Drugs / NK cells
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NK cells

Cell therapy targets TGFBR2 via inhibition

Developed for
acute myeloid leukemia · myelodysplastic syndrome · neuroblastoma · non-small cell lung carcinoma · colorectal cancer · COVID-19 · hepatocellular carcinoma · chronic myeloid leukemia
+22 more · gastric cancer · hematopoietic and lymphoid cell neoplasm · leukemia · malignant pancreatic neoplasm · nasopharyngeal carcinoma · plasma cell myeloma · acute leukemia · breast cancer · breast neoplasm · cancer · cancer of unknown primary site · glioblastoma · head and neck squamous cell carcinoma · HIV infectious disease · lupus nephritis · malignant glioma · neoplasm · peritoneal carcinomatosis · small cell lung carcinoma · soft tissue sarcoma · systemic lupus erythematosus · systemic sclerosis
Investigated by
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center · National University Hospital, Singapore · Fuda Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou · Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre · Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center · Nationwide Children's Hospital
+56 more · Shanghai iCELL Biotechnology Co., Ltd · Shenzhen Hank Bioengineering Institute · Southwest Hospital, China · University of Minnesota · Allife Medical Science and Technology Co., Ltd. · Anhui Provincial Hospital · BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. · Beijing Hospital · Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology · Biobizkaia Health Research Institute · Blood and Tissue Bank of Catalonia · Chinese PLA General Hospital · Chongqing Public Health Medical Center · Chongqing Sidemu Biotech · Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra · FISABIO Foundation · Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos · First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University · Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS · German Cancer Research Center · German Research Foundation · Hangzhou Cancer Hospital · Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital · Henan Medical University · Henan Provincial People's Hospital · Hospital del Mar · Institut Paoli-Calmettes · Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz · Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota · Ministry of Health, Italy · National Cancer Institute (NCI) · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) · National University of Singapore · New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy Consortium · Peking University People's Hospital · Puerta de Hierro University Hospital · Shanghai bokang bioengineering co., LTD · Shenzhen Fifth People's Hospital · Shenzhen University General Hospital · Technical University Dresden · The First Hospital of Jilin University · The First People's Hospital of Yunnan · The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University · The University of Science and Technology of China · Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University · Tufts Medical Center · United Therapeutics · Universidad Autonoma de Madrid · Universidad Miguel Hernandez de Elche · University of Bologna · Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology · Xuzhou Medical University · Y-mAbs Therapeutics · Zhejiang Qixin Biotech · Zhejiang University · jiuwei cui

Trials 49

PhaseRegistry idDatesIndicationSponsorStatusOutcome
Phase 04 trials
Phase 0 NCT04662788 Jan 2021 → Jan 2024 overdue hematopoietic and lymphoid cell neoplasm Zhejiang University Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT04209712 Jan → Dec 2020 acute myeloid leukemia Shanghai iCELL Biotechnology Co., Ltd Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT03815084 Feb 2019 → Feb 2020 neoplasm Allife Medical Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT03662477 Jan 2018 → Dec 2019 — Shenzhen Fifth People's Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 119 trials
Phase 1 NCT07579208 Oct 2026 → Jul 2028 expected glioblastoma M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT04254419 Mar 2025 → Dec 2030 expected malignant glioma Nationwide Children's Hospital Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT05834244 Oct 2023 → Jun 2028 expected acute myeloid leukemia M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT05385705 May 2022 → Jul 2024 breast neoplasm Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 1 NCT04221971 Oct 2020 → Apr 2021 acute myeloid leukemia Peking University People's Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT04280224 Feb 2020 → Dec 2022 COVID-19 Henan Medical University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT02573896 Jan 2019 → Dec 2026 expected neuroblastoma New Approaches to Neuroblastoma Therapy Consortium Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT03554889 Aug 2018 → Mar 2019 cancer of unknown primary site Hangzhou Cancer Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT03619954 Jul 2018 → Jul 2019 — Anhui Provincial Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT03346499 Mar 2017 → Nov 2018 HIV infectious disease University of Minnesota Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/215 trials · 1 met primary
Phase 1/2 NCT07551778 May 2026 → Apr 2028 expected colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung carcinoma BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd. Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT07411599 Apr 2026 → Nov 2028 expected colorectal cancer, peritoneal carcinomatosis M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT06434363 Jul 2024 → Dec 2028 expected lupus nephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT05319249 Jun 2024 → Jun 2028 expected acute myeloid leukemia German Cancer Research Center Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT05272293 Nov 2021 → Dec 2025 overdue acute myeloid leukemia Belarusian Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT05143125 Feb 2021 → Feb 2024 cancer Shenzhen University General Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT04578210 Sep 2020 → Jan 2022 COVID-19 Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz Completed Met primary
Phase 1/2 NCT04324996 Feb 2020 → Feb 2022 COVID-19 Chongqing Public Health Medical Center Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT03348033 Mar 2019 → Mar 2021 chronic myeloid leukemia Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT03242603 Oct 2017 → Aug 2019 neuroblastoma National University Hospital, Singapore Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 210 trials
Phase 2 NCT06783478 Apr 2025 → Aug 2027 expected acute myeloid leukemia Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT04166929 Jan 2020 → Sep 2023 acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2 NCT03958097 May 2019 → Oct 2020 non-small cell lung carcinoma The First Hospital of Jilin University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT03410368 Apr 2018 → Jun 2019 small cell lung carcinoma jiuwei cui Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT02725996 Apr 2016 → Apr 2018 hepatocellular carcinoma Southwest Hospital, China Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT02734524 Mar 2016 → Mar 2018 non-small cell lung carcinoma Southwest Hospital, China Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT02229266 Sep 2015 → Apr 2017 acute myeloid leukemia Technical University Dresden Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2 NCT01370213 Sep 2011 → Apr 2016 acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT00698009 Jun 2008 → Jun 2012 neuroblastoma M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Terminated No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2 NCT00526292 Aug 2007 → Jul 2015 leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2/31 trial
Phase 2/3 NCT02851784 Dec 2009 → Dec 2028 expected hepatocellular carcinoma Chinese PLA General Hospital Recruiting No outcome recorded
Comparator or background therapy1 trial
Phase 1 NCT02118285 Background Jul 2014 → Nov 2015 fallopian tube carcinoma, ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal carcinoma Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Completed No outcome recorded

News releases announcing trial results or a regulatory action · 118

DateIssuerRelease
2026-09-25 C4 Therapeutics, Inc. Results C4 Therapeutics Presents New Biomarker Data from the Cemsidomide Phase 1 Trial with Dexamethasone and Phase 1b Trial with Elranatamab (ELREXFIO®) in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma at the 23rd International Myeloma Society (IMS) Annual Meeting c4therapeutics.com ↗
In 62 heavily pre-treated RRMM patients across the once-daily (QD) dose levels, cemsidomide demonstrated coordinated activation of T cells, including CD8+ T cells, and functional reprogramming of natural killer (NK) cells.
2026-03-13 ImmunityBio, Inc. Results ImmunityBio Achieves Milestone with Large-Scale NK Cell Production and Cryopreservation from Over 60 Healthy and Cancer Donors immunitybio.com ↗
2025-11-03 Oncopeptides AB Results Research by top universities together with Oncopeptides on NK cell engagers to be presented at ASH oncopeptides.com ↗
In preclinical models, the combination demonstrated synergistic anti-myeloma activity, efficient tumor cell lysis, and reduced cytokine release compared to existing T-cell-based strategies, supporting the potential of this new modality as a novel immunotherapeutic approach for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
2025-07-28 NKGen Biotech, Inc. Results NKGen Biotech Presents Troculeucel Mechanism of Action with Corresponding Phase 1 Biomarker Data at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference 2025 nkgenbiotech.com ↗
Troculeucel was shown to internalize and digest amyloid and α-synuclein proteins in vitro and to improve CSF levels of amyloid, α-synuclein, and p-tau in Phase 1 patients in a largely dose-dependent manner.
2025-07-21 NKGen Biotech, Inc. Regulatory NKGen Receives FDA Expanded Access Protocol Authorization for Landmark Treatment of Several Neurodegenerative Diseases nkgenbiotech.com ↗
2025-06-23 Purple Biotech Ltd. Results Purple Biotech Highlights Significant Advantages of the Novel CAPTN-3 Tri-Specific Antibody Platform at the EACR 2025 Annual Congress purple-biotech.com ↗
Our data demonstrate that the NKG2A arm in CAPTN-3 TCE synergizes with the anti-CD3 arm to induce significant cytotoxic effects against solid tumor cells.
2025-05-19 GT Biopharma, Inc. Results GT Biopharma Advances GTB-3650 Phase 1 Trial to Cohort 2 Following Successful Initial Human Dosing and Evidence of Early Immune Activation Signals gtbiopharma.com ↗
Based on multiple assays of various blood biomarkers, both patients in Cohort 1 have shown early evidence of increased immunologic activity, supporting GTB-3650’s ability to activate endogenous NK cells and induce NK cell expansion.
2025-02-13 NKGen Biotech, Inc. Results NKGen Biotech Announces Publication of Phase 1 Troculeucel Clinical Trial Results for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease nkgenbiotech.com ↗
The results from Phase 1 of the Troculeucel Clinical Trial demonstrated stable/improved outcomes in 90% of subjects, with no drug-related adverse events following troculeucel therapy.
2024-11-08 Synthekine Results Synthekine Announces Presentation of New Translational Data from Phase 1a/1b Clinical Trial of α/β Biased IL-2, STK-012, at the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) 39th Annual Meeting synthekine.com ↗
Our data reinforces STK-012’s unique mechanism of action, as demonstrated by selective expansion of antigen activated T cells without broad expansion of other lymphocytes including NK cells.
2024-11-07 Coeptis Therapeutics Results Coeptis Therapeutics Announces Phase 1 Data on DVX201 for COVID-19 Treatment Has Been Accepted for Publication in Molecular Therapy Methods and Clinical Development coeptis.com ↗
Results from the clinical trial demonstrated the safety and feasibility of DVX201 as a potential treatment for patients with active SARS-CoV-2 infections.
2024-10-29 NKGen Biotech, Inc. Results NKGen Biotech Presents Phase 1/2a Troculeucel Data in Alzheimer’s Disease at the 17th Annual Clinical Trials on Alzheimer’s Disease (CTAD) Conference nkgenbiotech.com ↗
Newly analyzed biomarker data from the initial dose-escalation Phase 1 AD trial found that troculeucel reduces GFAP, NfL, p-tau181, GDF-15, and LTBP2 levels, which are detectable up to 10 years before dementia symptoms appear according to recent reports.
2024-10-16 Phio Pharmaceuticals Inc. Results Phio Pharmaceuticals Presenting Data on Its INSTAYL Compound PH-894 at ASGCT’s 2024 Advancing Gene and Cell Therapies for Cancer Conference phiopharma.com ↗
PH-894 treatment leads to potent and specific silencing of BRD4 in NK cells, without affecting cell viability.

All press releases naming this drug 130 releases

DateIssuerRelease
Show all 130 releases opens the full record — a long page

Evidence & citations 9 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 51 sources stand behind the page.

FieldValueCited text
Known as NK cells “This study aims to test whether haploidentical NK cells from healthy individuals, expanded and activated in vitro, administered when the disease is nearly eradicated by...” NCT06783478 ↗
49

“NK cells can persist and expand in vivo following adoptive transfer and may have a role in the treatment of late stage malignancies.” NCT03554889 ↗

“The NK cells will be collected from the donor's blood and then processed using an experimental device called a CliniMACS device.” NCT00698009 ↗

“NK cells will be intravenously infused to the patient for 2 days, with following subcutaneously injection of Interleukin-2.” NCT04209712 ↗

“Natural killer (NK) cells are one of the main type of immune cells that mediate the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect.” NCT03348033 ↗

“NK cells were expanded ex vivo from autologous peripheral blood, allogeneic peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.” NCT02851784 ↗

“The infusion of natural killer (NK) cells will be performed in the Infusion Center at New England Medical Center.” NCT00660166 ↗

“Donor NK cells were purified and cultured ex vivo with IL-2 before infusion, at three dose levels.” PMID 34071607 ↗ May 2021

“Natural killer cells (NK cells) are derived from bone marrow lymphoid stem cells” NCT05143125 ↗

“All patients received both sintilimab 200mg and 3×109 NK cells every 3 weeks.” PMID 36569881 ↗ Dec 2022

“Three doses of expanded haploidentical NK cells (30-100 x 10\^6 cells /kg).” NCT05272293 ↗

Show 39 more sources

Known as IL-2 NK “prophylactic donor-derived ex vivo IL-2 activated NK cell (IL-2 NK) infusion after allo-HSCT for patients with hematologic malignancies.” PMID 34071607 ↗ May 2021
Known as natural killer (NK) cells “received highly purified CD56(+)CD3(-) natural killer (NK) cells from haploidentical killer immunoglobulin-like receptor-ligand mismatched donors” PMID 21791425 ↗ Jul 2011
5

“We are trying to achieve a similar result using a less complex and less costly approach, with Natural Killer (NK) cells.” NCT00717184 ↗

“The infusion of natural killer (NK) cells will be performed in the Infusion Center at New England Medical Center.” NCT00660166 ↗

“Natural killer (NK) cells are white blood cells that have a limited ability to kill cancer cells.” NCT00720785 ↗

“the combined therapy using cryosurgery and natural killer (NK) cells” NCT02849366 ↗

“Natural Killer (NK) Cells” NCT03242603 ↗

Known as Natural killer cells “Natural killer cells are blood cells that are responsible for eliminating cancer cells especially when there are only a few.” NCT00660166 ↗
3

“infusion of natural killer cells or memory T cells as adoptive therapy in coronavirus pneumonia and/or lymphopenia” NCT04578210 ↗

“Natural killer cells (NK cells) have MHC-unrestricted killing effect on malignant tumor cells” NCT02399735 ↗

“Natural killer cells (NK cells) are derived from bone marrow lymphoid stem cells” NCT05143125 ↗

Known as nature killer(NK) cells “The pancreatic cancer patients will receive nature killer(NK) cells infusions,qd” NCT02718859 ↗
Action Deplete “They can recognize and kill abnormal cells in the body” NCT00526292 ↗
Modality Cell therapy “natural killer (NK) cell infusion” NCT00526292 ↗
Route Intravenous “The NK cells will be given to the subject intravenously (into a vein).” NCT00660166 ↗
Target TGFBR2 “TGFBR2 KO” NCT07411599 ↗