sodium chloride

also known as normal saline · saline · isotonic saline · NaCl · 0.9% saline · 0.9% sodium chloride · 0.9% NaCl · normal saline solution · +26 more

Developed for: acute bronchiolitis · acute kidney injury · infectious disease with sepsis · cystic fibrosis · atopic eczema · brain edema · bronchiolitis · chronic rhinosinusitis
+59 more
· COVID-19 · impaired renal function disease · postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome · acute hypotension · acute myocardial infarction · bipolar disorder · brain injury · bronchiectasis · cardiac arrest · chronic kidney disease · chronic pain syndrome · congestive heart failure · constipation disorder · corneal edema · decubitus ulcer · dehydration polycythemia · diabetic ketoacidosis · disorder of acid-base balance · dry eye syndrome · heart failure · hypertensive disorder · hypotensive disorder · ischemic stroke · keratitis · lipoma · migraine disorder · myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome · neurally mediated hypotension · neurogenic bowel · osteoarthritis, knee · periapical periodontitis · psoriasis · pulpitis · sinusitis · Sjogren syndrome · skin atrophy · traumatic brain injury · acute pancreatitis · acute tubulointerstitial nephritis · brain infarction · chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis · cirrhosis of liver · disease related to solid organ transplantation · end stage renal failure · epicondylitis · gastroenteritis · hemorrhagic stroke · metabolic acidosis · neonatal respiratory failure · premenstrual tension · pulmonary edema · respiratory tract infectious disorder · skin infection · ST-elevation myocardial infarction · stroke disorder · subarachnoid hemorrhage · urinary tract infection · urinary tract obstruction · vascular occlusion disorder
Investigated by: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · Assiut University · Bayside Health · Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) · Capital Medical University · Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
+127 more
· Children's Hospital Los Angeles · Cystic Fibrosis Foundation · Glostrup University Hospital, Copenhagen · Johns Hopkins University · NYU Langone Health · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) · Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce · Seoul National University Hospital · University of Alberta · University of California, San Francisco · University of Monastir · University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill · AXIOM Real Time Metrics · Aalborg University Hospital · Adhish Agarwal · Alfasigma S.p.A. · All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar · Analytica Ventures LLC · Baxter Healthcare Corporation · Beijing Anzhen Hospital · Bispebjerg Hospital · CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences · Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy · Canadian Blood Services · Children's & Women's Health Centre of British Columbia · Christiana Care Health Services · Cook County Health · Cystic Fibrosis Federation Australia · Dan Leibovici · David Garcia Cinca · Derk Jan Jager · Dinara Zhumanbayeva · Dongyang People's Hospital · Dr. Damon Scales · Eli Lilly and Company · Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) · Euraxi Pharma · Eye-yon Medical · Fayoum University Hospital · Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki · Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria · Fundacion Clinic per a la Recerca Biomédica · Fundacion Clinica Valle del Lili · Hala Abd EL-Tawab Ibrahim Radwan · Hamad Medical Corporation · Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation · Herlev Hospital · Hillerod Hospital, Denmark · Holbaek Sygehus · Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal · Hospital do Coracao · IRCCS Burlo Garofolo · Innovative Medical · Islamabad Medical and Dental College · Jeffrey Alan Klein, MD · Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital · Jinhua People's Hospital · Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre · KU Leuven · Kentucky Spinal Cord and Head Injury Research Board · LEO Foundation · Lanxi People's Hospital · Linkoeping University · Mardan Medical Complex · Mayo Clinic · Medical University of South Carolina · Milton S. Hershey Medical Center · Monash University · Montefiore Medical Center · National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia · National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) · National Institute on Aging (NIA) · National Institutes of Health (NIH) · Nemours Children's Clinic · all 133 on the full record

Regulatory milestones approvals, filings & regulatory actions · 1 recorded

Milestone	Jurisdiction	Brand	Indication	Date	Sentence it was read from
Approved	US (FDA)	THAM	—	1965-12-16	fda.gov ↗

Trials 100 · started per year

today

US approved 1965

19651966196719681969197019711972197319741975197619771978197919801981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202420252026202720282029

Phase	Registry id	Dates	Indication	Sponsor	Status	Outcome
Phase 05 trials
Phase 0	NCT05634213	Mar 2023 → Apr 2025	cardiac valvular defect	Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT06139029	Nov 2022 → Mar 2023	acute bronchiolitis	Mardan Medical Complex	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT05029596	Feb 2020 → Mar 2023	cancer	University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT03837470	May 2019 → Feb 2020	diastolic heart failure	Adhish Agarwal	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT04197245	Jan → Jul 2019	skin atrophy	Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 15 trials
Phase 1	NCT05154968	Nov → Dec 2021	—	Eli Lilly and Company	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT04147182	Dec 2018 → Jul 2019	—	Dan Leibovici	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT02947126	Jan 2017 → Feb 2020	cystic fibrosis	Tim Corcoran	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT02854683	Feb 2016 → Dec 2021	myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome, neurally mediated hypotension, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome	New York Medical College	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT01094704	Nov 2009 → May 2010	cystic fibrosis	University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/24 trials
Phase 1/2	NCT06820164	May 2025 → Jan 2027 expected	lipoma	West Virginia University	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT06370975	Aug 2024 → Aug 2025	—	Assiut University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT01073787	Jul 2010 → Nov 2012	migraine disorder	University of Alberta	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT00228657	Jul 2002 → Aug 2003	decubitus ulcer	Bayside Health	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 28 trials
Phase 2	NCT06471998	Feb 2025 → Mar 2026	chronic pain syndrome	Ramsay Santé	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04344236	Apr → May 2020	COVID-19	NYU Langone Health	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04785755	Nov 2017 → Mar 2020	—	Hala Abd EL-Tawab Ibrahim Radwan	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01042015	Oct 2016 → Nov 2025	cardiac arrest	University of Maryland, Baltimore	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02142985	Apr 2014 → Apr 2015	—	University of Monastir	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01411852	Mar 2012 → Apr 2013	brain injury	University of Washington	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00819416	Feb → Oct 2009	infectious disease with sepsis	Ottawa Hospital Research Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01293084	Jul 2007 → Jun 2009	cystic fibrosis	Johns Hopkins University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/36 trials
Phase 2/3	NCT06558461	Jun 2022 → May 2024	acute bronchiolitis	Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT04802408	Oct 2021 → May 2026 overdue	COVID-19	Milton S. Hershey Medical Center	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT04802785	Jun → Jul 2021	—	Dinara Zhumanbayeva	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT04242368	Jul 2020 → Jul 2021	chronic rhinosinusitis	Stanford University	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00619918	Feb 2008 → May 2011	bronchiolitis	Children's Hospital Los Angeles	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00163852	Feb 2004 → Feb 2006	cystic fibrosis	Bayside Health	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 313 trials
Phase 3	NCT07596329	Sep 2026 → Nov 2027 expected	chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure	University of Monastir	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT06953674	Jun 2025 → Jun 2029 expected	traumatic brain injury	University of Louisville	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT05962255	Feb 2022 → Apr 2024	heart failure	Wroclaw Medical University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT05121389	Jan 2021 → Nov 2022	ischemic stroke	Chang Gung Memorial Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02872155	Jul 2017 → Jul 2019	impaired renal function disease	David Garcia Cinca	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02875873	May 2017 → Mar 2020	acute kidney injury	Hospital do Coracao	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02905760	Dec 2016 → Nov 2018	acute myocardial infarction	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03106922	Apr 2016 → Jul 2020	—	Alfasigma S.p.A.	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01786824	Dec 2014 → Aug 2015	acute kidney injury, impaired renal function disease	Nîmes University Hospital	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02221024	Jul 2011 → Sep 2013	—	IRCCS Burlo Garofolo	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01365793	Nov 2010 → Sep 2016	brain edema, diabetic ketoacidosis	University of California, Davis	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00734214	Mar 2008 → Dec 2009	—	Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00318942	Feb 2003 → Aug 2012	—	University of Versailles	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 424 trials
Phase 4	NCT07487831	Jun 2026 → Mar 2028 expected	atopic eczema, psoriasis	University of California, San Francisco	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07447063	Jun 2026 → Mar 2028 expected	atopic eczema	University of California, San Francisco	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06242795	Oct 2024 → Jun 2026 overdue	bronchiectasis	University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06441162	Jul 2024 → May 2025	acute bronchiolitis	NYU Langone Health	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07108881	May → Dec 2024	acute hypotension	University Tunis El Manar	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06076590	Nov 2021 → May 2023	acquired aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage	Capital Medical University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05109000	Nov 2021 → Jan 2022	—	Jeffrey Alan Klein, MD	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03880903	Jul 2020 → Mar 2021	acute bronchiolitis	Assiut University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03068741	Mar 2020 → Nov 2025	infectious disease with sepsis	Dr. Damon Scales	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04222816	Jan 2020 → Dec 2021	bipolar disorder	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06114459	Aug 2019 → Mar 2023	—	Linkoeping University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02435069	Feb 2016 → Mar 2017	neurogenic bowel	Nemours Children's Clinic	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02542241	Nov 2015 → Sep 2018	—	Fundacion Clinica Valle del Lili	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03115060	Apr 2015 → Apr 2018	disorder of acid-base balance	Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02209272	Aug 2014 → Feb 2018	osteoarthritis, hip	Mayo Clinic	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02037815	Jan → Apr 2014	brain edema	Capital Medical University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02225431	Sep 2012 → Apr 2015	acute kidney injury	Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01660867	Aug 2012 → Dec 2014	acute bronchiolitis	Seoul National University Hospital	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00700375	Jul 2008 → Mar 2010	—	Osaka General Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01016249	Apr 2007 → Apr 2008	acute bronchiolitis	Hamad Medical Corporation	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00953940	Jun 2005 → Feb 2011	—	Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03537989	Nov 1999 → Aug 2001	—	Holbaek Sygehus	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00144820	May 1999 → Nov 2001	osteoarthritis, knee	Glostrup University Hospital, Copenhagen	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00493662	—	dry eye syndrome	Innovative Medical	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase not applicable35 trials
—	NCT07598188	Jul 2026 → Jan 2027 expected	periapical periodontitis	Islamabad Medical and Dental College	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07490808	Mar → Jul 2026 overdue	acute kidney injury, atrial fibrillation	Beijing Anzhen Hospital	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07267897	Mar → Jun 2026 overdue	—	Sakarya University	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07452588	Feb → Aug 2026 overdue	keratitis	Sohag University	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07260240	Dec 2025 → Mar 2026	—	Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital, Thailand	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07486245	Mar → Nov 2025	pulpitis	CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06022302	Oct 2023 → Nov 2024	metabolic disease	University of Copenhagen	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06343493	Jun → Dec 2023	chronic rhinosinusitis	Rawalpindi Medical College	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05921695	May 2023 → Jun 2026	—	Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05707936	Feb → Sep 2023	—	Chang Gung Memorial Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05980494	Sep 2022 → May 2024	infectious disease with sepsis	Fayoum University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06950229	Oct 2020 → Mar 2021	—	Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03685214	Mar 2019 → Apr 2021	acute kidney injury, infectious disease with sepsis	ZhiYong Peng	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03563378	Jul 2018 → May 2020	biliary atresia intrahepatic syndromic form	RenJi Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03188614	Aug 2017 → Sep 2018	—	Southeast University, China	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04215042	May 2016 → Dec 2019	acute kidney injury	Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03107598	Mar → Sep 2016	hypotensive disorder	University Hospital, Mahdia	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02561325	Sep 2015 → Jan 2017	—	University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02413125	Feb → Jun 2015	sinusitis	University of Virginia	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02564016	Oct 2014 → Sep 2016	pregnancy disorder	Medical University of South Carolina	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02172092	Aug 2014 → Dec 2018	diabetes mellitus	University Hospital, Linkoeping	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02112019	Jun 2014 → Dec 2017	Sjogren syndrome	Derk Jan Jager	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02203123	Mar 2014 → Apr 2015	dehydration polycythemia	Seoul National University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02050295	Feb 2014 → Jan 2018	—	University of Alberta	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02045238	Jul 2013 → Dec 2014	acute bronchiolitis	University of Sao Paulo	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01890252	Jul 2013 → Jan 2014	corneal edema	Eye-yon Medical	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01823848	Apr 2013 → Dec 2017	constipation disorder	Children's Hospital Los Angeles	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01654328	Aug 2012 → Oct 2014	—	Prof. Dr. J. Wetzels	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01488448	Nov 2011 → Jul 2014	bronchiolitis	Montefiore Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01449721	Sep 2011 → Jan 2015	infectious disease with sepsis	Christiana Care Health Services	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01128413	Jul 2010 → Nov 2013	—	Washington University School of Medicine	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01000350	Oct 2009 → Jun 2028 expected	postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome	Vanderbilt University Medical Center	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01566084	Feb 2009 → Jan 2012	hypertensive disorder	University of Colorado, Boulder	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00474162	May 2007 → Feb 2008	—	University of British Columbia	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00353340	Jan 2005 → Jan 2008	acute kidney injury	Shaare Zedek Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded

Also used as a comparator or background therapy in 178 trials

Phase	Registry id	Dates	Indication	Sponsor	Status	Outcome
Phase 04 trials
Phase 0	NCT05505708 Comparator	Dec 2022 → Jan 2023	pulmonary edema	Kasr El Aini Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT03330704 Comparator	Nov 2017 → Jan 2020	brain edema	Stanford University	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT03246282 Background	Feb 2017 → Dec 2018	—	John W. Reeves, MD	Suspended	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT02989571 Comparator	Mar 2016 → Dec 2020	—	MemorialCare Health System	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 16 trials
Phase 1	NCT03340805 Comparator	Jan → Aug 2018	—	Children's Hospital of Philadelphia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT03306589 Background	Aug 2017 → Jan 2018	rheumatoid arthritis	GlaxoSmithKline	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT03204955 Comparator	Jun 2017 → Sep 2018	acute kidney injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage	Emory University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT03063476 Background	Mar → May 2017	—	Vanderbilt University Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT03391414 Comparator	Aug 2014 → Jul 2016	cystic fibrosis	Joseph Pilewski	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT01223183 Comparator	Sep 2010 → Dec 2012	cystic fibrosis	University of Pittsburgh	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 1/24 trials
Phase 1/2	NCT04206943 Background	Oct 2019 → Jan 2021	acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Acibadem University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT02227329 Background	Jul 2014 → Oct 2016	—	Mayo Clinic	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT01087853 Comparator	Mar 2010 → Mar 2011	disorder of acid-base balance, water intoxication	University of Nottingham	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT01547130 Comparator	May 2008 → Dec 2010	colonic neoplasm	Arya, Vijaypal, M.D., P.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 224 trials
Phase 2	NCT05909150 Comparator	Nov 2023 → Mar 2027 expected	acute kidney injury	Fernando Bacal	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT05196581 Comparator	Dec 2021 → Jul 2022	COVID-19	Suzana Erico Tanni Minamoto	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04842721 Comparator	Jul → Oct 2021	COVID-19	Rafik Batroussy	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT03166228 Comparator	Jan 2018 → Jun 2022	hypertensive disorder	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02985060 Background	Nov 2016 → Nov 2017	ischemic stroke	Seoul National University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02632630 Comparator	Mar 2016 → Feb 2018	nutritional deficiency disease	London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02668952 Comparator	Jan 2016 → Feb 2017	acute kidney injury	University of New Mexico	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02622126 Comparator	Jan → Jul 2016	blood coagulation disease	Assiut University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02707549 Comparator	Aug 2015 → Dec 2016	brain neoplasm	Federal University of São Paulo	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01838863 Comparator	Apr 2014 → Apr 2017	—	Denver Health and Hospital Authority	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT03476460 Comparator	Apr 2014 → Nov 2019	acute kidney injury, chronic renal failure syndrome, diabetes mellitus, heart failure	Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02760901 Comparator	Nov 2013 → Oct 2015	cisplatin toxicity	Ain Shams University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01952470 Comparator	Oct 2013 → Aug 2017	disease related to solid organ transplantation, respiratory tract infectious disorder	The Alfred	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02046135 Comparator	Sep 2013 → Jun 2017	acute kidney injury, congenital heart disease	Northwell Health	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01619657 Comparator	Jun 2012 → Nov 2016	cystic fibrosis	Heidelberg University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02276898 Comparator	Nov 2011 → Sep 2014	cystic fibrosis	The Hospital for Sick Children	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01285713 Comparator	Sep 2010 → Aug 2011	—	Children's Hospital of Philadelphia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01573117 Comparator	Sep 2010 → Nov 2011	hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke	University Hospital Heidelberg	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00706771 Comparator	Feb 2010 → Sep 2012	impaired renal function disease	Austin Health	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00696540 Comparator	Jun → Sep 2008	bronchiolitis	University Diego Portales	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00575484 Comparator	Nov 2007 → Jul 2008	congestive heart failure, impaired renal function disease	Barnes-Jewish Hospital	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00540904 Comparator	Sep 2007 → Aug 2008	—	Barretos Cancer Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00583466 Comparator	May 2007 → May 2008	gastrointestinal polyp	Johns Hopkins University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00308152 Comparator	Feb 2006 → May 2008	colonic disorder	The Canberra Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 2/38 trials
Phase 2/3	NCT05869565 Comparator	Feb 2023 → Feb 2024	stroke disorder	Aga Khan University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT02950883 Comparator	Mar 2015 → Dec 2020	cystic fibrosis	University of Washington, the Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT02752308 Comparator	Sep 2014 → Mar 2015	hypospadias	Isfahan University of Medical Sciences	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT02088502 Comparator	Sep 2013 → Apr 2014	—	Isfahan University of Medical Sciences	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT02114346 Background	Jul 2013 → Feb 2014	—	Isfahan University of Medical Sciences	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00995683 Comparator	Jun 2009 → May 2011	traumatic brain injury	Institut d'Anesthesiologie des Alpes Maritimes	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00130598 Comparator	Jun 2005 → Dec 2009	acute kidney injury	University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00878631 Comparator	Sep 2004 → Jan 2006	traumatic brain injury	Unity Health Toronto	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 334 trials
Phase 3	NCT07497542 Comparator	Apr 2026 → Aug 2029 expected	brain infarction	Tianjin Medical University General Hospital	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT06020495 Background	Dec 2024 → Sep 2026 expected	—	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT06030609 Comparator	Sep 2024 → Feb 2026	disorder of acid-base balance	King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT06545565 Comparator	Jul 2024 → May 2025 overdue	metabolic acidosis	Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT06363877 Comparator	Jun 2024 → Oct 2026 expected	—	Loma Linda University	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT05752279 Comparator	Mar 2024 → Jul 2026 overdue	diabetic ketoacidosis	The George Institute	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02686151 Background	Dec 2023 → Mar 2024	ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome	The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT05355974 Background	Aug 2022 → Jul 2024	hypotensive disorder, orthostatic hypotension 2, respiratory failure	Wright State University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT04102371 Comparator	Aug 2020 → Dec 2025	—	Children's Hospital of Philadelphia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03630224 Comparator	Jun 2019 → Aug 2023	acute kidney injury	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03829488 Comparator	Jan 2018 → Jul 2021	end stage renal failure	The University of Queensland	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03277677 Comparator	Jul 2017 → Jul 2018	acute kidney injury, infectious disease with sepsis	Chulalongkorn University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03054922 Comparator	Feb 2017 → Sep 2018	—	Nationwide Children's Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02402049 Comparator	Mar 2015 → Mar 2016	premenstrual tension	Shaare Zedek Medical Center	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02980003 Comparator	Mar 2015 → Oct 2020	acute kidney injury	G. d'Annunzio University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02336620 Comparator	Dec 2014 → Jan 2017	infectious disease with sepsis	Ramathibodi Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02280473 Comparator	Nov 2014 → Mar 2015	dry eye syndrome	Allergan	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02641561 Comparator	Oct 2014 → Jun 2016	acute pancreatitis	The Cooper Health System	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01467466 Comparator	Oct 2013 → Sep 2017	acute kidney injury, coronary artery disorder	VA Office of Research and Development	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01909336 Comparator	Jul 2013 → Feb 2014	—	Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterey	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01812525 Comparator	Mar 2013 → Apr 2016	acute bronchiolitis	Raphaelle Jaquet-Pilloud	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01271114 Comparator	Jun 2012 → Dec 2013	infectious disease with sepsis	Hospital General de Ciudad Real	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01636089 Comparator	Feb 2012 → Jan 2015	acute kidney injury	University Hospital, Caen	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01111682 Comparator	Apr → Nov 2010	intracranial hypertension, traumatic brain injury	University of Cincinnati	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00935168 Comparator	Dec 2009 → Apr 2012	—	The George Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01210456 Comparator	Oct 2009 → Oct 2014	chronic kidney disease	Tokushukai Medical Group	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00796354 Comparator	Nov 2008 → Feb 2010	constipation disorder	Norgine	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00847977 Comparator	Oct 2008 → Oct 2010	traumatic brain injury	Nantes University Hospital	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00702728 Comparator	Jun 2008 → Jun 2009	acute tubulointerstitial nephritis	Centro Cardiologico Monzino	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00632775 Comparator	Dec 2007 → Sep 2012	—	The Hospital for Sick Children	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00514150 Comparator	Aug 2007 → Jun 2008	acute tubulointerstitial nephritis	Tehran University of Medical Sciences	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00457873 Comparator	Jan 2007 → Apr 2008	bronchiolitis, gastroenteritis, infectious disease with sepsis, urinary tract infection	McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00522756 Comparator	May 2006 → Dec 2012	acute kidney injury	McGill University Health Centre/Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00799916 Comparator	Jan 2006 → Aug 2009	infectious disease with sepsis	National University of La Plata	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 443 trials
Phase 4	NCT07437339 Comparator	Mar 2026 → Dec 2027 expected	—	Inova Health Care Services	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06541535 Comparator	Nov 2025 → Dec 2027 expected	diabetic ketoacidosis	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07035509 Comparator	Jul 2025 → Jul 2026 overdue	infectious disease with sepsis	Fundación Cardioinfantil Instituto de Cardiología	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07286526 Comparator	Aug 2024 → Mar 2025	acute kidney injury	Yunus Emre Gemici	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06374823 Comparator	May 2024 → Dec 2026 expected	critical illness polyneuropathy, hemorrhagic stroke	Capital Medical University	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05781243 Comparator	Jun 2023 → Sep 2024	acute pancreatitis	Enrique de-Madaria	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05808972 Comparator	Nov 2022 → Dec 2023	diabetic ketoacidosis	Tunis University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04680936 Comparator	Jan 2021 → May 2022	epicondylitis	Ahi Evran University Education and Research Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04213508 Comparator	Feb 2020 → Jan 2021	sinusitis	Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04243655 Background	Dec 2019 → Oct 2020	liver disorder	Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, India	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03961048 Background	Jul 2019 → Sep 2020	—	Virginia Commonwealth University	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03066440 Comparator	Sep 2018 → Mar 2024	diabetic ketoacidosis	State University of New York at Buffalo	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03529097 Comparator	Jun 2018 → Dec 2019	urinary tract obstruction	Sheba Medical Center	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03280745 Comparator	Feb 2018 → May 2019	cardiac valvular defect, cardiovascular disorder	Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02721654 Comparator	Sep 2017 → Mar 2021	—	The George Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03420261 Comparator	Aug 2017 → Jul 2018	—	University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03070847 Background	Mar 2017 → Mar 2019	—	Bartłomiej Wódarski	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03011632 Background	Jan 2017 → Aug 2019	asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis	Medical University of Lodz	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03627884 Comparator	Oct 2016 → Mar 2018	acute kidney injury, end stage renal failure	Coney Island Hospital, Brooklyn, NY	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04512950 Comparator	Aug 2016 → Jun 2020	—	Ottawa Hospital Research Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02590081 Comparator	Oct 2015 → Oct 2016	end stage renal failure	Penang Hospital, Malaysia	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02421419 Comparator	Jun 2015 → Jan 2017	tendon sheath disorder	Kenneth Taylor, M.D.	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02528448 Comparator	Mar 2015 → Feb 2016	poisoning	Regional Hospital Holstebro	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02084771 Comparator	Oct 2014 → Dec 2015	acute kidney injury	Ottawa Hospital Research Institute	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01491243 Comparator	Jan 2014 → Dec 2015	coronary artery disorder	University of Roma La Sapienza	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01939145 Comparator	Sep 2013 → Jul 2014	skin infection	Georgetown University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02233985 Comparator	Aug 2013 → Feb 2017	acute bronchiolitis, asthma	Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Mexico	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01692769 Comparator	May 2013 → Aug 2014	brain injury	London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01611324 Comparator	May → Dec 2012	varicose disease	Campus-Bio-Medico University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01782573 Comparator	Oct 2011 → Sep 2012	liver and intrahepatic bile duct neoplasm	Changhua Christian Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01234883 Comparator	Jun 2011 → Feb 2013	gastroenteritis	Baxter Healthcare Corporation	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01742130 Comparator	Jan 2011 → Oct 2013	acute kidney injury	Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01871857 Comparator	Nov 2010 → Aug 2012	acute bronchiolitis	Le Bonheur Children's Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01795638 Comparator	Oct 2009 → Jan 2011	—	Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00950079 Comparator	Feb 2008 → Aug 2009	acute tubulointerstitial nephritis	CardioVascular Research Foundation, Korea	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00639912 Comparator	Jun 2007 → May 2010	—	Azienda USL Reggio Emilia - IRCCS	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00384995 Comparator	Dec 2006 → Jul 2009	acute kidney injury	Italian Society of Nephrology	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00392145 Comparator	Nov 2006 → May 2010	gastroenteritis	The Hospital for Sick Children	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00377403 Background	Oct 2006 → May 2009	respiratory tract infectious disorder, sinusitis	Washington University School of Medicine	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00273728 Comparator	May 2005 → Jun 2010	infectious disease with sepsis	University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00606827 Comparator	Jan 2005 → Mar 2006	—	Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00770614 Comparator	Mar 2004 → Jun 2008	acute tubulointerstitial nephritis	Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00749827 Comparator	—	acute tubulointerstitial nephritis	Memorial University of Newfoundland	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded

Phase not applicable55 trials
—	NCT07550790 Comparator	Jul 2026 → Jun 2027 expected	heart failure, impaired renal function disease	Jin Joo Park	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07385560 Background	Feb → May 2026 overdue	osteoarthritis, knee, popliteal cyst	Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07202559 Comparator	Oct 2025 → Dec 2027 expected	acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis	Changhai Hospital	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07188766 Comparator	Oct 2025 → Aug 2028 expected	vascular occlusion disorder	Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07647575 Comparator	Oct 2025 → Apr 2028 expected	bronchiectasis, pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection	Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07138625 Comparator	Oct 2025 → Mar 2026 overdue	acute bronchiolitis	University Of Anbar	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07503574 Comparator	Apr → Jul 2025	myofascial pain syndrome	Ankara University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06848894 Background	Mar 2025 → Dec 2026 expected	ischemic stroke	Beijing Tiantan Hospital	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07167797 Comparator	Jan → May 2025	Rotavirus infection	University of Baghdad	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06339203 Comparator	Jun 2024 → Dec 2026 expected	—	Loma Linda University	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05772234 Comparator	Nov 2023 → Mar 2025	chronic pancreatitis	Changhai Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06158555 Background	Apr 2023 → Jun 2024	—	King's College Hospital NHS Trust	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04043598 Comparator	May 2022 → Jul 2027 expected	subarachnoid hemorrhage	Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05209841 Comparator	Apr 2022 → Jul 2026 overdue	—	Consorci Sanitari de l'Alt Penedès i Garraf	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05194761 Comparator	Oct 2021 → Jul 2022	neonatal respiratory failure	Ain Shams University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04621981 Comparator	Mar 2021 → Sep 2022	infectious disease with sepsis	Xiangya Hospital of Central South University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05264584 Background	Dec 2020 → Sep 2021	chronic kidney disease	Ain Shams University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04137042 Comparator	Mar 2020 → May 2021	—	National Taiwan University Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT04492150 Background	Sep 2019 → Sep 2020	—	Suez Canal University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05914896 Comparator	Apr 2019 → Jun 2020	acute kidney injury	Umeå University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03591172 Comparator	Sep → Nov 2018	—	Cairo University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03954860 Background	Aug 2018 → Sep 2019	osteoarthritis, knee	Qilu Hospital of Shandong University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05953675 Comparator	Aug 2018 → Dec 2024	—	Zealand University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03533777 Background	Jun 2018 → Jun 2019	—	University of Iowa	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03948230 Comparator	Jan 2018 → Jul 2019	—	Swansea University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03371199 Comparator	Dec 2017 → Dec 2018	metabolic bone disorder	Rigshospitalet, Denmark	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03215862 Comparator	Aug 2017 → Aug 2018 overdue	acute pancreatitis	University of South Florida	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02835157 Comparator	Apr 2017 → Jan 2020	infectious disease with sepsis	All India Institute of Medical Sciences	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03048162 Comparator	Feb → May 2017	—	Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02726620 Background	Jan → Dec 2017	hypotensive disorder	Vanderbilt University Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02718521 Background	Mar 2016 → Mar 2017	cardio-renal syndrome	Chinese PLA General Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02660151 Background	Feb 2016 → Oct 2018	corneal edema	Eye-yon Medical	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03136458 Background	Jan 2016 → Oct 2018	—	Camilo Andrés Páez Angarita	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02822131 Background	Jan → Jun 2016	hypertensive disorder	University of Zurich	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02383992 Comparator	Oct 2015 → Oct 2019	—	Northwestern University	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02530346 Comparator	Oct 2015 → Dec 2019	—	Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02378467 Comparator	Mar 2015 → Aug 2018	cystic fibrosis	University of Washington, the Collaborative Health Studies Coordinating Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02476448 Comparator	Feb 2015 → Feb 2016	ureteral disorder	Cecilia Calvo	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02305199 Comparator	Jan 2015 → Apr 2017	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Yeungnam University College of Medicine	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02785133 Background	Dec 2014 → Oct 2016	—	UVLrx Therapeutics	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02520804 Comparator	Nov 2014 → Jun 2017	acute kidney injury	Mahidol University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03956446 Background	Sep 2014 → Dec 2027 expected	tick-borne encephalitis	University Medical Centre Ljubljana	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02782819 Comparator	Sep 2014 → Aug 2018	hypotensive disorder	Mahidol University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02067195 Comparator	Jul 2014 → Mar 2016	ST-elevation myocardial infarction	Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02405377 Background	Feb 2014 → Feb 2015	cardio-renal syndrome	Chinese PLA General Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02462902 Comparator	Feb 2014 → Jun 2015	cirrhosis of liver	Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01722422 Comparator	Oct 2012 → Sep 2014	adult acute respiratory distress syndrome, infectious disease with sepsis	University Hospital, Angers	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01585740 Comparator	Sep 2011 → Apr 2012	metabolic acidosis	Makerere University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01882920 Comparator	Jun 2010 → Jun 2012	peritoneal neoplasm	Regina Elena Cancer Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01066624 Comparator	Aug 2009 → Jan 2014	chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis, plasma cell myeloma	The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00964015 Comparator	Aug 2009 → Jun 2010	—	London Health Sciences Centre	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00924404 Comparator	May 2009 → Aug 2014	chronic rhinosinusitis	University of Iowa	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00709280 Comparator	Apr 2009 → Oct 2011	cystic fibrosis	CF Therapeutics Development Network Coordinating Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00608790 Background	Feb 2008 → Dec 2012	tuberculosis	University of Cape Town	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01972828 Background	Jul 2007 → Aug 2013	infectious disease with sepsis	Hospices Civils de Lyon	Completed	No outcome recorded

Evidence & citations 37 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 282 sources stand behind the page.

Field	Value	Cited text
Known as	sodium chloride	“Following aspiration, an injection mixture consisting of 1 mL betamethasone, 1 mL of 2% lidocaine, and 1 mL of 0.9% isotonic sodium chloride is administered into the...” NCT07385560 ↗ 121 “The aim of this study is to determine whether sodium bicarbonate is superior to sodium chloride in preventing contrast induced nephropathy in diabetic patients undergoing...” NCT00950079 ↗ “Treatment of the metabolic alkalosis with volume and sodium chloride (NaCl) replacement could reduce hypoventilation and hypercapnia, thereby improving symptoms, sleep patterns...” NCT00163852 ↗ “3% and 5% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, hypertonic solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment in single dose containers for intravenous...” NCT04147182 ↗ “The Active Rinse is a 25 ml of Hypertonic Saturated Saline solution made by mixing 10 grams of Sodium Chloride (Table Salt) in 25 ml of Tap water with some salt crystals deposited.” NCT04842721 ↗ “0.9 percent sodium chloride will be administered via IV route to all subjects at a rate of 250 mL/hour for 4 hours prior to dosing with LPS and 8 hours after dosing with LPS.” NCT03306589 ↗ “Patients received 4 mL of 3% sodium chloride (hypertonic saline [HS group]) or 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline [NS group]) inhaled as many as 3 times in the ED.” PMID 24862623 ↗ Jul 2014 “Patients were randomized to receive intravenous volume supplementation with either (A) sodium chloride 0.9% 1 mL/kg/h for at least 12h prior and after the procedure” PMID 22267245 ↗ Jan 2012 “0.9 % sodium chloride (NaCl) intravenous (IV) fluid replacement in children with moderate to severe dehydration secondary to acute gastroenteritis (AGE).” PMID 27480410 ↗ Aug 2016 “randomized to receive a 154-mEq/L infusion of either sodium chloride (n = 59) or sodium bicarbonate (n = 60) before and after iopamidol administration” PMID 15150204 ↗ May 2004 “The coload group received a sodium chloride 0.9% perfusion as rapidly as possible starting at the time of intrathecal injection for spinal anesthesia.” NCT03107598 ↗ “Standard treatment for rotavirus which includes rehydration therapy and antipyretic therapy including sodium chloride fluid and paracetamol infusion” NCT07167797 ↗ “Most nasal irrigations use normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride), which approximates the physiological concentration of plasma in the blood.” NCT02413125 ↗ “prime solution containing Ringer-Acetate 1000 ml + Mannitol 400 ml (60 g) + Sodium-Chloride 40 ml (160 mmol) and Heparin 2 ml (10 000 IU)” NCT05914896 ↗ “prepared from sodium chloride 0.9% intravenous solution and sodium chloride 3% intravenous solution (, Egypt Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co.).” NCT04785755 ↗ “Lidocaine-saline group were injected with 2 ml of lidocaine hydrochloride (20 mg/ml) and 6 ml of a 0.9% sodium chloride mixture.” NCT07503574 ↗ “large quantity of ice-cold saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection USP) will be pumped as rapidly as possible into the aorta” NCT01042015 ↗ “Sachet B: sodium citrate 1.863 g, anhydrous citric acid 0.813 g, sodium chloride 0.730 g, potassium chloride 0.370 g;” NCT03106922 ↗ “Patients were randomised to receive standard SC with nebulisation of 4 mL of 3% sodium chloride every 6 hours” PMID 31488402 ↗ Sep 2019 “NSCLS contained 0.9% sodium chloride at a pH 4.5-7.0, and was used to lock NSCLS-group patient catheters.” NCT03627884 ↗ “4 mL mepivacaine chlorhydrate 20 mg/mL with epinephrine 5 mcg/mL diluted with 16 mL sodium chloride 0.9%” NCT01611324 ↗ “Tranexamic Acid would be diluted in 0,9% Sodium Chloride (0,9% NaCl) to cumulative volume of 20 ml.” NCT03070847 ↗ “supplemental 3ml 0.9% Sodium chloride (NaCl) solution in a nasal nebuliser once a day for 3 months” NCT03011632 ↗ “0.9% sodium chloride at 1 ml/kg/h is administered via a slow intravenous perfusion.” NCT01786824 ↗ “Isotonic Saline (0.9% sodium chloride) 1 mL/kg/h for 12 hours after the procedure” NCT00770614 ↗ “normal salt' condition (2300 mg sodium chloride pills + 1200 mg dietary sodium)” NCT01566084 ↗ “300mg sodium chloride consumed in a capsule on two occasions with 300ml water” NCT03948230 ↗ “HUK (0.15 PNA) and sodium chloride injection (100ml), once per day” NCT06848894 ↗ “Sodium Chloride 3% solution, previously prepared in 5 mL syringes.” NCT02045238 ↗ “Intravenous fluid resuscitation with saline (0.9% sodium chloride)” NCT00935168 ↗ “saline injection contains 0.9% isotonic sodium chloride solution” NCT04197245 ↗ “Both arms were treated with 5% sodium chloride 6 times a day.” PMID 33014443 ↗ Sep 2020 “effectiveness of inhaled sodium chloride therapy (BREATHOX®)” NCT05196581 ↗ “0.9% sodium chloride solution 2000 ml / day i.v. infusion” NCT04206943 ↗ “Catheters will be sealed with 3mL of 0.9% sodium chloride” NCT05209841 ↗ “154mEq/L of sodium chloride is given intravenously.” NCT01210456 ↗ “0.9% sodium chloride solution, Glycerol, Glycerin” NCT02435069 ↗ “PARI Hyper-Sal™ Sodium Chloride Solution - 7%” NCT02276898 ↗ “Fluid expansion, Sodium Chloride NaCl 0.9%.” NCT02905760 ↗ “250 ml of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Solution” NCT03246282 ↗ “150 ml of 0.9% Sodium Chloride Solution” NCT02785133 ↗ “0.9% Sodium chloride intravenous fluid” NCT01449721 ↗ “Sodium Chloride (NaCl) 2.6 g. per os” NCT04802785 ↗ “sodium chloride 3% 150ml for 20 min” NCT06020495 ↗ “0.45% Sodium Chloride/5% dextrose” NCT00632775 ↗ “intravenous 0.9% sodium chloride” PMID 29130810 ↗ Nov 2017 “saline (0.9% sodium chloride)” NCT06076590 ↗ “sodium chloride 0,9%” NCT01636089 ↗ “7% sodium chloride” NCT06242795 ↗ “sodium Chloride” NCT06545565 ↗ NCT02462902 ↗ NCT01782573 ↗ NCT07267897 ↗ NCT02046135 ↗ NCT01094704 ↗ NCT02835157 ↗ NCT06114459 ↗ NCT05109000 ↗ NCT06545565 ↗ NCT02421419 ↗ NCT00353340 ↗ NCT07487831 ↗ NCT00575484 ↗ NCT00700375 ↗ NCT05808972 ↗ NCT06441162 ↗ NCT06820164 ↗ NCT00384995 ↗ NCT06471998 ↗ NCT00228657 ↗ NCT00706771 ↗ NCT01066624 ↗ NCT02172092 ↗ NCT02142985 ↗ NCT07452588 ↗ NCT03204955 ↗ NCT02721654 ↗ NCT00639912 ↗ NCT02622126 ↗ NCT02668952 ↗ NCT00995683 ↗ NCT05154968 ↗ NCT05909150 ↗ NCT01488448 ↗ NCT06558461 ↗ NCT02542241 ↗ NCT05869565 ↗ NCT03829488 ↗ NCT00522756 ↗ NCT04215042 ↗ NCT02405377 ↗ NCT04680936 ↗ NCT02686151 ↗ NCT01411852 ↗ NCT05962255 ↗ NCT00608790 ↗ NCT02561325 ↗ NCT01654328 ↗ NCT07490808 ↗ NCT00493662 ↗ NCT02718521 ↗ NCT07596329 ↗ NCT07447063 ↗ NCT02225431 ↗ NCT03837470 ↗ NCT04213508 ↗ NCT02752308 ↗ NCT02037815 ↗ NCT03961048 ↗ NCT02067195 ↗ NCT07188766 ↗ NCT03476460 ↗ NCT03391414 ↗ NCT04222816 ↗ NCT03371199 ↗ NCT03954860 ↗ NCT02822131 ↗ NCT03529097 ↗ NCT01795638 ↗ NCT03330704 ↗ NCT03048162 ↗ NCT02707549 ↗
Known as	0.9 % Normal Saline	“A 20 mL/kg 0.9% normal saline bolus (maximum 999 mL) will be administered over 1 hour.” NCT00392145 ↗ 1 NCT07550790 ↗
Known as	0.9% NaCl	“After postoperative admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), patients will be randomly assigned to receive 5 ml/kg ideal body weight HS (7.3% NaCl) or normal saline (NS,...” PMID 31200756 ↗ Jun 2019 6 “Normal saline (0.9% NaCl) is an isotonic solution that is widely used for intravenous application but is also used as our SOC for wound irrigation.” NCT01939145 ↗ “Sodium chloride (0.9%) referred as 0.9% NaCl for 72 hours post symptom onset (60-72 hourspost randomization)” NCT05869565 ↗ “Tranexamic Acid would be diluted in 0,9% Sodium Chloride (0,9% NaCl) to cumulative volume of 20 ml.” NCT03070847 ↗ “Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl)” NCT06953674 ↗ NCT01573117 ↗ NCT00734214 ↗
Known as	0.9% saline	“In Phase A, 12 subjects will receive 2 litres of 0.9% saline BP (Baxter Health Care, Thetford, UK) or Plasmalyte® (Baxter Health Care, Thetford, UK).” NCT01087853 ↗ 7 “A total of 1500 ml 0.9% saline hydration therapy was administered over 2.5 hours.” NCT07286526 ↗ “Drug : ringer lactate, 0.9% saline, VOLUVEN ®” NCT01972828 ↗ NCT03420261 ↗ NCT02528448 ↗ NCT01365793 ↗ NCT04512950 ↗ NCT03685214 ↗
Known as	0.9% sodium chloride	“Participants assigned to the hydration group will receive 0.9% sodium chloride intravenously at 2 mL/kg/h starting when the participant enters the electrophysiology laboratory...” NCT07490808 ↗ 7 “saline (0.9% sodium chloride)” PMID 28651514 ↗ Jun 2017 NCT07437339 ↗ NCT02088502 ↗ NCT04043598 ↗ NCT02114346 ↗ NCT02233985 ↗ NCT05752279 ↗
Known as	0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection USP	“large quantity of ice-cold saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection USP) will be pumped as rapidly as possible into the aorta” NCT01042015 ↗
Known as	0.9% Sodium Chloride Saline	“Isotonic Saline ( 0.9% Sodium Chloride Saline)” NCT04213508 ↗
Known as	0.9% sodium chloride solution	“normal saline (0.9% sodium chloride solution)” NCT02590081 ↗
Known as	3% Sodium Chloride Saline	“Hypertonic Saline ( 3% Sodium Chloride Saline)” NCT04213508 ↗
Known as	bacteriostatic saline	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT02209272 ↗
Known as	hypersel	“Hypertonic saline at the concentration of 3% (hypersel) has been injected for years into echinococcal cysts to kill live scolices” NCT04147182 ↗
Known as	Hypertonic Saline	“Patients will receive inhaled Hypertonic Saline 3%, initially with a 2 hour interval, and clinical evaluation prior to each inhalation.” NCT02045238 ↗ 1 “Hypertonic Saline ( 3% Sodium Chloride Saline)” NCT04213508 ↗
Known as	isotonic saline	“Isotonic saline (NaCl 0.9%), called "physiological serum" is the standard fluid for the resuscitation of severely injured patients.” NCT03630224 ↗ 17 “Isotonic Saline ( 0.9% Sodium Chloride Saline)” NCT04213508 ↗ NCT00953940 ↗ NCT05953675 ↗ NCT06541535 ↗ NCT02950883 ↗ NCT00709280 ↗ NCT01223183 ↗ NCT01742130 ↗ NCT01619657 ↗ NCT02947126 ↗ NCT00770614 ↗ NCT00606827 ↗ NCT02980003 ↗ NCT04242368 ↗ NCT01952470 ↗ NCT02378467 ↗ NCT05264584 ↗
Known as	isotonic saline solution	“isotonic saline solution infusion (fluid preloading) to achieve correction of hypovolemia before spinal anesthesia using cardiac ultrasoud guidance by measurment of VTI...” NCT07108881 ↗ 1 NCT00702728 ↗
Known as	MOVICOL	“one sacket of Movicol powder (13 g macrogol 3350)” NCT06022302 ↗ 1 NCT00796354 ↗
Known as	NaCl	“Treatment of the metabolic alkalosis with volume and sodium chloride (NaCl) replacement could reduce hypoventilation and hypercapnia, thereby improving symptoms, sleep patterns...” NCT00163852 ↗ 10 “dispersible NaCl powder, 8 mg per session per hour (one administration in each nostril and two oral inhalations)” NCT05196581 ↗ “supplemental 3ml 0.9% Sodium chloride (NaCl) solution in a nasal nebuliser once a day for 3 months” NCT03011632 ↗ “0.9% Sodium Chloride (NaCl) saline will be used as nasal irrigation for two groups.” NCT04213508 ↗ “50 mL of 10% hypertonic sodium chloride (NaCl)” NCT07596329 ↗ “Sodium Chloride (NaCl) 0.9 %” NCT07188766 ↗ “0.9 % sodium chloride (NaCl)” PMID 27480410 ↗ Aug 2016 “Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl)” NCT07486245 ↗ NCT06158555 ↗ NCT00540904 ↗ NCT01812525 ↗
Known as	NaCl 0.9%	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT03630224 ↗
Known as	Natrum muriaticum	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT02402049 ↗
Known as	Normal (0.9%) saline	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT01547130 ↗
Known as	normal saline	“Drug: 0.9% Isotonic Saline (IS) 4 mL of IS will be administered via inhalation twice daily for 48 weeks The delivery system is the same as that for the test product. Other...” NCT02950883 ↗ 83 “The purpose of this study is to compare a large volume ACE flush using a salt water solution called normal saline with a small volume ACE flush using liquid glycerin.” NCT02435069 ↗ “Patient will receive normal saline or Ringer lactate or other balance salt solution during fluid resuscitation for shock reversal.” NCT02782819 ↗ “Normal saline will be give to subjects in the standard arm as the current standard of care for an initial resuscitation fluid” NCT01838863 ↗ “Basal infusion of crystalloid (normal saline,Ringer's lactate,Ringer's solution)variable from 4 to 12 ml/kg/hour.” NCT01882920 ↗ “The placebo group is resuscitated with normal saline, the experimental group is resuscitated with balanced fluid.” NCT03188614 ↗ “0.9% Normal Saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride) injection intravenously as needed.” NCT02668952 ↗ “stoma enemas (20mlkgdo of normal saline 3 times a day) will be prescribed” NCT02530346 ↗ “0.9% normal saline infusion and boluses of mannitol” NCT01111682 ↗ “normal saline, dextrose, lactated Ringer's” NCT02632630 ↗ “Drug: Normal saline” NCT05209841 ↗ NCT01016249 ↗ NCT01128413 ↗ NCT01871857 ↗ NCT00964015 ↗ NCT03880903 ↗ NCT06339203 ↗ NCT02383992 ↗ NCT00583466 ↗ NCT03136458 ↗ NCT03340805 ↗ NCT07497542 ↗ NCT06953674 ↗ NCT05194761 ↗ NCT00514150 ↗ NCT05980494 ↗ NCT00474162 ↗ NCT01285713 ↗ NCT06370975 ↗ NCT03563378 ↗ NCT07260240 ↗ NCT06030609 ↗ NCT05634213 ↗ NCT01692769 ↗ NCT02476448 ↗ NCT02227329 ↗ NCT02564016 ↗ NCT05355974 ↗ NCT07647575 ↗ NCT03533777 ↗ NCT03166228 ↗ NCT01823848 ↗ NCT01271114 ↗ NCT02590081 ↗ NCT03063476 ↗ NCT01939145 ↗ NCT05921695 ↗ NCT00878631 ↗ NCT05121389 ↗ NCT02203123 ↗ NCT04102371 ↗ NCT00819416 ↗ NCT02221024 ↗ NCT06374823 ↗ NCT00273728 ↗ NCT03277677 ↗ NCT07138625 ↗ NCT02305199 ↗ NCT03115060 ↗ NCT07035509 ↗ NCT03215862 ↗ NCT03054922 ↗ NCT02520804 ↗ NCT07486245 ↗ NCT05772234 ↗ NCT02854683 ↗ NCT00308152 ↗ NCT06343493 ↗ NCT01073787 ↗ NCT04621981 ↗ NCT06363877 ↗ NCT03066440 ↗ NCT02641561 ↗ NCT05707936 ↗ NCT06139029 ↗ NCT00696540 ↗ NCT07202559 ↗ NCT06950229 ↗ NCT02413125 ↗ NCT01585740 ↗ NCT02989571 ↗ NCT05029596 ↗ NCT02336620 ↗ NCT05781243 ↗
Known as	normal saline solution	“The aim of this study was to show that 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 achieves a better resuscitation of the microcirculation than normal saline solution (SS), during...” PMID 20813485 ↗ Sep 2010 3 “Ringer lactate solution (RLS) and normal saline solution (NSS) with dextrose water (D5W)” NCT06030609 ↗ “normal saline solution (0.9% sodium chloride)” NCT02707549 ↗ “Drug: Normal Saline Solution” NCT02785133 ↗
Known as	Normal saline. Isotonic saline. Sodium Chloride 0.9% .	“Normal saline. Isotonic saline. Sodium Chloride 0.9% .” NCT00639912 ↗
Known as	NSS	“Ringer lactate solution (RLS) and normal saline solution (NSS) with dextrose water (D5W)” NCT06030609 ↗
Known as	PARI Hyper-Sal	“PARI Hyper-Sal™ Sodium Chloride Solution - 7%” NCT02276898 ↗
Known as	physiological saline	“physiological saline 20 mL (distention)” PMID 18415773 ↗ Mar 2008
Known as	physiological serum	“Physiological serum: basic flow 30 ml/kg/j during 48 hoursand boli wished by physicians 20 ml/kg on 20 minutes Heafusine: boli 10 ml/kg on 20 minutes” NCT00847977 ↗ 1 “Isotonic saline (NaCl 0.9%), called "physiological serum" is the standard fluid for the resuscitation of severely injured patients.” NCT03630224 ↗
Known as	REFRESH LIQUIGEL	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT02280473 ↗
Known as	saline	“Paramedics will administer up to 2 litres of intravenous saline (0.9%) to all patients regardless of systolic blood pressure, and reassessing this infusion after each 250ml are infused.” NCT03068741 ↗ 30 “Isotonic or hypertonic saline or Ringer Lactate or any other crystalloids, at the necessary dose to restore hemodynamic for all ICU stay” NCT00318942 ↗ “Two types of fluids are commonly used. One is a salt water solution (saline) and the other is a starch water solution (pentastarch).” NCT00474162 ↗ “large quantity of ice-cold saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride for Injection USP) will be pumped as rapidly as possible into the aorta” NCT01042015 ↗ “Sodium chloride (0.9% saline) infusion is a sterile, non-pyrogenic solution of sodium chloride in Water for Injections.” NCT03829488 ↗ “administration of mannitol or 3% saline for severe elevation of Intra Cranial Pressure” NCT04243655 ↗ “0.9% saline as distension medium as long as diathermy is not in use” NCT03166228 ↗ “followed by 0.9% saline intravenously at 1 ml/Kg/hr for 6 hours.” NCT00749827 ↗ “saline (0.9% sodium chloride)” NCT06076590 ↗ NCT02760901 ↗ NCT04137042 ↗ NCT03591172 ↗ NCT01491243 ↗ NCT02112019 ↗ NCT00924404 ↗ NCT07598188 ↗ NCT01000350 ↗ NCT03537989 ↗ NCT00457873 ↗ NCT02050295 ↗ NCT02985060 ↗ NCT00377403 ↗ NCT01660867 ↗ NCT01909336 ↗ NCT00799916 ↗ NCT03956446 ↗ NCT02084771 ↗ NCT04344236 ↗ NCT01722422 ↗ NCT04492150 ↗ NCT01293084 ↗
Known as	Saline 0.9%	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT02875873 ↗
Known as	Saline and Listerine	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT04802408 ↗
Known as	Saline solution	“If there is contraindication for administration of bicarbonate the pattern of intravenous hydration is performed with saline solution: 3 ml / kg / h for 1 hour before the...” NCT02872155 ↗ 3 “Comparison of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 and saline solution for resuscitation of the microcirculation during the early goal-directed therapy of septic patients.” PMID 20813485 ↗ Sep 2010 NCT01890252 ↗ NCT05505708 ↗
Known as	Sodium Chloride 0.9%	ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT02726620 ↗
Known as	Sodium chloride injection	“Control group drug: Sodium chloride injection Manufacturer: Hua Run Shuang He Pharmaceutical Co., LTD.” NCT06076590 ↗
Known as	Sodium chloride tablets	“Drug: Sodium chloride tablets” NCT01654328 ↗
Known as	Table Salt	“The Active Rinse is a 25 ml of Hypertonic Saturated Saline solution made by mixing 10 grams of Sodium Chloride (Table Salt) in 25 ml of Tap water with some salt crystals deposited.” NCT04842721 ↗
Modality	Other / unclassified	“crystalloid fluids (salt based, normal saline)” NCT00819416 ↗
Route	Intravenous	“intravenous volume supplementation with either (A) sodium chloride 0.9%” PMID 22267245 ↗ Jan 2012