Drugs / Isoflurane
last change Sep 2026 re-read 9 days ago

Isoflurane

Other / unclassified targets KCNK10, KCNK18, KCNK2, KCNK3, KCNK9 via activation

Developed for
infectious disease with sepsis · acquired aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage · cardiogenic shock · COVID-19 · kidney failure · liver disorder · major depressive disorder · respiratory failure
+8 more · subarachnoid hemorrhage · traumatic brain injury · Alzheimer disease · cardiac valvular defect · delirium · hypotensive disorder · myocardial disorder · non-small cell lung carcinoma
Investigated by
Sedana Medical · Astana Medical University · São Paulo Research Foundation · Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre · The Cleveland Clinic · UPECLIN HC FM Botucatu Unesp
+45 more · A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza · Aga Khan University · Ain Shams University · Air Force Military Medical University, China · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · Austin Health · Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo di Monza · C. R. Bard · Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) · Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine · Charles University, Czech Republic · Columbia University · Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, and Survivorship Center · DongGuk University · Duke University · German Federal Ministry of Education and Research · Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz · Instituto de Salud Carlos III · James S McDonnell Foundation · Kathirvel Subramaniam · Konkuk University Medical Center · Liang Zhang · London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's · Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in New Orleans · Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich · Mahidol University · Masaryk University · Nanjing Medical University · Nationwide Children's Hospital · Ohio State University · Our Lady of the Lake Hospital · Ruhr University of Bochum · Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey · Sichuan University · Stony Brook University · Superior University · University Hospital, Brest · University Hospital, Grenoble · University Hospital, Rouen · University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust · University of Michigan · University of Pennsylvania · University of Sao Paulo · Vita-Salute San Raffaele University · Washington University School of Medicine

Regulatory milestones approvals, filings & regulatory actions · 4 recorded

MilestoneJurisdictionBrandIndicationDateSentence it was read from
Filed UK (MHRA) Sedaconda inhaled sedation in intensive care 2021-02-19

“applications for market approval for the drug candidate Sedaconda (isoflurane) for inhaled sedation in intensive care were submitted in Switzerland and the United Kingdom.” sedanamedical.com ↗

“submitted an application for market approval for the drug candidate Sedaconda (isoflurane) for inhaled sedation in intensive care in the UK.” sedanamedical.com ↗

Filed Other Sedaconda inhaled sedation in intensive care 2021-01-20

“submitted an application for marketing approval for the drug candidate Sedaconda (isoflurane), formerly known as IsoConDa, for inhaled sedation in intensive care in Switzerland.” sedanamedical.com ↗

“applications for market approval for the drug candidate Sedaconda (isoflurane) for inhaled sedation in intensive care were submitted in Switzerland and the United Kingdom.” sedanamedical.com ↗

Label expansion US (FDA) FORANE — 1982-02-22 fda.gov ↗
Approved US (FDA) FORANE — 1979-12-18 fda.gov ↗

Trials 49

PhaseRegistry idDatesIndicationSponsorStatusOutcome
Phase 15 trials · 1 missed
Phase 1 NCT05742789 Nov 2021 → Jan 2023 aortic valve insufficiency, mitral valve insufficiency Astana Medical University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT05695287 Jan 2021 → Nov 2022 aortic valve insufficiency, coronary artery disorder, mitral valve insufficiency Astana Medical University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT03569085 Jun → Dec 2018 heart disorder Kathirvel Subramaniam Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT01640275 Mar 2012 → Mar 2015 — Duke University Completed Missed primary
Phase 1 NCT01302353 May → Sep 2010 — Sichuan University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 22 trials
Phase 2 NCT05213832 Jun 2020 → Dec 2022 acquired aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT04171193 Dec 2019 → Sep 2020 major depressive disorder University of Sao Paulo Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2/31 trial
Phase 2/3 NCT01958138 Apr → Dec 2012 — Aga Khan University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 311 trials · 2 met primary
Phase 3 NCT07099014 Sep 2025 → Oct 2028 expected cardiogenic shock Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT05867472 Oct 2023 → May 2026 overdue — Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT05327296 Jun 2022 → May 2024 — Sedana Medical Completed Met primary
Phase 3 NCT05312385 Apr 2022 → Apr 2024 — Sedana Medical Completed Met primary
Phase 3 NCT06809218 Apr 2022 → Nov 2024 overdue — Sedana Medical Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT04684238 Jan 2021 → Jan 2023 — Sedana Medical Completed Mixed
Phase 3 NCT04341350 Aug 2020 → Sep 2025 overdue — University Hospital, Brest Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT04415060 Jun 2020 → Mar 2026 overdue COVID-19, respiratory failure Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT05696509 Jan 2020 → Oct 2022 aortic valve insufficiency, mitral valve insufficiency Astana Medical University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT03588429 Jan → Aug 2020 — Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 411 trials · 1 met primary · 2 missed
Phase 4 NCT07000526 Dec 2025 → Mar 2027 expected — Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT04710914 Dec 2020 infectious disease with sepsis University Hospital, Rouen Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT03034096 Jan 2017 → Sep 2024 — Stony Brook University Completed Missed primary
Phase 4 NCT02678650 Jan 2016 → Jan 2017 coronary artery disorder Liang Zhang Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT02105610 Apr 2014 → Oct 2017 — Vita-Salute San Raffaele University Completed Missed primary
Phase 4 NCT01477151 Nov 2011 → Mar 2015 coronary artery disorder, heart valve disorder London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute OR Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's Completed Met primary
Phase 4 NCT01212523 Nov 2009 → Dec 2011 pulmonary hypertension University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT00830843 Jan 2009 → Jul 2011 subarachnoid hemorrhage Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo di Monza Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT01111227 Mar 2008 → Dec 2009 — UPECLIN HC FM Botucatu Unesp Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT00854178 Mar 2008 → Dec 2009 DNA repair disease UPECLIN HC FM Botucatu Unesp Completed No outcome recorded
Phase not applicable18 trials · 1 met primary · 1 missed
— NCT07435402 May 2026 → Dec 2029 expected critical illness polyneuropathy, myopathy Charles University, Czech Republic Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT07152912 Sep 2025 → Mar 2026 overdue Halothane hepatitis, disorder of defective peroxisome oxidative status, gallbladder disorder Ain Shams University Recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT07543523 Apr 2025 → Jun 2026 overdue — Superior University Active not recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT06311604 Jun 2024 → Jun 2026 overdue traumatic brain injury University Hospital, Grenoble Recruiting No outcome recorded
— NCT06252207 Dec 2023 → Mar 2026 — The Cleveland Clinic Withdrawn No outcome recorded Stop: Business
— NCT05639686 Jan 2023 → Dec 2024 cephalocele, chronic rhinosinusitis, paranasal sinus carcinoma, polyp Our Lady of the Lake Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
— NCT05559970 Nov 2022 → Sep 2023 lung disorder Mahidol University Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT05693428 Jan → Nov 2022 coronary artery disorder Astana Medical University Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT03860129 Dec 2014 → May 2017 — Ruhr University of Bochum Completed Met primary
— NCT02185118 Jun 2014 → Jun 2018 infectious disease with sepsis Air Force Military Medical University, China Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase not stated1 trial
— NCT07457593 — — Sedana Medical Available No outcome recorded
Comparator or background therapy57 trials
Phase 0 NCT05993039 Comparator Sep 2023 → Dec 2024 auditory system disorder Our Lady of the Lake Hospital Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT05314569 Comparator Apr → Sep 2022 — Cairo University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT00000254 Comparator Jan → Sep 1995 substance-related disorder University of Chicago Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT00000251 Comparator Apr 1994 → Jan 1996 substance-related disorder University of Chicago Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT06014138 Comparator Nov 2023 → Jul 2027 expected acute respiratory distress syndrome Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust Recruiting No outcome recorded

News releases announcing trial results or a regulatory action · 41

DateIssuerRelease
2026-08-31 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical announces PDUFA target action date for its New Drug Application in the U.S. sedanamedical.com ↗
Sedana Medical AB (publ) today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has set April 16, 2027 as the target action date under the Prescription Drug User Fee Act (PDUFA) for its review of the company’s New Drug Application (NDA) for isoflurane delivered via the Sedana Medical ACD Delivery System, for sedation of mechanically ventilated adult patients in intensive care units (ICUs).
2026-08-19 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical announces FDA acceptance for review of its New Drug Application in the U.S. sedanamedical.com ↗
The NDA acceptance confirms that the FDA has determined the application is sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review.
2026-06-17 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical submits New Drug Application to the U.S. FDA for inhaled sedation in the ICU sedanamedical.com ↗
Sedana Medical AB (publ) today announces that it has submitted a New Drug Application (NDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the drug-device combination product isoflurane delivered via the Sedana Medical ACD Delivery System for the sedation of mechanically ventilated adult patients in intensive care units (ICUs).
2025-07-16 Sedana Medical Results Sedana Medical’s paediatric study published in The Lancet sedanamedical.com ↗
Besides non-inferior sedation efficacy versus midazolam, the study demonstrated lower opioid requirements and shorter and more predictable wake-up time compared with the control group – key features of inhaled isoflurane sedation
2025-06-10 Sedana Medical Results Both of Sedana Medical´s pivotal US studies meet first key secondary endpoint sedanamedical.com ↗
For the most important key secondary endpoint – opioid dosing – a significant and clinically relevant opioid dose reduction compared to baseline opioid dose was found in the isoflurane group.
2025-04-23 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical Receives FDA Approval for Early Access Program in the U.S. sedanamedical.com ↗
the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the company’s application to initiate an Early Access Program for its investigational inhaled sedation therapy, providing eligible patients access to the treatment prior to market authorization.
2025-02-12 Sedana Medical Results Sedana Medical announces positive high-level results also for its second pivotal trial in the United States sedanamedical.com ↗
Sedana Medical AB (publ) announces that its second pivotal US trial INSPiRE-ICU 2 has met its primary endpoint, and hence established non-inferiority of inhaled sedation with isoflurane compared with intravenous sedation using propofol.
2025-02-03 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical receives an additional year of market protection for Sedaconda® (isoflurane) sedanamedical.com ↗
The CMDh (Co-ordination Group for Mutual Recognition and Decentralized Procedures – Human) have now agreed by consensus to an additional year of market protection (to 2032).
2024-12-19 Sedana Medical Results Sedana Medical announces positive high-level results of its first pivotal trial in the United States (INSPiRE-ICU 1) sedanamedical.com ↗
Sedana Medical AB (publ) announces that its first pivotal US trial INSPiRE-ICU 1 has met its primary endpoint: to prove that inhaled sedation with isoflurane is an effective sedation method by establishing non-inferiority compared with intravenous sedation using propofol.
2024-12-13 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical receives a positive decision to include children (3-17 years) into the Sedaconda® (isoflurane) indication sedanamedical.com ↗
Sedana Medical AB (publ) announces that the company has received a positive decision from the authorities in all involved countries that the pediatric indication of Sedaconda (isoflurane) is approvable in Europe.
2023-12-20 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical files submission for paediatric indication sedanamedical.com ↗
Now, the Type II variation to extend the indication to include paediatric patients of 3-17 years has been submitted to the Reference Member State (RMS) Germany and 15 Concerned Member States (CMS) in Europe.
2023-11-22 Sedana Medical Regulatory Sedana Medical secures data exclusivity and market protection for Sedaconda[®] (isoflurane) until 2031 sedanamedical.com ↗
Sedana Medical AB (publ) announces that the European Medicines Agency’s Paediatric Committee has issued a positive opinion regarding the compliance with the company’s Paediatric Investigation Plan.

All press releases naming this drug 43 releases

DateIssuerRelease

Evidence & citations 16 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 107 sources stand behind the page.

FieldValueCited text
Known as Isoflurane “Maintenance of anesthesia will be achieved by isoflurane at an end tidal concentration of 1-1.5% in FiO2 of 0.5, intravenous fentanyl at a dose of 1 µg/kg in incremental...” NCT06873906 ↗
105

“Maintenance of general anesthesia: propofol infusion (50-150 μg.kg.min-1); ketamine infusion (up to 50 mg total); and inhaled anesthetic agent (isoflurane or sevoflurane) up to 0.5 MAC.” NCT05444751 ↗

“general anesthetic by midazolam 0.02 mg kg-1 , propofol 2-3 mg kg-1 and lidocaine 0.5 mg kg-1 , fentanyl 2 μg kg-1 , atracurium 0.5 mg kg-1 , isoflurane in 50% oxygen/air.” NCT03569046 ↗

“The intervention was maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane (n = 231) or isoflurane (n = 233) administered at a dose of 0.5-2.0 MAC throughout the entire operation.” PMID 27465213 ↗ Jul 2016

“The GAS group will receive one or more volatile anesthetics (sevoflurane, desflurane, or isoflurane) for induction and maintenance of anesthesia during the surgery.” NCT06330038 ↗

“general anesthesia maintained by isoflurane 1.5 volume % in 2 L\\min oxygen-air mixture 50:50 and atracurium 0.1 mg\\kg every 30 minutes, if needed.” NCT04365686 ↗

“Subsequently anesthesia will be maintained in both the groups, with isoflurane inhalation to maintain BIS values between 40 to 60.” NCT03013075 ↗

“Anaesthesia will be maintained using isoflurane 1 % in oxygen and air mixture 1:1 and atracurium 0.1 mg. Kg-1 every 20 mim.” NCT04095754 ↗

“Maintenance of general anesthesia with volatile agent (sevoflurane, desflurane, or isoflurane)” NCT03034096 ↗

“Anaesthesia is maintained by inhaled isoflurane in concentrations 0.7-0.8 % end-tidal” NCT02794584 ↗

“Anesthesia will be maintained with inhaled isoflurane, Iso-MAC from (0.7 to 1.4%)” NCT06613893 ↗

Show 95 more sources

Known as Aerrane ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1256 ↗
Known as COMPOUND 469 ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1256 ↗
Known as Forane ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1256 ↗
Known as Isoflurane Volatile Liquid “Drug: Isoflurane Volatile Liquid” NCT02953210 ↗
Known as Isoflurane, (2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethane), Forane “Isoflurane, (2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethane), Forane” NCT01406678 ↗
Known as Isoflurano ChEMBL registry synonym — accepted as the source's own label CHEMBL1256 ↗
Action Activate “Potassium channel subfamily K member 18 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗
4

“Potassium channel subfamily K member 10 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗

“Potassium channel subfamily K member 9 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗

“Potassium channel subfamily K member 2 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗

“Potassium channel subfamily K member 3 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗

Action Inhibit “100% oxygen or 0.5 MAC isoflurane/sevoflurane in 60% oxygen would inhibit increases of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6 in the cell culture...” NCT02185118 ↗
Modality Other / unclassified “Volatile anaesthetic isoflurane” NCT00521612 ↗
Route Other “Subjects inhale 0.2% isoflurane” NCT00000251 ↗
Target KCNK10 “Potassium channel subfamily K member 10 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗
Target KCNK18 “Potassium channel subfamily K member 18 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗
Target KCNK2 “Potassium channel subfamily K member 2 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗
Target KCNK3 “Potassium channel subfamily K member 3 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗
Target KCNK9 “Potassium channel subfamily K member 9 opener” CHEMBL1256 ↗