Drugs / Enalapril
last change Aug 2026 re-read 8 days ago

Enalapril

Other / unclassified targets ACE via inhibition

Developed for
hypertensive disorder · heart failure · cardiovascular disorder · diabetic kidney disease · dilated cardiomyopathy · essential hypertension · heart disorder · preeclampsia
+41 more · breast cancer · chemotherapy-induced toxicity · COVID-19 · IgA glomerulonephritis · type 2 diabetes mellitus · atherosclerosis · cancer · Chagas cardiomyopathy · congenital heart disease · congenital vascular malformation · diabetes mellitus · diastolic heart failure · erectile dysfunction · hypertension, pregnancy-induced · intracerebral hemorrhage · mild heart failure · moderate heart failure · muscular dystrophy · myocardial disorder · non-Hodgkin lymphoma · pneumonia · poisoning · proteinuria · pseudohypoaldosteronism · retinal ischemia · rheumatoid arthritis · sickle cell disease · symptomatic heart failure · type 1 diabetes mellitus · Barrett esophagus · Chagas disease · chronic kidney disease · complement 3 glomerulopathy · congestive heart failure · puerperal disorder · radiation pneumonitis · resistant hypertension · secondary hypertension · severe pre-eclampsia · ST-elevation myocardial infarction · systolic heart failure
Investigated by
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) · Novartis Pharmaceuticals · Ethicare GmbH · Duke University · European Institute of Oncology · Federal University of Minas Gerais
+88 more · Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre · National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) · Tehran University of Medical Sciences · University of Copenhagen · University of Sao Paulo · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · Assiut University · Astellas Pharma Inc · Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre · Berry Consultants · Bispebjerg Hospital · Boehringer Ingelheim · Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) · Children's Oncology Group · Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. · European Commission · European Union · GlaxoSmithKline · Global Coalition for Adaptive Research · Göteborg University · Haukeland University Hospital · Hospital Arnau de Vilanova · Hospital Britanico · Hospital Clinic of Barcelona · InCor Heart Institute · Instituto de Salud Carlos III · Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre · Istituto Auxologico Italiano · Italian Society of General Practitioners · Italian Society of Hypertension · Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust · Martin Huelsmann · Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota · Medical Research Institute of New Zealand · Medical University of Vienna · Meir Medical Center · Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans (Denmark) · Merck Frosst Canada Ltd. · Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC · Methodist Hospital Foundation · Michael Mauer, MD · Nat Intensive Care Surveillance - MORU · National Cancer Institute (NCI) · National Cheng-Kung University Hospital · National Health Security Office, Thailand · National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) · National University Hospital, Singapore · Nebraska Methodist Health System · Newcastle University · Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust · Norwegian Cancer Society · Oslo University Hospital · Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation · Penn State University · Pfizer · RECORDATI GROUP · Ramathibodi Hospital · Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences · Shiraz University of Medical Sciences · South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · St George's, University of London · St. Marianna University School of Medicine · Stanford University · São Paulo Research Foundation · Tanta University · The Cleveland Clinic · The Government Pharmaceutical Organization · The Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research (LACDR) · The Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Denmark · The Norwegian Melanoma Group · UMC Utrecht · Ubon Ratchathani Public Health Office, Thailand · Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Enfermedades Renales · Unity Health · all 94 on the full record

Regulatory milestones approvals, filings & regulatory actions · 8 recorded

MilestoneJurisdictionBrandIndicationDateSentence it was read from
Approved EU (EMA) Aqumeldi — 2023-11-15 europa.eu ↗
Label expansion US (FDA) EPANED KIT — 2014-09-04 fda.gov ↗
Label expansions (5) US (FDA) VASOTEC — 1988-06-24 – 2001-02-13 fda.gov ↗
Approved US (FDA) VASOTEC — 1985-12-24 fda.gov ↗

Trials 64 · started per year

today
US approved 1985
EU approved 2023
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PhaseRegistry idDatesIndicationSponsorStatusOutcome
Phase 15 trials
Phase 1 NCT02252692 Aug → Oct 2014 heart failure Ethicare GmbH Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT01822639 Apr → May 2013 hypertensive disorder GlaxoSmithKline Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT01117038 Apr → May 2010 erectile dysfunction VIVUS LLC Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT01115946 Mar → Apr 2010 — Astellas Pharma Inc Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT00899587 — retinal ischemia Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1/21 trial
Phase 1/2 NCT03179163 Jul 2016 → Aug 2022 essential hypertension Penn State University Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 213 trials · 1 missed
Phase 2 NCT06788314 Feb 2025 → Dec 2029 expected congenital vascular malformation Oslo University Hospital Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT05232370 Jan 2022 — Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Enfermedades Renales Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT03466333 Sep 2018 → Sep 2020 preeclampsia Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT03005184 Sep 2017 → Jan 2020 mild heart failure, moderate heart failure Vanderbilt University Medical Center Withdrawn No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT03667131 Feb → Dec 2017 rheumatoid arthritis University of Guadalajara Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT01705392 Jan 2013 → Feb 2017 metastatic melanoma Haukeland University Hospital Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 2 NCT02281838 Aug 2011 → Nov 2021 intracerebral hemorrhage University of Alberta Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT01093807 Mar 2010 → Mar 2011 essential hypertension RECORDATI GROUP Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT00603590 Nov 2006 → Jun 2008 heart disorder, hyperlipidemia, hypertensive disorder Tehran University of Medical Sciences Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT00394394 Feb 2005 → ? hypertensive disorder Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2/33 trials · 1 missed
Phase 2/3 NCT02678312 Nov 2016 → Jan 2022 heart failure Novartis Pharmaceuticals Completed Missed primary
Phase 2/3 NCT02654678 Mar 2016 → Apr 2018 congenital heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure Ethicare GmbH Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT02652728 Jan 2016 → Jun 2017 dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure Ethicare GmbH Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 316 trials · 3 met primary · 2 missed
Phase 3 NCT07222852 Nov 2025 → Oct 2027 expected preeclampsia Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT04591210 Jan 2021 → Dec 2024 COVID-19, cardiovascular disorder Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT04345406 Apr 2020 → Dec 2029 expected COVID-19 Tanta University Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT03265574 Oct 2017 → Aug 2023 breast cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Completed Missed primary
Phase 3 NCT03066804 Aug 2017 → Oct 2019 diastolic heart failure Novartis Pharmaceuticals Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT02735707 Apr 2016 → Feb 2026 overdue pneumonia UMC Utrecht Recruiting Mixed
Phase 3 NCT03459560 Dec 2015 → Mar 2022 cardiovascular disorder Tehran University of Medical Sciences Unknown Met primary
Phase 3 NCT01968200 Dec 2012 → Dec 2019 cancer European Institute of Oncology Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT02432885 Jun 2009 → Jun 2012 cardiovascular disorder, muscular dystrophy InCor Heart Institute Completed Met primary
Phase 3 NCT00853658 Mar 2009 → Oct 2015 heart failure Novartis Pharmaceuticals Completed Missed primary
Phase 414 trials · 1 met primary · 1 missed
Phase 4 NCT07023003 Jul 2025 → Jul 2028 expected hypertension, pregnancy-induced Nebraska Methodist Health System Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT05711810 Jan 2023 Orthocoronavirinae infectious disease, myocarditis Yang I. Pachankis Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT05637853 Oct 2022 → Aug 2024 overdue symptomatic heart failure Göteborg University Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT02817360 Feb 2016 → Dec 2025 overdue heart disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus Martin Huelsmann Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT01669434 Jun 2015 → Nov 2016 — University of Nebraska Completed Met primary
Phase 4 NCT02135263 Apr 2012 → May 2014 butyrylesterase 1 Bispebjerg Hospital Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT01211314 Jan → Dec 2011 hypertensive disorder Meir Medical Center Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 4 NCT01069042 Feb → Aug 2010 heart failure National Cheng-Kung University Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT00734123 Apr 2008 → Apr 2009 atherosclerosis Hospital Arnau de Vilanova Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT00456963 Sep 2007 → Mar 2010 diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorder Istituto Auxologico Italiano Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase not applicable12 trials · 1 missed
— NCT07363343 Mar 2026 → Dec 2029 expected preeclampsia The Cleveland Clinic Recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT06187493 Jan 2024 → Jan 2025 diabetic kidney disease Assiut University Unknown No outcome recorded
— NCT06710600 Sep 2022 → Apr 2024 photosensitivity disease Medical University of Vienna Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT04092309 Sep 2019 → Sep 2020 disease related to hematopoietic stem cell transplant, poisoning University of Athens Unknown No outcome recorded
— NCT03949075 May → Dec 2019 — University of Copenhagen Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT01867047 Jun 2013 → Jun 2016 hypotensive disorder Duke University Terminated Missed primary
— NCT01364675 Jan 2012 → Jul 2016 hypertensive disorder, prediabetes syndrome Ramathibodi Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
— NCT01096121 Jun 2010 → Jan 2012 sickle cell disease Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris Terminated No outcome recorded
— NCT00895414 Apr 2009 → Apr 2014 breast cancer Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT00141583 Apr 2004 → Oct 2006 essential hypertension St George's, University of London Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Comparator or background therapy69 trials
Phase 0 NCT02879721 Comparator Oct 2009 → Dec 2012 Barrett esophagus Göteborg University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT02623036 Comparator Nov 2015 → Apr 2018 resistant hypertension Memorial Health University Medical Center Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT00270153 Comparator Sep 2004 → Dec 2009 — Montefiore Medical Center Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT01624064 Comparator Aug → Oct 2012 chronic kidney disease Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT04484350 Background Oct 2020 → Feb 2023 hypertensive disorder, ischemic stroke, vascular occlusion disorder Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation Completed No outcome recorded

News releases announcing trial results or a regulatory action · 9

DateIssuerRelease
2019-09-02 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results Entresto improved measures of heart structure and function in HFrEF patients in new Novartis study; additional data complement findings novartis.com ↗
The study, also presented at ESC Congress 2019, showed that neither Entresto nor enalapril improved the primary endpoint of change in aortic impedance (a measure of vascular stiffness)[2].
2018-11-11 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results New Novartis study supports Entresto as foundational HFrEF therapy and in-hospital initiation in appropriate stabilized heart failure patients novartis.com ↗
Entresto ® (sacubitril/valsartan) outperformed commonly used heart failure medicine enalapril in landmark study; delivered significantly greater and more rapid reductions in an established biomarker for heart failure severity and prognosis[1]
2018-04-16 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results Novartis announces new analysis demonstrating Entresto helped preserve kidney function in patients with chronic heart failure, especially those with diabetes novartis.com ↗
HFrEF patients treated with Entresto had a slower rate of decline in eGFR than those treated with ACE inhibitor enalapril.[1]
2018-04-04 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results Novartis announces JAMA Cardiology publication of data showing Entresto® improves physical and social activity in HFrEF patients versus enalapril novartis.com ↗
Post-hoc analysis of PARADIGM-HF published in JAMA Cardiology shows heart failure patients treated with Entresto experience significant improvements in physical and social activities compared to those taking enalapril
2017-03-18 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results New analysis shows Novartis Entresto improves glycemic control in reduced ejection fraction heart failure patients with diabetes novartis.com ↗
New use of insulin was also reduced by 29% among patients taking Entresto compared to enalapril-treated patients[1]
2016-11-15 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results New analysis of Novartis' Entresto® data shows long-term benefits on heart failure readmissions and total cardiovascular deaths novartis.com ↗
Entresto reduced the risk of first and subsequent events of heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular deaths following heart failure hospitalization by 20%-24% compared to enalapril[1]
2016-09-19 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results Important new analysis shows that Novartis' Entresto® is associated with higher relative health-related quality of life scores among HFrEF patients novartis.com ↗
New analysis of PARADIGM-HF data shows that among patients who had been hospitalized for heart failure, those on Entresto reported higher relative health-related quality of life (HRQL) scores compared to those taking ACE inhibitor enalapril[1]
2016-04-21 Novartis Pharmaceuticals Results Novartis delivered solid Q1 despite Gleevec loss of exclusivity; investing behind new launches for long-term growth novartis.com ↗
Results from the ATMOSPHERE trial demonstrated no benefit from adding aliskiren, a renin inhibitor, to enalapril.
2000-08-23 Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc. Regulatory Teva Received Two Approvals:Final Approval for Enalapril to be Shipped Immediately Tentative Approval for Loratadine tevapharm.com ↗
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (Nasdaq: TEVA) announced today that it has received from the U.S. FDA final approval to manufacture and market Enalapril Maleate 2.5, 5, 10 and 20mg Tablets.

All press releases naming this drug 9 releases

DateIssuerRelease

Evidence & citations 10 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 134 sources stand behind the page.

FieldValueCited text
Known as Enalapril “Examples of possible ACE-I drugs include: benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec, Epaned), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril),...” NCT01867047 ↗
129

“In the second week, RAASi will be introduced with either angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)(Ramipril or Enalapril) or angiotensin receptor neprilisyn inhibitor...” NCT05637853 ↗

“If necessary, the dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocker was combined with or replaced by enalapril maleate (5-20 mg/day), hydrochlorothiazide (12.5-25 mg/day), or both drugs.” NCT02088450 ↗

“We randomized 90 patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after BMT to sacubitril/valsartan, enalapril, or no cardioprotective medication (controls).” PMID 39983618 ↗ Feb 2025

“A combination tablet containing Aspirin 81 mg, enalapril 5 mg (or valsartan 40 mg), atorvastatin 20 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg taken once daily” NCT01271985 ↗

“sirolimus starting at 1 mg/d (target 3-6 ng/ml) plus enalapril starting at 5 mg/d to control blood pressure plus atorvastatin starting at 10 mg/d” NCT00396721 ↗

“RAAS (Lisinopril, Enalapril, Perindopril, Losartan, and Valsartan taken each day at maximum tolerated dose that will different for each subject)” NCT03502031 ↗

“The study recommends physicians to select an ACEi with proven benefit in cardiovascular diseases such as perindopril, ramipril or enalapril.” NCT04591210 ↗

“The polypill comprises hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg, aspirin 81 mg, atorvastatin 20 mg, and either enalapril 5 mg or valsartan 40 mg.” PMID 32894967 ↗ Aug 2020

“The combined use of enalapril and folic acid, compared with enalapril alone, significantly reduced the risk of first stroke.” NCT02817503 ↗

“Fixed dose combination therapy - aspirin 81mg, hydrochlorothiazide 12.5mg, enalapril 2.5mg and atorvastatin 20mg Once daily” NCT00603590 ↗

Show 119 more sources

Known as Corodil “Initially 5 mg Corodil® 'Enalapril' daily followed by up to 20 mg daily dependent on the blood pressure response” NCT03949075 ↗
Known as Enalapril "ratiopharm" “enalapril (Enalapril "ratiopharm") 10mg” NCT06710600 ↗
Known as enalapril maleate “The PROACT trial will establish the effectiveness of the ACE inhibitor enalapril maleate (enalapril) in preventing cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer and...” PMID 36585130 ↗ Dec 2022
4

“Drug: enalapril maleate” NCT00003070 ↗

NCT05711810 ↗

NCT01871740 ↗

NCT02575092 ↗

Known as Epaned “Examples of possible ACE-I drugs include: benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec, Epaned), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril),...” NCT01867047 ↗
Known as Vasotec “Examples of possible ACE-I drugs include: benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec, Epaned), fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril),...” NCT01867047 ↗
Action Inhibit “SOLVD was initiated in 1986 primarily to evaluate the effects of enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.” NCT00000516 ↗
Modality Other / unclassified “an ACE Inhibitor” NCT03119623 ↗
Route Oral “Patients are administered enalapril or placebo by mouth bid.” NCT00003070 ↗
Target ACE “SOLVD was initiated in 1986 primarily to evaluate the effects of enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.” NCT00000516 ↗