Levobupivacaine

also known as Chirocaine · Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride · L- bupivacaine · (s)-bupivacaine · (S)-l-butyl-2-piperidylformo-2',6'-xylidide hydrochloride · Bupivacaine (-)-form · Bupivacaine (-)-form hydrochloride · Chirocaine 5 mg/ml - Levobupivacaine · +12 more

Other / unclassified targets SCN4A via inhibition

Developed for: chronic pain syndrome · neuropathy, painful · musculoskeletal system disorder · obstetric disorder · osteoarthritis, knee · pain agnosia · bone disorder · frozen shoulder
+17 more
· hepatocellular carcinoma · pregnancy disorder · strabismus · stroke disorder · triple-negative breast carcinoma · vertebral column disorder · aortic valve disorder · cardiac valvular defect · cleft palate · congenital heart malformation · coronary artery disorder · female reproductive system disorder · lumbar disk disease · peripheral nerve lesion · postcholecystectomy syndrome · spinal polio · subjective cognitive decline
Investigated by: Assiut University · Cork University Hospital · Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile · Chinese University of Hong Kong · Brugmann University Hospital · Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia
+76 more
· French National Institute of Health and Medical Research · University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand · University Hospital, Ghent · University Hospital, Montpellier · University Medical Centre Ljubljana · ARAMU Association · Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam · Alexandr Ronenson · All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh · Ankara University · Aragon Health Research Institute (IISAragon) · Ashford and St. Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Marseille · Aswan University Hospital · Balikesir University · Basque Health Service · Chang Gung Memorial Hospital · Chief Scientist Office of the Scottish Government · Cristália Produtos Químicos Farmacêuticos Ltda. · Diskapi Teaching and Research Hospital · Dokuz Eylul University · Dr Madeleine Wilwerth · Duzce University · Ege University · Egymedicalpedia · Fresenius Kabi · Fundacion Clinica Valle del Lili · Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León · Gazi University · General University Hospital of Valencia · Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust · Hamad Medical Corporation · Health Service Executive, Ireland · Hopital Foch · Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia · Hospital General Universitario Elche · Hospital Miguel Servet · Hospital Universitario de Móstoles · Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro · IVO JURISIC · Institut Jean-Godinot · Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca · Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona · KBC Split · Laura Boer · Mahidol University · Manuel Ángel Gómez-Ríos · Meander Medical Center · Mother and Child Health Institute of Serbia Dr Vukan Cupic · NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde · National Taiwan University Hospital · New Valley University · Newco Trials Pesquisa Científica Ltda · Ordu University · Osijek University Hospital · Ospedale di Circolo - Fondazione Macchi · Reims University Hospital · Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt · Sant Pau Research Institute · Seoul National University Hospital · South Egypt Cancer Institute · Tanta University · USP Hospital La Colina · Uludag University · United Christian Hospital · University College Cork · University Hospital of Ferrara · University Hospital of Saint-Etienne · University Hospital, Antwerp · University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland · University of Genova · University of Novi Sad · University of Warwick · all 82 on the full record

Regulatory milestones approvals, filings & regulatory actions · 1 recorded

Milestone	Jurisdiction	Brand	Indication	Date	Sentence it was read from
Approved	US (FDA)	CHIROCAINE	—	1999-08-05	fda.gov ↗

Trials 91 · started per year

today

US approved 1999

199920002001200220032004200520062007200820092010201120122013201420152016201720182019202020212022202320242025202620272028

Phase	Registry id	Dates	Indication	Sponsor	Status	Outcome
Phase 13 trials
Phase 1	NCT05559437	Oct 2022 → Apr 2023	hernia, double inguinal, neuropathy, painful	Egymedicalpedia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT04221568	Mar 2020 → Mar 2021	—	Assiut University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT04315454	Jun 2019 → Dec 2020	—	South Egypt Cancer Institute	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/21 trial
Phase 1/2	NCT04113720	Nov 2019 → Oct 2020	—	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 23 trials
Phase 2	NCT07458204	Oct 2026 → Oct 2031 expected	triple-negative breast carcinoma	Institut Jean-Godinot	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02796547	Jul 2016 → May 2018	—	Brugmann University Hospital	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01602250	Jan 2011 → Aug 2013	poisoning	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/32 trials
Phase 2/3	NCT05145543	Dec 2021 → Mar 2022	—	Assiut University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT04209868	Feb 2019 → Dec 2024	chronic pain syndrome, neoplasm of thorax	Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 311 trials
Phase 3	NCT06446960	Feb 2024 → Sep 2026 expected	stroke disorder	French National Institute of Health and Medical Research	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT05196256	Jun 2022 → Jun 2023	obstetric disorder	Brugmann University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT05958589	Jan 2022 → Jul 2024	—	University of Novi Sad	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT04385966	Feb 2020 → Oct 2021	respiratory paralysis	Aragon Health Research Institute (IISAragon)	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01994967	Nov → Dec 2016	vertebral column disorder	Cristália Produtos Químicos Farmacêuticos Ltda.	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02264834	Jul 2014 → Mar 2018	—	Dr Madeleine Wilwerth	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02662660	Jan 2012 → Dec 2015	—	Hospital General Universitario Elche	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01458431	Oct 2011 → Sep 2014	—	Manuel Ángel Gómez-Ríos	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01184794	Aug 2009 → Dec 2011	—	Ashford and St. Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00621907	Mar 2008 → May 2009	—	University Hospital of Saint-Etienne	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00682344	Jan 2008 → Jan 2012	—	Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Marseille	Terminated	No outcome recorded

Phase 448 trials
Phase 4	NCT06695468	Dec 2024 → Dec 2026 expected	cancer	Assiut University	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06567522	Jun 2024 → Dec 2025 overdue	—	Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06266767	Feb → Oct 2024	obstetric disorder, pain agnosia	Hamad Medical Corporation	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06864312	Oct 2023 → Jan 2025	—	University College Cork	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04773301	Feb → Nov 2021	bone disorder	Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04697329	Dec 2020 → May 2022	—	Hospital Universitario de Móstoles	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04397406	Jul 2020 → Oct 2021	—	Tanta University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04799184	Apr 2019 → Aug 2021	local anesthetic poisoning	Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03846102	Jan 2019 → Feb 2020	—	Zuyderland Medical Center	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03843970	Jun 2018 → May 2023	—	Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02852720	Dec 2016 → Feb 2017	neuropathy, painful	Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03394807	Oct 2016 → Jul 2017	gallstones	Health Service Executive, Ireland	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02689024	May 2016 → Jul 2023	—	Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02557386	Jan → Dec 2016	—	Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02802683	Sep 2015 → May 2016	hypotensive disorder	Seoul National University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02558569	Sep 2015 → Aug 2016	brain neoplasm	Mahidol University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02293330	Nov 2014 → Nov 2016	toe, misshapen	University Hospital, Antwerp	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02185716	Jan 2014 → Jul 2015	—	Duzce University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02025374	Aug 2013	—	Balikesir University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01886352	Jun 2013 → Jun 2014	—	University Hospital, Ghent	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01938755	Jun 2013 → Jan 2014	—	Ordu University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04869046	Mar → Dec 2013	—	Mother and Child Health Institute of Serbia Dr Vukan Cupic	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01785693	Jan 2013 → Nov 2016	peripheral arterial occlusive disease 1	University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02035904	Jan 2013 → Sep 2017	chronic pain syndrome	Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01597479	Feb 2012 → Apr 2014	—	Sant Pau Research Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01596998	Dec 2011 → Apr 2012	—	Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02677532	Dec 2011 → Nov 2013	—	University of Genova	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01389934	Jul 2011 → Jan 2012	—	Basque Health Service	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01356797	May → Sep 2011	—	USP Hospital La Colina	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02905695	Jan 2011 → Jan 2015	—	Hopital Foch	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01560767	Oct 2010 → Jul 2011	osteoarthritis, knee	University of Warwick	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01312077	Oct 2010 → Jun 2011	—	Cork University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01312415	Aug 2010 → Jun 2011	—	Cork University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01158586	Apr → Sep 2010	osteoarthritis, knee	United Christian Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00926666	Oct 2009 → Apr 2011	—	NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00970086	Aug 2009 → Nov 2010	local anesthetic poisoning	University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01199406	Jul 2009 → Jan 2010	cholecystolithiasis	Meander Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01675895	Jul 2009 → Jul 2011	benign prostatic hyperplasia	Diskapi Teaching and Research Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05829707	Jan 2009 → Dec 2012	chronic pain syndrome, female breast carcinoma	Osijek University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02322346	Aug → Dec 2008	—	Ankara University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00620477	Jul 2008 → Nov 2010	—	University Hospital, Ghent	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02497040	Mar 2008 → Mar 2009	hypertensive disorder	Uludag University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04245774	Nov 2007 → Aug 2008	anus disorder	Gazi University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00929682	Jun 2007 → Mar 2008	—	University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01881087	Jun 2006 → Dec 2009	—	Fundacion Clinica Valle del Lili	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01229241	Jul 2005 → Jun 2011	—	Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00836316	—	cholelithiasis	Ege University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02465008	? → Jul 2016	—	General University Hospital of Valencia	Suspended	No outcome recorded

Phase not applicable23 trials
—	NCT06926764	Nov 2025 → Nov 2027 expected	—	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07084753	Jul → Sep 2025 overdue	obesity disorder	IVO JURISIC	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06611176	Oct 2024 → Dec 2025 overdue	—	Laura Boer	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06176248	Oct 2024 → Jan 2027 expected	frozen shoulder	Reims University Hospital	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06014957	Aug → Dec 2023	—	New Valley University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04941664	Jan 2023 → Jul 2026 overdue	musculoskeletal system disorder	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05728151	Feb 2022 → Apr 2024	strabismus	Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04837742	Apr 2021 → Jan 2023	hepatocellular carcinoma	National Taiwan University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04773405	Mar → Nov 2021	musculoskeletal system disorder	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05136625	Feb 2021 → Jan 2024	—	University Hospital of Ferrara	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04294537	Mar → Apr 2020	appendicitis	Ospedale di Circolo - Fondazione Macchi	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04000308	Aug 2019 → May 2020	pain agnosia	University Medical Centre Ljubljana	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05034406	May 2019 → May 2021	varicocele	KBC Split	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04212611	Mar 2019 → Jan 2020	—	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03258697	Oct 2017 → Jan 2019	arthropathy	Chang Gung Memorial Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03302689	Sep → Oct 2017	neuropathy, painful	Alexandr Ronenson	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04729868	Apr 2017 → Apr 2020	—	Aswan University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02677571	Dec 2015 → Jan 2017	—	Istituti Ospitalieri di Cremona	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02064088	Nov 2013 → Nov 2015	hydrocele	University Hospital, Montpellier	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01856166	Jun 2013 → Dec 2015	pregnancy disorder	University Hospital, Montpellier	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02057601	Jan → Jun 2013	—	Cork University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07285759	Nov 2010 → Feb 2011	staphylococcus aureus infection	Dokuz Eylul University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05831761	Sep 2009 → Oct 2011	—	University Medical Centre Ljubljana	Completed	No outcome recorded

Also used as a comparator or background therapy in 121 trials

Phase	Registry id	Dates	Indication	Sponsor	Status	Outcome
Phase 01 trial
Phase 0	NCT04498351 Comparator	Jun 2020 → Sep 2021	—	Cairo University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 12 trials
Phase 1	NCT05600296 Comparator	Nov 2022 → May 2023	—	Egymedicalpedia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT03824314 Background	May 2019 → Jan 2020	—	Mohamed Abdelrady Mohamed	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/21 trial
Phase 1/2	NCT03778671 Background	Jan → Nov 2019	—	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 210 trials
Phase 2	NCT06577155 Comparator	Aug 2024 → Jan 2025	—	Asklepieion Voulas General Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04275661 Background	Aug 2020 → Mar 2022	breast cancer	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04410588 Comparator	Jun 2020 → Jul 2021	—	Assiut University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04178109 Comparator	Jan → Nov 2019	—	KAT General Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02848599 Comparator	Jul 2016 → Jul 2017	subjective cognitive decline	Osijek University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02705872 Comparator	Mar 2016 → Mar 2018	—	Brugmann University Hospital	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02665936 Comparator	Oct 2015 → Feb 2016	—	Kasr El Aini Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02588417 Comparator	Jul → Sep 2015	—	ahmed elsakka	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01701778 Background	Oct 2012 → Jan 2014	cryptorchidism	Yao Yusheng	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02430090 Background	Nov 2006 → Mar 2007	—	Ankara City Hospital Bilkent	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 2/38 trials
Phase 2/3	NCT04971759 Background	Dec 2019 → Dec 2020	—	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT04968392 Background	Mar 2019 → Feb 2020	—	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT03155646 Comparator	Jun 2017 → Aug 2019	—	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT02923869 Comparator	Jan → Oct 2016	cleft palate	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT02356640 Comparator	Aug 2014 → Jan 2019	—	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT01582607 Comparator	Jan 2010 → Apr 2012	neonatal compartment syndrome	University of Patras	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT01249872 Comparator	Jan 2010 → Aug 2012	morbid obesity	University of Patras	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT01558713 Comparator	Jan 2010 → Sep 2012	neonatal compartment syndrome	University of Patras	Unknown	No outcome recorded

Phase 311 trials
Phase 3	NCT03825198 Comparator	Aug 2019 → Dec 2023	neuropathy, painful, peripheral nerve lesion	Dr M. B. Breebaart	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03979599 Comparator	Apr 2019 → Jun 2023	—	South Egypt Cancer Institute	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03025594 Comparator	Jan → Aug 2017	osteoarthritis, knee	maximiliano barahona vasquez	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02563821 Comparator	Nov 2015 → Dec 2018	—	University Hospital, Limoges	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02868944 Background	Aug 2014 → Jan 2017	—	Reims University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02728323 Comparator	Oct 2013 → Sep 2015	—	Emiliano Petrucci	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01872728 Comparator	Jun → Dec 2013	—	Hospices Civils de Lyon	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01825993 Comparator	Apr 2013 → Apr 2015	sigmoid neoplasm	Corporacion Parc Tauli	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02728310 Comparator	Sep 2012 → Sep 2014	—	San Salvatore Hospital of L'Aquila	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01858090 Comparator	Jan → Oct 2009	—	Baskent University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00437996 Background	Feb 2007 → Jan 2008	—	Hospices Civils de Lyon	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 447 trials
Phase 4	NCT06369870 Comparator	Sep 2024 → Nov 2027 expected	—	Algemeen Ziekenhuis Maria Middelares	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04397484 Comparator	Sep 2023 → Sep 2026 expected	musculoskeletal system disorder	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06011746 Comparator	Aug 2023 → Jan 2024	chronic pain syndrome	Tanta University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05877131 Comparator	Jun → Dec 2023	congenital heart malformation, pregnancy disorder	Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05107453 Comparator	Oct 2021 → Feb 2023	aortic valve disorder, cardiac valvular defect	Algemeen Ziekenhuis Maria Middelares	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05010499 Comparator	Jul → Nov 2021	—	Ain Shams University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04551833 Background	Apr 2021 → Apr 2023	—	Assiut University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05281081 Background	Jan → Aug 2021	—	Sohag University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04530903 Background	Sep 2020 → Jan 2021	—	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint Pierre	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03679897 Comparator	Sep → Dec 2018	—	Asan Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03607227 Comparator	Sep 2018 → Apr 2021	head and neck cancer	Region Skane	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03407027 Background	Nov 2017 → Apr 2019	—	Hospital de Braga	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03121261 Background	May 2017 → Sep 2027 expected	—	University Hospital Dubrava	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02966249 Background	Oct 2016 → Apr 2017	neuromuscular disease	KAT General Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02893228 Background	Oct 2016 → Sep 2019	—	The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, incorporating The National Children's Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02699827 Comparator	Mar 2016 → Jan 2017	preeclampsia	Mohamed Sayed Abdelhafez	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02691403 Comparator	Mar 2016 → Jun 2017	—	Sun Yat-sen University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02851394 Comparator	Oct 2015 → May 2016	—	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dijon	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02567487 Comparator	Jul 2015 → Jan 2016	—	Ankara University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03189329 Comparator	Jan 2015 → Jan 2016	cognitive disorder	Cengiz KAYA	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03956303 Comparator	Jun 2014 → Jun 2016	—	Balikesir University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03456661 Comparator	May 2014 → Jan 2018	breast cancer	University Hospital, Antwerp	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02162121 Background	May 2014 → Oct 2016	—	ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02544282 Comparator	Apr 2014 → Mar 2016	—	GZA Ziekenhuizen Campus Sint-Augustinus	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02082067 Background	Mar 2014 → Sep 2015	—	ASST Gaetano Pini-CTO	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01960543 Comparator	Oct 2013 → Dec 2014	—	Corporacion Parc Tauli	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02004834 Comparator	Aug 2013 → Jul 2028 expected	breast carcinoma, hypotensive disorder	University Hospital Dubrava	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01916915 Background	Jul 2013 → Feb 2016	neuropathy, painful	Ufuk University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02037711 Comparator	May → Nov 2013	—	Cairo University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01935596 Comparator	May 2013 → Apr 2014	—	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Amiens	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02201784 Comparator	Dec 2012 → Jan 2014	—	Aligarh Muslim University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01898052 Comparator	Oct 2012 → Feb 2014	—	Thammasat University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01160965 Comparator	Aug 2012 → Aug 2013	—	Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01989312 Comparator	Feb 2012 → Feb 2013	musculoskeletal system disorder	Ankara University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02869841 Comparator	Jan 2012 → Jul 2018	postcholecystectomy syndrome	Kuopio University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02879916 Comparator	Oct 2011 → Dec 2013	—	University Hospital, Antwerp	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01929252 Comparator	Aug 2011	—	TC Erciyes University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01918917 Comparator	Jul 2011 → Dec 2012	—	TC Erciyes University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01921361 Comparator	Jan 2011 → Jan 2012	—	TC Erciyes University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02691442 Comparator	Dec 2010 → Dec 2015	peripheral nervous system disorder	University Hospital, Antwerp	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01201213 Comparator	Sep 2009 → Aug 2012	—	NHS Tayside	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00974961 Comparator	Sep → Dec 2009	spinal polio	National Taiwan University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01172197 Comparator	Jan 2009 → Oct 2011	—	NHS Tayside	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00956709 Comparator	Dec 2008 → Nov 2011	peripheral nerve lesion	Nantes University Hospital	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01106001 Comparator	Sep 2008 → Sep 2009	osteoarthritis	Orthopaedic Research and Innovation Foundation, Ireland	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00860899 Comparator	Dec 2007 → Oct 2008	—	University Hospital Dubrava	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00552864 Comparator	Jan 2003 → Jun 2005	coronary artery disorder	Centro Cardiologico Monzino	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase not applicable41 trials
—	NCT07268911 Background	Nov 2025 → May 2026 overdue	—	South Valley University	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06545812 Comparator	Sep 2024 → Mar 2026	lumbar disk disease	Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06410404 Comparator	Jun 2024 → Jun 2025	—	Assiut University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06002217 Comparator	Feb 2024 → Jul 2026	—	Clinique Saint Jean, France	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05816538 Background	Jan 2024 → May 2025 overdue	breast cancer	University of Rijeka	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05848375 Comparator	Nov 2023 → Dec 2024	rotator cuff syndrome	Elsan	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05707169 Background	Jan 2023 → Feb 2024	ulcer of lower limbs, varicose disease, venous insufficiency	Mansoura University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05532618 Comparator	Aug 2022 → Aug 2023	—	St. Antonius Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06970574 Comparator	Jul 2022 → Jul 2023	cholecystitis	Sohag University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06970548 Comparator	Jun 2022 → May 2023	—	Sohag University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05693454 Comparator	Nov 2021 → Jan 2023	vertebral column disorder	Balgrist University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05117281 Comparator	Sep → Oct 2021	—	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04969133 Comparator	Jul 2021 → Jan 2024	appendicitis	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besancon	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04492319 Comparator	Sep 2020 → Nov 2023	—	Cairo University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04284007 Comparator	Dec 2019 → Nov 2020	—	Mansoura University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03852355 Comparator	Feb → Sep 2019	headache disorder, rheumatoid arthritis	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04325113 Comparator	Feb → Dec 2019	—	University of Liege	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03790163 Comparator	Jan → Mar 2019	local anesthetic poisoning	Mansoura University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03791879 Comparator	Jan 2019 → Oct 2020	isolated female hypospadias	Mansoura University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03754816 Background	Dec 2018 → Mar 2019	breast cancer	San Salvatore Hospital of L'Aquila	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03296189 Comparator	Nov 2018 → Dec 2019	neuropathy, painful, ureterolithiasis	The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, incorporating The National Children's Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03426527 Comparator	Mar → Sep 2018	tracheal disorder	Mansoura University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02726620 Background	Jan → Dec 2017	hypotensive disorder	Vanderbilt University Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03785041 Comparator	Dec 2016 → Dec 2017	—	Ain Shams University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02737527 Background	Apr 2016 → Nov 2017	complex regional pain syndrome, diabetic polyneuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia	Seoul National University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03337191 Comparator	Jan → Jul 2016	—	Ataturk University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02555423 Background	Oct 2015 → Apr 2017	—	Kingston Hospital NHS Trust	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03110120 Comparator	May 2015 → Jun 2017	—	Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc- Université Catholique de Louvain	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02406300 Comparator	Apr 2015 → Dec 2016	bone disorder	Centro Hospitalar do Porto	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02385539 Comparator	Jan → Sep 2015	—	Šarić, Jadranka Pavičić, M.D.	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02710877 Background	Dec 2014 → Dec 2017	—	University of Modena and Reggio Emilia	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02045810 Comparator	Jan 2014 → Mar 2015	—	Tampere University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01734954 Background	Apr → Aug 2013	—	CES University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02702661 Background	Mar → Nov 2013	—	Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02513433 Comparator	Dec 2012 → Aug 2014	congenital insensitivity to pain	Government Medical College, Haldwani	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03856502 Background	Nov 2012 → May 2016	adrenal gland hyperfunction, cognitive disorder	General Hospital Sveti Duh	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02625506 Comparator	Jun 2012 → Dec 2015	breast cancer	Mansoura University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01860521 Comparator	Sep 2011 → Jun 2013	—	IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01305733 Comparator	Mar 2011 → May 2012	—	Coxa, Hospital for Joint Replacement	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02478372 Comparator	Apr 2010 → Aug 2011	osteoarthritis	Golden Jubilee National Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01349751 Comparator	Jan 2007 → Feb 2008	female reproductive system disorder	Mahidol University	Completed	No outcome recorded

Evidence & citations 25 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 214 sources stand behind the page.

Field	Value	Cited text
Known as	levo-bupivacaine	“This double-blind, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial study was designed to compare the pharmacokinetics of continuous thoracic epidural infusion of levobupivacaine...” PMID 25977992 ↗ Aug 2015 203 “Postoperative patient controlled epidural analgesia (epidural cathterer inserted into Th7-8 intervertebral space, 200 ml of 0.125% levobupivacaine, 4 mg of morphine, 0.075 mg...” NCT05831761 ↗ “A bilateral facial block (infraorbital and infratrochlear) will be performed immediately after intubation in patients undergoing outpatient rhinoplasty with 2.5%...” NCT01872728 ↗ “The study solutions were either 0.568 mg x ml(-1) levobupivacaine (low concentration group) or 1.136 mg x ml(-1) levobupivacaine (high concentration group), with sufentanil...” PMID 20565392 ↗ Jun 2010 “2.2 ml (11 mg) levobupivacaine (Chirocaine®, Abbott Laboratories, Ireland) was administered to patients with heights \<163 cm, while 2.4 ml (12 mg) levobupivacaine was...” NCT01858090 ↗ “At the end of surgery patients will receive bilateral ultrasound-guided single-shot TAP block: 0,15% levobupivacaine 0,75 mg/kg per side will be injected between internal...” NCT04294537 ↗ “The aim of this study was to analyze the costs and the efficiency of use of continuous infusion of levobupivacaine 0.5 % with the help of an infusion pump in modified radical...” PMID 26305021 ↗ Sep 2015 “The peri-articular infiltration of multimodal agents will consist of 150 mg of levobupivacaine, 10 mg morphine and 30mg ketorolac diluted in 0.9% saline to make a volume 100 ml.” NCT01560767 ↗ “To evaluate the efficacy of levo-bupivacaine alone and with dexmedetomidine in Ultrasound guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block for hand and forearm surgeries as regard:” NCT04729868 ↗ “Transforaminal epidural steroid injection (ESI TF) with corticosteroids like Methylprednisolone, Levobupivacaine and Lidocaine according to the protocol of the institution.” NCT06545812 ↗ “Hence the present study is aimed to compare the effectiveness of 0.375% levobupivacaine and 0..375% ropivacaine in infra orbital block for cleft palate surgery.” NCT04212611 ↗ “Patients will be stratified into three groups (80 patients) according to doses of Levobupivacaine (6, 8 or 12 mg, Chirocaine, Abbot Laboratories, amp. 5 mg/ml).” NCT02385539 ↗ “12.5 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric levobupivacaine (2.5 ml) was given at the level of L4-5 interspaces after the free flow confirming of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)” NCT06014957 ↗ “3ml intrathecal starting at a mass of 10 µmol bupivacaine, levobupivacaine or ropivacaine by a combined spinal-epidural analgesia technique (groups A, B, C).” NCT01201213 ↗ “A cotton swab soaked in levobupivacaine 7,5% in inserted into the nose to block sphenopalatine ganglion, with the classic technique previously described” NCT05136625 ↗ “A total of 40 mL (20 mL for the iliopsoas plane and 20 mL for the subpectineal compartment) of 0.125% plain levobupivacaine will be administered.” NCT07268911 ↗ “infiltration of 60 ml of levobupivacaine 2.5 mg/ml : 50 ml peritumorally and 10 ml periganglionically” NCT07458204 ↗ “2 ml of 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine (10 mg) plus 0.5 ml midazolam (2 mg)will be given intrathecally” NCT03824314 ↗ “Ultrasound-guided ESP-L shall be carried out at the L3-14 level with 30 mL of levobupivacaine 0.25%” NCT06567522 ↗ “Spermatic cord block by18ml levobupivacaine 0.5% plus 2 ml normal saline in total volume of 20 ml.” NCT04498351 ↗ “Ropivacaine or levobupivacaine was infused intravenously in 16 volunteers (8 mg/min up to 120 mg)” PMID 27404223 ↗ Sep 2016 “1 injection of local anaesthetic (5 ml levobupivacaine 2.5 mg/mL) opposite the subscapular nerve” NCT06176248 ↗ “spermatic cord block by 19 ml Levobupivacaine 0.5% plus 1 ml 0.9 normal saline in each side” NCT04492319 ↗ “combined with Levobupivacaine (Levob) 0.125% (ED95% =125%=least effective concentration)” NCT03791879 ↗ “Single anaesthetic drug levobupivacaine 150 mg and epinephrine (1:1000) 0.6 ml (0.6 mg)” NCT01898052 ↗ “Levobupivacaine (0.3 mL; 0.75%) and triamcilonone (1 mg) were injected at each level” NCT03852355 ↗ “ESPB injection at T10 region with levobupivacaine 100mg (20 ml)+ Omnipaque10 ml” NCT04837742 ↗ “Levobupivacaine is new, long-acting bupivacaine, amide-type local anesthetic” NCT04113720 ↗ “Following the operation, 4ml of 0.25% levobupivacaine was administered” NCT02478372 ↗ “Peritonsillar infiltration with low-dose of levobupivacaine 0.25%.” NCT02322346 ↗ “Caudal: Levobupivacaine 0.25% 1ml/kg and dexmedetomidine 1µg/kg” NCT01701778 ↗ “40mg of triamcinolone and 10ml of levobupivacaine 0,25%.” NCT03407027 ↗ “Levobupivacaine (Chirocaine®, Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA)” NCT01860521 ↗ “Group 1: Levobupivacaine 8 mg + 20 mcg Fentanyl” NCT03956303 ↗ “using 30 ml levobupivacaine 0.18%” NCT04000308 ↗ “Levobupivacaine” NCT06410404 ↗ “Levobupivacaine” NCT03846102 ↗ NCT01935596 ↗ NCT02430090 ↗ NCT04284007 ↗ NCT06446960 ↗ NCT02544282 ↗ NCT02852720 ↗ NCT04941664 ↗ NCT01312415 ↗ NCT02869841 ↗ NCT04275661 ↗ NCT03337191 ↗ NCT05877131 ↗ NCT02665936 ↗ NCT02037711 ↗ NCT02851394 ↗ NCT06611176 ↗ NCT02064088 ↗ NCT02691442 ↗ NCT05010499 ↗ NCT05707169 ↗ NCT06011746 ↗ NCT02045810 ↗ NCT01349751 ↗ NCT04968392 ↗ NCT06369870 ↗ NCT02691403 ↗ NCT01458431 ↗ NCT01172197 ↗ NCT03189329 ↗ NCT03790163 ↗ NCT06577155 ↗ NCT02737527 ↗ NCT03778671 ↗ NCT03296189 ↗ NCT06970548 ↗ NCT06970574 ↗ NCT04969133 ↗ NCT04869046 ↗ NCT01106001 ↗ NCT03302689 ↗ NCT03607227 ↗ NCT03843970 ↗ NCT03394807 ↗ NCT04530903 ↗ NCT04397484 ↗ NCT02513433 ↗ NCT04773405 ↗ NCT04397406 ↗ NCT01856166 ↗ NCT02035904 ↗ NCT01558713 ↗ NCT01199406 ↗ NCT05532618 ↗ NCT02558569 ↗ NCT01158586 ↗ NCT01916915 ↗ NCT02293330 ↗ NCT01596998 ↗ NCT03258697 ↗ NCT04773301 ↗ NCT05107453 ↗ NCT01785693 ↗ NCT02004834 ↗ NCT01312077 ↗ NCT01249872 ↗ NCT01960543 ↗ NCT02796547 ↗ NCT01938755 ↗ NCT02356640 ↗ NCT02497040 ↗ NCT02689024 ↗ NCT03825198 ↗ NCT00956709 ↗ NCT01989312 ↗ NCT02201784 ↗ NCT00974961 ↗ NCT00836316 ↗ NCT03979599 ↗ NCT00682344 ↗ NCT01597479 ↗ NCT02662660 ↗ NCT04551833 ↗ NCT00437996 ↗ NCT02848599 ↗ NCT07285759 ↗ NCT00552864 ↗ NCT04315454 ↗ NCT02699827 ↗ NCT05600296 ↗ NCT02588417 ↗ NCT01918917 ↗ NCT01582607 ↗ NCT05829707 ↗ NCT04245774 ↗ NCT02702661 ↗ NCT02406300 ↗ NCT01886352 ↗ NCT02677532 ↗ NCT04410588 ↗ NCT01356797 ↗ NCT03110120 ↗ NCT04325113 ↗ NCT05559437 ↗ NCT06266767 ↗ NCT02677571 ↗ NCT02567487 ↗ NCT03679897 ↗ NCT03856502 ↗ NCT03426527 ↗ NCT00926666 ↗ NCT02726620 ↗ NCT05693454 ↗ NCT01921361 ↗ NCT02465008 ↗ NCT06695468 ↗ NCT01675895 ↗ NCT02802683 ↗ NCT06864312 ↗ NCT01734954 ↗ NCT04385966 ↗ NCT02185716 ↗ NCT02893228 ↗ NCT02879916 ↗ NCT06002217 ↗ NCT04221568 ↗ NCT03121261 ↗ NCT00860899 ↗ NCT02557386 ↗ NCT03785041 ↗ NCT01881087 ↗ NCT05816538 ↗ NCT01160965 ↗ NCT02025374 ↗ NCT04178109 ↗ NCT05034406 ↗ NCT02625506 ↗ NCT01305733 ↗ NCT06926764 ↗ NCT01929252 ↗ NCT05958589 ↗ NCT03155646 ↗ NCT02162121 ↗ NCT04729868 ↗ NCT02264834 ↗ NCT02923869 ↗ NCT05281081 ↗ NCT04971759 ↗ NCT00621907 ↗ NCT03754816 ↗ NCT04209868 ↗ NCT02966249 ↗ NCT02082067 ↗ NCT02728323 ↗ NCT05196256 ↗ NCT05117281 ↗ NCT02057601 ↗ NCT04697329 ↗ NCT02710877 ↗ NCT02728310 ↗ NCT07084753 ↗ NCT00970086 ↗ NCT01994967 ↗ NCT05728151 ↗ NCT03456661 ↗ NCT01184794 ↗ NCT02563821 ↗ NCT04799184 ↗
Known as	(s)-bupivacaine	ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1201193 ↗
Known as	(S)-l-butyl-2-piperidylformo-2',6'-xylidide hydrochloride	“Levobupivacaine is chemically described as (S)-l-butyl-2-piperidylformo-2',6'-xylidide hydrochloride.” NCT04385966 ↗
Known as	Bupivacaine (-)-form	ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1201193 ↗
Known as	Bupivacaine (-)-form hydrochloride	ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1201193 ↗
Known as	Chirocaine	“Name (INN and/or speciality) : Levobupivacaine (Chirocaine), 1.25 mg/ml Pharmaceutical form: Injectable Route of administration: Peri-Nervous Dosage for administration: 20ml...” NCT06446960 ↗ 16 “The anaesthetic drug chosen for this study is levobupivacaine (Chirocaine™ -): it is S-isomer of bupivacaine, an amino-amide local anaesthetic widely used in regional anaesthesia” NCT03296189 ↗ “Patients will be stratified into three groups (80 patients) according to doses of Levobupivacaine (6, 8 or 12 mg, Chirocaine, Abbot Laboratories, amp. 5 mg/ml).” NCT02385539 ↗ “1 mL 0.75% isobaric levobupivacaine (Chirocaine® 75 mg/10mL ampoule Abbott/Turkey, Nycomed Pharma/Norway) was added to 0.24 mL 50% Dextrose” NCT04245774 ↗ “Levobupivacaïne (Chirocaine®) is a new local anaesthetic recently marketed in France.” NCT00682344 ↗ “Levobupivacaine 8 mg (Chirocaine % 0,75) + 20 mcg fentanyl + dextrose 40” NCT03956303 ↗ “Levobupivacaine(chirocaine) plus dexmedetomidine(precedex)” NCT04729868 ↗ “local infiltration of the analgesic Chirocaïne®” NCT02905695 ↗ “Chirocaine group (levobupivacaine )” NCT02037711 ↗ “Drug: chirocaine (Levobupivacaine)” NCT00621907 ↗ NCT02868944 ↗ NCT02905695 ↗ NCT02555423 ↗ NCT05848375 ↗ NCT02705872 ↗ NCT00620477 ↗ NCT03025594 ↗
Known as	Chirocaine 5 mg/ml - Levobupivacaine	“Chirocaine 5 mg/ml - Levobupivacaine” NCT01249872 ↗
Known as	Chirocaine 5mg/ml, Abbot Laboratories, Greece	“Chirocaine 5mg/ml, Abbot Laboratories, Greece” NCT01558713 ↗
Known as	ChirocaineR	“and 5ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine (ChirocaineR, Abbvie, Chicago, USA) in Group LB patients.” NCT03189329 ↗
Known as	Hirokain	“For TAP-block was used Hirokain® (Levobupivacaine) . Injectable solution 7.5 mg / ml” NCT03302689 ↗
Known as	L- bupivacaine	“Levobupivacaine group (L- bupivacaine 0,25% -2,5 mg/ml-) 60 ml. Total dosis in topical use 150 mg (administered irrigation 30 ml into the surgical pocket bilaterally intraoperatively).” NCT02465008 ↗ 1 NCT01825993 ↗
Known as	Levo-Bupivacaine Hydrochloride (HCl)	“Levo-Bupivacaine Hydrochloride (HCl) 0.5 % in 20mL Injection” NCT04209868 ↗
Known as	Levob	“combined with Levobupivacaine (Levob) 0.125% (ED95% =125%=least effective concentration)” NCT03791879 ↗
Known as	Levobupivac	ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1201193 ↗
Known as	Levobupivacaina	ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1201193 ↗
Known as	levobupivacaine [Chirocaine, Abbott S.p.A., Italy]	“levobupivacaine [Chirocaine®, Abbott S.p.A., Italy]” NCT00860899 ↗
Known as	Levobupivacaine HCl	“Group Levobupivacaine Bolus received 0.5 mg/kg 0.5% Levobupivacaine HCl every 8 h via wound catheter.” NCT05829707 ↗
Known as	Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride	“Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride 2.5 MG/ML is an anesthestic product intended for epidural, intradural and perineural administration.” NCT04385966 ↗ 9 “Patient had periarticular local analgesic agent, LevoBupivacaine Hydrochloride, during total joint replacement.” NCT03258697 ↗ “Levobupivacaine (as Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride) 75 Mg/10 mL Solution for Injection Ampoule” NCT04245774 ↗ “Patients will receive epidural 20 ml levobupivacaine hydrochloride 0.5%” NCT02699827 ↗ “Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride 0.25 % Injectable Solution” NCT06369870 ↗ “plain levo-bupivacaine hydrochloride 0.5% intrathecally” NCT01582607 ↗ “Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride 1.25 MG/ML” NCT06446960 ↗ “Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride 2.5 MG/ML” NCT03785041 ↗ NCT05145543 ↗ NCT04113720 ↗
Known as	Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride 5MG/ML	“Levobupivacaine Hydrochloride 5MG/ML” NCT03785041 ↗
Known as	Levobupivacaine: Chirocaine, Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA.	“Levobupivacaine: Chirocaine®, Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA.” NCT01860521 ↗
Known as	Novabupi	ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1201193 ↗
Action	Inhibit	“its ability to block peripheral nociceptor transmission after tissue damage” NCT04113720 ↗ 1 “Sodium channel protein type IV alpha subunit blocker” CHEMBL1201193 ↗
Modality	Other / unclassified	“local anesthetic” NCT00926666 ↗
Route	Other	“The addition of clonidine to epidural levobupivacaine and sufentanil for patient-controlled epidural analgesia in labour improved analgesia, reduced the supplementation rate...” PMID 20299988 ↗ May 2010
Target	SCN4A	“Sodium channel protein type IV alpha subunit blocker” CHEMBL1201193 ↗