878293 ↗

Known as Morphine = morphine “Morphine = morphine” NCT01367418 ↗