Topiramate

also known as Topamax · TPM · Qudexy XR · RWJ-17021-000 · USL255 · 2,3:4,5-Bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)-beta-D-fructopyranose sulfamate · Epitomax · IR-TPM · +7 more

Small molecule targets GRIK5, GRINA, PRKACA, PRKCI, SNAP23, TRAK2 via inhibition

Developed for: obesity disorder · alcohol dependence · migraine disorder · epilepsy · focal epilepsy · type 2 diabetes mellitus · bipolar disorder · post-traumatic stress disorder
+59 more
· cocaine dependence · migraine with aura · migraine without aura · alcohol abuse · binge eating disorder · alcohol-related disorders · bulimia nervosa · HIV infectious disease · metabolic syndrome X · nicotine dependence · obsessive-compulsive disorder · pathological gambling · schizophrenia · bipolar I disorder · epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures · headache disorder · migraine with brainstem aura · morbid obesity · Parkinson disease · Prader-Willi syndrome · substance-related disorder · traumatic brain injury · acquired hypothalamic obesity · borderline personality disorder · brain hypoxia - ischemia · cannabis dependence · childhood absence epilepsy · cluster headache syndrome · congenital heart disease · diabetic polyneuropathy · essential hypertension · essential tremor · generalized epilepsy · hyperlipidemia · hypertriglyceridemia · kleptomania · Lennox-Gastaut syndrome · Meniere disease · mental disorder · multiple sclerosis · polycystic ovary syndrome · polyneuropathy · restless legs syndrome · Rett syndrome · sciatica · self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes · sensory peripheral neuropathy · sleep apnea syndrome · social phobia · stereotypic movement disorder · sudden sensorineural hearing loss · tinnitus · Tourette syndrome · ulcerative colitis · urolithiasis · drug-induced dyskinesia · methamphetamine dependence · neurodevelopmental disorder with infantile epileptic spasms · sleep-wake disorder
Investigated by: Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C. · Ortho-McNeil Neurologics, Inc. · VIVUS LLC · National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) · National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) · National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
+155 more
· University of Minnesota · Bankole Johnson · Teva Pharmaceuticals USA · University of California, San Francisco · University of Pennsylvania · Janssen-Ortho Inc., Canada · Monarch Medical Research · Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc · Ortho-McNeil Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC · Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical · Sentrx · Stanford University · Synteract, Inc. · United States Department of Defense · University of California, Irvine · University of California, San Diego · University of Florida · University of Sao Paulo · VA Office of Research and Development · Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris · Brown University · Centre for Addiction and Mental Health · Chiang Mai University · Eli Lilly and Company · Erasmus Medical Center · Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) · Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation · Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre · Janssen Korea, Ltd., Korea · Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Belgium · Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K. · Janssen Research & Development, LLC · Johns Hopkins University · Mayo Clinic · McMaster University · Medpace, Inc. · Ministry of Health, Italy · National Institutes of Health (NIH) · Northern California Institute of Research and Education · San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center · US Department of Veterans Affairs · University of Cincinnati · University of Colorado, Denver · University of Virginia · Upsher-Smith Laboratories · Ali Aminian · All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar · Allergan · American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation · Aultman Health Foundation · Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo di Monza · Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Pisana · Baylor College of Medicine · Beitou Armed Forces Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan · Bial - Portela C S.A. · Cady, Roger, M.D. · Chang Gung Memorial Hospital · Children's Hospital of Philadelphia · Chinese University of Hong Kong · Cleveland Clinic Akron General · Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center · Covance · Creighton University · Department of Health and Human Services · Elizabeth Ralevski · Emory University · Ethicon, Inc. · Eurofarma Laboratorios S.A. · Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul · Federal University of São Paulo · Forum Health · Hadassah Medical Organization · Hannover Medical School · Hartford Hospital · all 161 on the full record

Regulatory milestones approvals, filings & regulatory actions · 15 recorded

Milestone	Jurisdiction	Brand	Indication	Date	Sentence it was read from
Label expansions (10)	US (FDA)	TOPAMAX SPRINKLE	—	1999-07-23 – 2022-01-13	fda.gov ↗
Label expansions (2)	US (FDA)	QUDEXY XR	—	2015-03-30 – 2017-03-29	fda.gov ↗
Label expansion	US (FDA)	TROKENDI XR	—	2016-08-18	fda.gov ↗
Refused (EMA)	EU (EMA)	Qsiva	—	2013-05-14	europa.eu ↗
Approved	US (FDA)	TOPAMAX	—	1996-12-24	fda.gov ↗

Trials 217 · started per year

today

US approved 1996

198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202420252026202720282029

Phase	Registry id	Dates	Indication	Sponsor	Status	Outcome
Phase 05 trials
Phase 0	NCT04613024	Jul → Dec 2025	—	Stanford University	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 0	NCT04881799	Jul 2022 → Oct 2025 overdue	—	University of Minnesota	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT04986631	Apr 2022 → Sep 2024	obesity disorder	University of Minnesota	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT03120468	May 2017 → Jun 2019	alcohol dependence	Nassima Ait-Daoud Tiouririne	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 0	NCT00598923	Nov 2004 → Feb 2009	epilepsy, traumatic brain injury	University of Pennsylvania	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 127 trials · 3 met primary · 1 missed
Phase 1	NCT04401137	Jul → Oct 2020	migraine disorder	SK Chemicals Co., Ltd.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT03335163	Mar 2018 → Apr 2021	migraine disorder	University of Colorado, Denver	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 1	NCT03308669	Oct → Dec 2017	—	Eli Lilly and Company	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT02553824	Oct 2015 → Feb 2017	binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa	Stanford University	Completed	Met primary
Phase 1	NCT02239913	Sep 2014 → Sep 2019	substance-related disorder	University of Kentucky	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT01426542	Mar 2011 → Jul 2017	congenital heart disease	University of California, Davis	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT01114854	Jun → Dec 2010	epilepsy	Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT02884050	Apr 2009 → Dec 2010	cognitive disorder	University of Florida	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00842400	Feb → Mar 2009	obesity disorder	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00768209	Oct 2008 → Mar 2009	—	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00769158	Oct 2008 → Oct 2010	alcohol dependence	Bankole Johnson	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00768404	Oct 2008 → Mar 2009	impaired renal function disease	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00753493	Aug 2008 → Aug 2010	epilepsy, migraine disorder	University of Minnesota	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00518466	Jul → Sep 2007	obesity disorder	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT02283814	Jan → Feb 2007	epilepsy	Bial - Portela C S.A.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00648934	Nov → Dec 2005	—	Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00649467	Nov → Dec 2005	—	Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00649740	Nov → Dec 2005	—	Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00233012	Jun 2005 → Oct 2007	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00701493	Nov → Dec 2004	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00752466	Mar 2003 → Mar 2004	migraine disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00904943	Jun → Jul 2002	—	Teva Pharmaceuticals USA	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00905346	Jun → Jul 2002	—	Teva Pharmaceuticals USA	Completed	Met primary
Phase 1	NCT00905567	Jun 2001	—	Teva Pharmaceuticals USA	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00905606	Jun 2001	—	Teva Pharmaceuticals USA	Completed	Met primary
Phase 1	NCT00986128	Mar 2001 → Oct 2002	bipolar disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00986336	Feb 2001 → Nov 2002	bipolar disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 1/23 trials · 1 met primary
Phase 1/2	NCT07384624	Apr 2026 → Jun 2028 expected	HIV infectious disease	Erasmus Medical Center	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT06282783	Sep 2024 → Apr 2025	HIV infectious disease	Erasmus Medical Center	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT00745251	Aug 2008 → Sep 2009	sleep apnea syndrome	VIVUS LLC	Completed	Met primary
Phase 254 trials · 7 met primary · 6 missed
Phase 2	NCT07790913	Oct 2026 → Aug 2030 expected	Hodgkins lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT06299891	Mar 2025 → Feb 2026 overdue	acquired hypothalamic obesity, craniopharyngioma, hypothalamic neoplasm	Seattle Children's Hospital	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT05834062	Oct 2023 → Aug 2026	—	University of Minnesota	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 2	NCT05403229	Oct 2022 → May 2025	sudden sensorineural hearing loss	Chang Gung Memorial Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04572217	Jun 2022	—	Janey Pratt	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 2	NCT04621929	Mar 2021 → Nov 2024	obesity disorder, prediabetes syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, urolithiasis	University of Florida	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04721873	Dec 2020 → Jun 2024 overdue	obesity disorder, ulcerative colitis	University of California, San Diego	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04095104	Jan 2020 → Jan 2022	morbid obesity	University of Colorado, Denver	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04007393	Nov 2019 → Mar 2025	—	University of Minnesota	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT03667846	Oct 2019 → Aug 2025 overdue	alcohol dependence, post-traumatic stress disorder	NYU Langone Health	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02878798	Feb 2018 → Sep 2021	sensory peripheral neuropathy	Virginia Commonwealth University	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 2	NCT02074904	May 2015 → Mar 2017	alcohol-related disorders	University of Pennsylvania	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02138058	Jan 2015 → Jun 2016	kleptomania	University of Sao Paulo	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02371889	Dec 2014 → Feb 2020	alcohol dependence	University of Pennsylvania	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT02301416	Dec 2014 → Jun 2018	obesity disorder	Wake Forest University Health Sciences	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01950520	Feb 2014 → Dec 2022	—	National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01859013	Jun 2013 → Dec 2015	morbid obesity	University of Minnesota	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 2	NCT01764685	Jan 2013 → Jan 2014	HIV infectious disease, alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence	University of Pennsylvania	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2	NCT01351753	Mar 2011 → Jan 2014	metabolic syndrome X, obesity disorder	University of Iowa	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 2	NCT01241019	Feb 2010 → Dec 2013	brain hypoxia - ischemia	Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01110434	Dec 2009 → May 2012	cannabis dependence	Brown University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01843699	Jun 2009 → Nov 2010	pathological gambling	University of Sao Paulo	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00802412	Jan 2009 → Nov 2014	alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence	VA Office of Research and Development	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 2	NCT00806260	Dec 2008 → May 2009	obesity disorder	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00737633	Aug 2008 → Mar 2009	type 2 diabetes mellitus	VIVUS LLC	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00600067	Jan → Nov 2008	type 2 diabetes mellitus	VIVUS LLC	Completed	Met primary
Phase 2	NCT01799590	Aug 2007 → Nov 2009	migraine disorder	Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00486291	Jun 2007 → Apr 2008	type 2 diabetes mellitus	VIVUS LLC	Completed	Met primary
Phase 2	NCT01081795	Apr 2007 → Jan 2009	migraine disorder	Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K.	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 2	NCT00685178	Feb 2007 → Jun 2011	cocaine dependence	Johns Hopkins University	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 2	NCT00223626	Jan 2007 → Mar 2010	cocaine dependence	Bankole Johnson	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00370188	Sep 2006 → ?	pathological gambling	Centre for Addiction and Mental Health	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00300742	Mar 2006 → Jul 2008	alcohol dependence, binge eating disorder	University of Virginia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00223639	Sep 2005 → Jul 2008	alcohol dependence	Bankole Johnson	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00006205	Mar 2005 → Jun 2013	alcohol dependence	Bankole Johnson	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00210574	Mar 2005 → Oct 2006	childhood absence epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00208858	Dec 2004 → Dec 2006	nicotine dependence	Emory University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00296959	Sep 2004 → Mar 2007	Parkinson disease	University Health Network, Toronto	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2	NCT00167245	Sep 2004 → Mar 2010	alcohol dependence, cocaine dependence	Kyle Kampman	Completed	Mixed
Phase 2	NCT00217295	Apr 2004 → Dec 2007	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis Institute	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00210925	Mar 2004 → Aug 2006	alcohol dependence	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 2	NCT00158002	Feb 2004 → Aug 2006	migraine with brainstem aura	Monarch Medical Research	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00231647	Feb → Oct 2004	obesity disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00261469	Apr 2003 → Nov 2004	headache disorder	Janssen-Ortho Inc., Canada	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00231673	Jul 2001 → Jan 2003	diabetic polyneuropathy, polyneuropathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00011804	Feb 2001 → Feb 2005	sciatica	National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00236613	Sep 2000 → Jul 2001	obesity disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 2	NCT00236626	Apr 2000 → May 2002	obesity disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00231608	Dec 1998 → Jan 2002	obesity disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00236847	Dec 1989 → Jul 1993	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 2	NCT00236873	Oct 1989 → May 1993	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 2	NCT00236860	May 1989 → Feb 1992	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 2	NCT00236691	Jul 1988 → Dec 1990	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00236730	Jun 1988 → Dec 1990	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary

Phase 2/38 trials · 1 missed
Phase 2/3	NCT03176953	Nov 2017 → Oct 2022	mental disorder	VA Office of Research and Development	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT01811940	Jul 2013 → Jun 2017	cocaine dependence	New York State Psychiatric Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT01182766	Nov 2011 → Oct 2017	alcohol dependence, nicotine dependence	University of Virginia	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT01145677	Jun 2010 → Mar 2011	alcohol dependence	Chiang Mai University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00884884	Sep 2007 → Oct 2015	alcohol dependence	National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 2/3	NCT00131443	Feb 2004 → Aug 2006	migraine with brainstem aura	Monarch Medical Research	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00210808	Sep 2003 → Mar 2005	binge eating disorder, obesity disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT00204386	Sep 2002 → May 2007	post-traumatic stress disorder	University of Oklahoma	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 357 trials · 10 met primary · 5 missed
Phase 3	NCT05209984	Apr 2026 → Mar 2028	obesity disorder	Eurofarma Laboratorios S.A.	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 3	NCT06347497	Apr 2024 → Apr 2026	migraine disorder	Kafrelsheikh University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT03479086	Jun 2017 → Nov 2020	alcohol dependence	South West Sydney Local Health District	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02273804	Jun 2016 → Dec 2017	—	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02374567	Jan 2015 → Jun 2017	anxiety disorder, dementia, depressive disorder, schizophrenia +1	Hannover Medical School	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02201251	Oct 2014 → Apr 2020	epilepsy	Janssen Research & Development, LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02810483	Dec 2012 → Nov 2015	Prader-Willi syndrome	Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00571246	Jun 2012 → Jun 2016	alcohol dependence, post-traumatic stress disorder	Yale University	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01191086	Oct 2010 → May 2014	epilepsy	Upsher-Smith Laboratories	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01142193	May 2010 → Dec 2012	epilepsy	Upsher-Smith Laboratories	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00796367	Dec 2008 → Jun 2010	obesity disorder	VIVUS LLC	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00553787	Nov 2007 → Jun 2009	obesity disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus	VIVUS LLC	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00448825	Mar 2007 → Jun 2013	alcohol dependence, cocaine dependence	Bankole Johnson	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00463775	Mar 2007 → May 2009	alcohol dependence, borderline personality disorder	Elizabeth Ralevski	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 3	NCT00245583	Oct 2005 → May 2009	pathological gambling	Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai	Terminated	Missed primary Stop: Enrollment
Phase 3	NCT00249691	Oct 2005 → Oct 2011	cocaine dependence	Bankole Johnson	Unknown	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00210535	Jun 2005 → Nov 2006	migraine disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00113815	May 2005 → Jun 2007	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 3	NCT00243984	Mar 2005 → Nov 2007	metabolic syndrome X, type 2 diabetes mellitus	Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine	Suspended	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00206336	Oct 2004 → Dec 2008	Tourette syndrome	Baylor College of Medicine	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00210860	Sep 2004 → Mar 2006	migraine disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00210782	Jun 2004 → Aug 2007	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 3	NCT00210873	Feb 2004 → Aug 2005	migraine disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00210821	Feb 2004 → Nov 2005	migraine disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00216606	Dec 2003 → Jul 2005	migraine disorder	Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Belgium	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00216619	Nov 2003 → Aug 2006	migraine disorder	Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Belgium	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00307619	Nov 2003 → Apr 2005	binge eating disorder	Janssen-Cilag Farmaceutica Ltda.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00210912	Sep 2003 → Apr 2005	migraine disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00187928	Jan 2003 → Mar 2006	obsessive-compulsive disorder	University of Florida	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00035802	Jan → Apr 2002	bipolar I disorder, psychotic disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00237289	Oct 2001 → Oct 2003	bipolar disorder	Ortho-McNeil Neurologics, Inc.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236496	Oct 2001 → Feb 2004	essential tremor	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00237302	Jul 2001 → Sep 2003	migraine disorder	Ortho-McNeil Neurologics, Inc.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00035230	Jul 2001 → Nov 2002	bipolar disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00231634	May 2001 → Nov 2002	obesity disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00231621	May 2001 → Jun 2002	hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236561	Apr 2001 → Dec 2002	migraine with aura, migraine without aura	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00236665	Mar 2001 → Jun 2002	essential hypertension, obesity disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00231595	Mar 2001 → Nov 2002	migraine with aura, migraine without aura	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236509	Feb 2001 → Sep 2002	migraine with aura, migraine without aura	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00231530	Jan 2001 → May 2002	obesity disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00037674	Jan 2001 → May 2003	bipolar disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00240721	Oct 2000 → Sep 2002	bipolar disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00231660	Oct 2000 → Jun 2002	obesity disorder, type 2 diabetes mellitus	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00253175	Oct 2000 → Dec 2001	migraine disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 3	NCT00236600	Aug 2000 → Jun 2002	obesity disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236639	Jul 2000 → Jun 2002	obesity disorder	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00231556	Jul 1999 → Sep 2003	epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236886	May 1998 → Jun 2000	focal epilepsy, generalized epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236717	Sep 1997 → Nov 2000	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00230698	Nov 1995 → Aug 2002	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 3	NCT00236418	Dec 1994 → Dec 1996	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236743	Jun 1994 → Oct 2000	focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236704	Mar 1994 → Dec 1999	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00004776	Nov 1993 → ?	Lennox-Gastaut syndrome	National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00236756	Aug 1993 → Feb 2001	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT00266591	Oct 1992 → Apr 1997	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded

Phase 451 trials · 4 met primary · 4 missed
Phase 4	NCT07832084	Nov 2026 → Apr 2027 expected	obesity disorder	Jing Luo	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07027969	Nov 2026 → Dec 2029 expected	atrial fibrillation, obesity disorder	Ali Aminian	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07213466	Jan 2026 → Feb 2028 expected	bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, obesity disorder, schizoaffective disorder	Mayo Clinic	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06499116	Oct 2024 → Dec 2026 expected	migraine disorder	Jordi Gol Institute for Primary Care Research	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05975580	Aug 2023 → Jul 2027 expected	obesity disorder	University of California, Irvine	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05663749	Sep 2022 → Jul 2023	metabolic syndrome X, schizophrenia	All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05582837	Aug 2022 → Dec 2027 expected	Meniere disease	University of California, Irvine	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03689114	May 2021 → Jun 2024	focal epilepsy	Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04759196	Mar 2021 → Sep 2024	epilepsy	University of Sherbrooke	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04404439	Sep 2019 → Dec 2023	tinnitus	University of California, Irvine	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03922945	May 2019 → Apr 2021	—	VIVUS LLC	Completed	Met primary
Phase 4	NCT03603080	Mar 2019 → Sep 2022	obesity disorder	Hartford Hospital	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 4	NCT03307863	Nov 2017 → Nov 2027	—	University of Sao Paulo	Suspended	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03018704	Aug 2017 → Dec 2021	alcohol-related disorders	VA Office of Research and Development	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 4	NCT02229214	Aug → Nov 2014	obesity disorder	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04453306	May 2014 → Dec 2021	obesity disorder, polycystic ovary syndrome	Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01889602	Jul 2013 → Aug 2016	cognitive disorder	University of Minnesota	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01834404	Apr 2013 → Mar 2014	obesity disorder	Mayo Clinic	Completed	Mixed
Phase 4	NCT01749215	Feb 2013 → Jul 2019	alcohol dependence, post-traumatic stress disorder	University of California, San Francisco	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01750268	Nov 2012 → Oct 2015	alcohol-related disorders, traumatic brain injury	University of California, San Francisco	Completed	Met primary
Phase 4	NCT01700387	Oct 2012 → Aug 2014	migraine disorder	Cady, Roger, M.D.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02429596	May 2012 → May 2015	epilepsy	IRCCS National Neurological Institute "C. Mondino" Foundation	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01135602	Jul 2010 → Mar 2012	alcohol dependence	Chiang Mai University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01087736	Apr 2010 → Sep 2012	alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, post-traumatic stress disorder	University of California, San Francisco	Completed	Met primary
Phase 4	NCT01627860	Feb 2010 → Jan 2011	epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Taiwan Ltd	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 4	NCT00988481	Sep 2009 → Aug 2010	bulimia nervosa	Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 4	NCT02424318	Dec 2008 → Dec 2009	migraine disorder	SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00862095	Jun 2008 → Apr 2013	headache disorder	Madigan Army Medical Center	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 4	NCT01689649	May 2008 → Jan 2010	epilepsy	Janssen Research & Development, LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00550394	Apr 2008 → Jun 2010	alcohol abuse, bipolar disorder	University of Cincinnati	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01000402	Feb 2008 → Oct 2012	attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder	Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00572117	Aug 2007 → Jul 2014	alcohol dependence, bipolar disorder	Stanford University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00855738	May 2007 → Jun 2009	focal epilepsy	Viatris Inc.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00725920	Jan 2007 → Nov 2009	post-traumatic stress disorder	Federal University of São Paulo	Completed	Met primary
Phase 4	NCT00432549	Jan → Feb 2007	—	The New England Center for Headache, P.C.	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00394095	Dec 2006 → Aug 2009	bipolar disorder	University of Cincinnati	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01060111	Jul 2006 → Jul 2008	migraine disorder	Janssen Korea, Ltd., Korea	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 4	NCT00286988	Mar 2006 → May 2007	—	Monarch Medical Research	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00266604	Dec 2005 → Jun 2007	epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, focal epilepsy	Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00212810	Sep 2005 → Aug 2007	migraine with aura, migraine without aura	Ortho-McNeil Neurologics, Inc.	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 4	NCT00210496	Jun 2005 → Jun 2007	migraine with aura, migraine without aura	Janssen-Ortho LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00153699	Sep 2004 → Jul 2007	acute closed-angle glaucoma	Chinese University of Hong Kong	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00203190	Sep 2004 → Jun 2006	cluster headache syndrome	Thomas Jefferson University	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00211744	Aug 2004 → Aug 2006	obsessive-compulsive disorder	Montefiore Medical Center	Completed	Mixed
Phase 4	NCT00182455	Mar 2004 → Dec 2018	social phobia	McMaster University	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 4	NCT00216567	Dec 2002 → Feb 2006	self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes	Janssen Korea, Ltd., Korea	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00182520	Jan 2002 → Jan 2019	obsessive-compulsive disorder	McMaster University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00208130	Oct 2001 → Mar 2004	post-traumatic stress disorder	Creighton University	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 4	NCT00200941	Aug 2001 → Apr 2005	restless legs syndrome	Neurocare	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00203463	Jul 2001 → Sep 2004	post-traumatic stress disorder	Tuscaloosa Research & Education Advancement Corporation	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02040311	Aug 2000 → Jun 2002	obesity disorder	University of Copenhagen	Terminated	No outcome recorded

Phase not applicable12 trials
—	NCT04154813	Feb 2020 → Nov 2021	—	Shanghai Mental Health Center	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05236166	Apr 2017 → May 2021	epilepsy	University Magna Graecia	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02808533	May 2016 → Aug 2026 overdue	schizophrenia	Centre for Addiction and Mental Health	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01408641	Sep 2012 → Jul 2013	alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, post-traumatic stress disorder	University of Maryland, Baltimore	Terminated	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01384279	May → Dec 2011	obesity disorder	Beitou Armed Forces Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00794313	Sep 2009 → Jun 2010	Parkinson disease	Oregon Health and Science University	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Business
—	NCT00732108	Nov 2008 → Aug 2011	migraine disorder	University of California, San Francisco	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
—	NCT00396734	Apr 2007 → Apr 2011	substance-related disorder	Hadassah Medical Organization	Suspended	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00768677	Jul 2003 → ?	bulimia nervosa	The Zucker Hillside Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00065923	Jul 2002 → Dec 2005	Prader-Willi syndrome, stereotypic movement disorder	Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00004807	Jan 1995 → ?	Rett syndrome	Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00241995	—	—	St. Petersburg State Pavlov Medical University	Completed	No outcome recorded

Comparator or background therapy60 trials
Phase 0	NCT00606411 Comparator	Jan 2008 → Nov 2018	sleep-wake disorder	Massachusetts General Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT02707965 Comparator	Jun 2017 → Aug 2018	epilepsy	Food and Drug Administration (FDA)	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT02645370 Comparator	Feb 2016 → Jul 2017	migraine disorder	Xijing Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 1	NCT00905164 Comparator	Jun 2002	—	Teva Pharmaceuticals USA	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2	NCT01765218 Comparator	Feb 2013 → Jan 2022	brain hypoxia - ischemia	Kristin R Hoffman	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 1/2	NCT01641445 Comparator	Jul 2012 → May 2016	alcohol-related disorders	Brown University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT04298203 Comparator	Aug 2021 → May 2026	obesity disorder	University of Minnesota	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT03280342 Comparator	Oct 2017 → Aug 2018	migraine disorder	University of Minnesota	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT01789047 Comparator	Mar 2013 → Jul 2016	Parkinson disease, drug-induced dyskinesia	Rush University Medical Center	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00862563 Comparator	May 2009 → Aug 2013	alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence	Boston Medical Center	Terminated	Met primary Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2	NCT00421603 Comparator	Feb 2007 → May 2010	cocaine dependence	New York State Psychiatric Institute	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2	NCT00345371 Comparator	Apr 2006 → Aug 2008	methamphetamine dependence	National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3	NCT05958160 Comparator	Jul 2023 → Sep 2024	neurodevelopmental disorder with infantile epileptic spasms	Lady Hardinge Medical College	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT06243692 Comparator	Feb 2024 → Feb 2025	migraine disorder	Kafrelsheikh University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT05748483 Comparator	Oct 2023 → Apr 2025	migraine disorder	AbbVie	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT06248931 Comparator	May 2022 → Jun 2024	migraine disorder	Kafrelsheikh University	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT02635386 Comparator	Mar 2016 → Jul 2020	obesity disorder, polycystic ovary syndrome	Woman's	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT01713946 Background	Apr 2013 → Oct 2017	tuberous sclerosis	Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Completed	Met primary
Phase 3	NCT01581281 Comparator	Jun 2012 → Apr 2015	migraine disorder	Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00772031 Comparator	Oct 2008 → Sep 2010	migraine disorder	Anne Lindblad	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00563368 Comparator	Dec 2007 → Sep 2008	obesity disorder	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00563459 Comparator	Nov 2007 → Apr 2010	epilepsy	SK Life Science, Inc.	Terminated	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00554216 Comparator	Nov 2007 → May 2009	obesity disorder	VIVUS LLC	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00755716 Comparator	Apr 2006 → Dec 2008	nicotine dependence	UConn Health	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00206323 Comparator	Sep 2004 → Dec 2008	Tourette syndrome	Baylor College of Medicine	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 3	NCT00280839 Comparator	—	—	Lindner Center of HOPE	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07655440 Comparator	Jul 2026 → Jul 2031 expected	migraine disorder, tinnitus, vestibular disorder	Stanford University	Not yet recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT07058155 Comparator	Dec 2025 → Feb 2029 expected	cirrhosis of liver, morbid obesity, portal hypertension	The Cleveland Clinic	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06972056 Comparator	Jul 2025 → Mar 2029 expected	migraine disorder	Mayo Clinic	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06799169 Comparator	Jun 2025 → Dec 2026 expected	tinnitus	University of California, Irvine	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT06089356 Comparator	Jan 2023 → Jan 2024	migraine disorder	Tanta University	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT05759845 Comparator	Aug 2022 → Feb 2023	migraine disorder	Dr. Reaz Mahmud	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04408586 Comparator	Jun 2020 → Jun 2022	obesity disorder	Mayo Clinic	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT03828539 Comparator	Feb 2019 → Jul 2020	migraine disorder	Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Completed	Met primary
Phase 4	NCT02945839 Comparator	Dec 2016 → Dec 2019	migraine disorder	NYU Langone Health	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02670161 Comparator	May 2016 → Dec 2026 expected	Parkinson disease, brain neoplasm, cognitive impairment with or without cerebellar ataxia, epilepsy +6	Endeavor Health	Enrolling by invitation	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02205931 Comparator	Jan 2015 → Jun 2018	epilepsy	University College, London	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02191579 Comparator	Aug 2014 → May 2017	migraine disorder	Allergan	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT02639598 Comparator	Jun 2012 → Dec 2014	migraine disorder	Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT01229735 Comparator	Nov 2010 → May 2015	epilepsy	UCB Pharma	Completed	Missed primary
Phase 4	NCT00846495 Comparator	Aug 2009 → Jan 2011	migraine disorder	Clinvest	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00626925 Comparator	Feb 2008 → Nov 2013	alcohol-related disorders	UConn Health	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00552526 Comparator	Nov 2007 → Jan 2011	epilepsy	Oslo University Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00393978 Comparator	Nov 2006 → Dec 2011	bipolar disorder, cannabis dependence	University of Cincinnati	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT04523935 Comparator	Dec 2005 → Aug 2020	cerebral palsy	Sathbhavana Brain Clinic	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00154076 Comparator	Sep 2005 → Aug 2008	epilepsy	Eisai Co., Ltd.	Completed	No outcome recorded
Phase 4	NCT00329407 Comparator	Sep 2003 → Jun 2008	alcohol dependence	Boston University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT07707544 Comparator	Jun → Dec 2026 expected	pseudotumor cerebri	Sohag University	Active not recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT06322407 Background	Jun 2024 → Dec 2025 overdue	migraine disorder	Beijing Tiantan Hospital	Recruiting	No outcome recorded
—	NCT05516251 Comparator	Oct 2021 → Apr 2023	migraine disorder	Tongji Hospital	Unknown	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03636958 Background	Feb 2021 → Jul 2025	epilepsy	Assistance Publique Hopitaux De Marseille	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03767062 Comparator	Mar 2019	migraine disorder	Ataturk University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03712917 Comparator	Mar 2019	migraine disorder	Ataturk University	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT03461874 Background	Mar 2018 → Jul 2020	migraine without aura	Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT02643719 Comparator	Dec 2015 → Oct 2017	migraine disorder	NYU Langone Health	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
—	NCT02169830 Comparator	Aug 2014 → Oct 2019	migraine disorder	St. Louis University	Terminated	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
—	NCT02300051 Background	Feb 2011 → Apr 2015	sexual disorder	University of Sao Paulo General Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01096420 Comparator	Aug 2008 → Aug 2010	—	Kuang Tien General Hospital	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT01161017 Comparator	Jul 2008 → May 2014	migraine disorder	Rambam Health Care Campus	Completed	No outcome recorded
—	NCT00777218 Comparator	Aug 2007 → Dec 2010	migraine disorder	University of South Alabama	Withdrawn	No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment

News releases announcing trial results or a regulatory action · 23

Date	Issuer	Release
2025-06-18	AbbVie	Results AbbVie Announces New Data Demonstrating Atogepant (QULIPTA® / AQUIPTA®) Achieves Superiority Across All Endpoints in Phase 3 Head-to-Head Study Compared to Topiramate for Migraine Prevention abbvie.com ↗ The study met the primary endpoint of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events (AEs), demonstrating that atogepant, a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist, had fewer discontinuations due to AEs than topiramate, an anticonvulsant medication also approved for migraine prevention.
2025-03-10	VIVUS LLC	Regulatory VIVUS Launches QSYMIA in the United Arab Emirates vivus.com ↗ announced the market approval of QSYMIA® (phentermine and topiramate extended-release capsules) CIV in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for treatment of overweight and obesity in adults and pediatric patients, age 12 and older.
2024-10-28	VIVUS LLC	Regulatory VIVUS Shares Significant Regulatory Update on QSYMIA vivus.com ↗ VIVUS announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has removed the requirement for a cardiovascular outcome trial for its weight - management medication QSYMIA (phentermine and topiramate extended release capsules) CIV.
2024-10-23	VIVUS LLC	Regulatory VIVUS Announces Labeling Update vivus.com ↗ VIVUS LLC, a biopharmaceutical company committed to the development and commercialization of innovative therapies that focus on advancing treatments for patients with serious unmet medical needs, today announced the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a labeling update for QSYMIA® (phentermine and topiramate extended-release capsules CIV).
2024-07-17	Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. India	Regulatory Glenmark Pharmaceuticals receives ANDA approval for Topiramate Capsules USP, 15 mg and 25 mg glenmarkpharma.com ↗ Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Glenmark) has received final approval by the United States Food & Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) for Topiramate Capsules USP, 15 mg and 25 mg.
2023-11-28	VIVUS LLC	Results New Clinical Data Demonstrate that QSYMIA, the Leading Once-Daily Oral Weight Management Medication, Reduces Blood Pressure vivus.com ↗ VIVUS LLC, a biopharmaceutical company committed to the development and commercialization of innovative therapies that focus on advancing treatments for patients with serious unmet medical needs, today announced positive topline data from a post-marketing study to evaluate the effect of QSYMIA® (phentermine and topiramate extended-release capsules CIV) on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) (#NCT05215418).
2023-05-17	VIVUS LLC	Results VIVUS QSIVA in Combination with a Digital Lifestyle Intervention Leads to Significant Weight Loss and Decreased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Obesity vivus.com ↗ VIVUS BV, the European affiliate of VIVUS LLC (“VIVUS”), a biopharmaceutical company, today announced the results of a clinical study (NCT04408586) demonstrating that QSIVA (phentermine and topiramate modified-release) hard capsules in combination with a DLI resulted in significantly greater weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with obesity compared with the DLI alone.
2022-07-20	VIVUS LLC	Regulatory FDA Approves QSYMIA for the Treatment of Obesity in Adolescents Ages 12 to 17 vivus.com ↗ FDA Approves QSYMIA® for the Treatment of Obesity in Adolescents Ages 12-17
2021-11-08	Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Results Novartis announces new publication in Cephalalgia of data showcasing superior tolerability and efficacy of Aimovig® (erenumab) compared with topiramate in migraine prevention novartis.com ↗
2021-11-08	Amgen	Results First And Only Randomized, Double-blind, Head-to-head Study Comparing Aimovig® (erenumab-aooe), An Anti-CGRP Pathway Therapy, To Topiramate Published In Cephalalgia amgen.com ↗ In this head-to-head Phase IV study, patients in the Aimovig arm demonstrated a significantly lower discontinuation rate due to adverse events versus patients in the topiramate arm (10.6% versus 38.9%).
2020-11-02	Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Results Novartis announces positive results from a Phase IV study showing superior tolerability and efficacy of Aimovig® (erenumab) compared with topiramate in migraine prevention novartis.com ↗ The results of HER-MES showed that Aimovig had a superior tolerability and efficacy profile than topiramate, with less discontinuation over the course of the 24-week treatment phase.
2019-12-18	VIVUS LLC	Results VIVUS Announces New Data Supporting the Safety and Efficacy of Qsymia in Adolescents with Obesity vivus.com ↗ Data published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism demonstrate that Qsymia provides statistically significant weight loss compared with placebo over an 8 week period, provide basis for ongoing 56 week phase 4 study in obese adolescents
2019-11-20	VIVUS LLC	Results New Clinical Data Demonstrate VIVUS Qsymia is Effective at Reducing Binge Eating in Patients with Binge Eating Disorder or Bulimia Nervosa vivus.com ↗ New Clinical Data Demonstrate VIVUS’ Qsymia® is Effective at Reducing Binge Eating in Patients with Binge-Eating Disorder or Bulimia Nervosa
2019-10-07	VIVUS LLC	Regulatory VIVUS Announces Acceptance of Qsymia Decentralized Marketing Authorization Application in Europe vivus.com ↗
2019-08-20	VIVUS LLC	Results New Pilot Clinical Study Results Demonstrate that Addition of VIVUS Qsymia to Gastric Sleeve Surgery Significantly Improves Weight Loss Compared with Surgery Alone vivus.com ↗ Study results show that patients taking it lost significantly more weight before surgery and had improved outcomes with respect to weight loss and BMI than those not on AOM.
2019-08-05	VIVUS LLC	Regulatory VIVUS Announces Approval of Qsymia in the Republic of Korea vivus.com ↗ VIVUS, Inc. (Nasdaq:VVUS) (the “Company”), a biopharmaceutical company, announced today that its Korean marketing partner, Alvogen, has obtained marketing approval for Qsymia (phentermine and topiramate extended-release) from the South Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS).
2019-01-14	VIVUS LLC	Results Data Supporting the Cardiovascular Safety of VIVUS Qsymia Published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism vivus.com ↗ The new findings indicate that the combined risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was not elevated in patients currently taking Qsymia, or concurrently taking both phentermine and topiramate, compared with former users of these medications.
2018-08-27	VIVUS LLC	Results VIVUS Reports Data Supporting the Cardiovascular Safety of Qsymia vivus.com ↗ Results show that the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) trended lower in patients taking Qsymia compared with similar patients who were not taking Qsymia.
2017-03-30	Upsher-Smith Laboratories	Regulatory FDA Approves Expanded Indication for Qudexy XR (topiramate) Extended-Release Capsules upsher-smith.com ↗ Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc. (Upsher-Smith) today announced that it has received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) final approval of two supplemental new drug applications (sNDAs) for Qudexy® XR (topiramate) Extended-Release Capsules for use as prophylaxis of migraine headache in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older.
2013-07-26	Ligand Pharmaceuticals	Regulatory Ligand Receives Orphan Designation for Captisol-EnabledTM Topiramate Injection ligand.com ↗ Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (NASDAQ: LGND) announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted orphan-drug designation for its proprietary Captisol-enabled™ Topiramate Injection for the treatment of partial onset or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in hospitalized epilepsy patients who are unable to take oral topiramate.
2009-03-28	Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc.	Regulatory Sun Pharma announces USFDA approval to market generic Topamax® tablets sunpharma.com ↗ Sun Pharma announces USFDA approval to market generic Topamax ® tablets
2009-03-27	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	Regulatory Teva Announces Approval and Launch of Generic Topamax® Tablets tevapharm.com ↗
2006-03-06	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	Regulatory Teva Announces Tentative Approval of Topiramate Tablets, 50 Mg tevapharm.com ↗ Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (Nasdaq: TEVA) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted tentative approval for the Company's Topiramate Tablets, 50 mg.

All press releases naming this drug 29 releases

Date	Issuer	Release
2026-02-04	Lupin Limited	Lupin Launches Topiramate Extended-Release Capsules in the United States lupin.com ↗
2025-06-18	AbbVie	AbbVie Announces New Data Demonstrating Atogepant (QULIPTA® / AQUIPTA®) Achieves Superiority Across All Endpoints in Phase 3 Head-to-Head Study Compared to Topiramate for Migraine Prevention abbvie.com ↗
2025-03-10	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS Launches QSYMIA in the United Arab Emirates vivus.com ↗
2024-10-28	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS Shares Significant Regulatory Update on QSYMIA vivus.com ↗
2024-10-23	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS Announces Labeling Update vivus.com ↗
2024-07-17	Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. India	Glenmark Pharmaceuticals receives ANDA approval for Topiramate Capsules USP, 15 mg and 25 mg glenmarkpharma.com ↗
2024-02-05	Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	Supernus Wins Infringement and Validity Case on Trokendi XR® against Torrent supernus.com ↗
2023-11-28	VIVUS LLC	New Clinical Data Demonstrate that QSYMIA, the Leading Once-Daily Oral Weight Management Medication, Reduces Blood Pressure vivus.com ↗
2023-05-17	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS QSIVA in Combination with a Digital Lifestyle Intervention Leads to Significant Weight Loss and Decreased Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Obesity vivus.com ↗
2022-07-20	VIVUS LLC	FDA Approves QSYMIA for the Treatment of Obesity in Adolescents Ages 12 to 17 vivus.com ↗
2021-11-08	Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Novartis announces new publication in Cephalalgia of data showcasing superior tolerability and efficacy of Aimovig® (erenumab) compared with topiramate in migraine prevention novartis.com ↗
2021-11-08	Amgen	First And Only Randomized, Double-blind, Head-to-head Study Comparing Aimovig® (erenumab-aooe), An Anti-CGRP Pathway Therapy, To Topiramate Published In Cephalalgia amgen.com ↗
2020-11-02	Novartis Pharmaceuticals	Novartis announces positive results from a Phase IV study showing superior tolerability and efficacy of Aimovig® (erenumab) compared with topiramate in migraine prevention novartis.com ↗
2019-12-18	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS Announces New Data Supporting the Safety and Efficacy of Qsymia in Adolescents with Obesity vivus.com ↗
2019-11-20	VIVUS LLC	New Clinical Data Demonstrate VIVUS Qsymia is Effective at Reducing Binge Eating in Patients with Binge Eating Disorder or Bulimia Nervosa vivus.com ↗
2019-10-07	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS Announces Acceptance of Qsymia Decentralized Marketing Authorization Application in Europe vivus.com ↗
2019-08-20	VIVUS LLC	New Pilot Clinical Study Results Demonstrate that Addition of VIVUS Qsymia to Gastric Sleeve Surgery Significantly Improves Weight Loss Compared with Surgery Alone vivus.com ↗
2019-08-05	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS Announces Approval of Qsymia in the Republic of Korea vivus.com ↗
2019-01-14	VIVUS LLC	Data Supporting the Cardiovascular Safety of VIVUS Qsymia Published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism vivus.com ↗
2018-08-27	VIVUS LLC	VIVUS Reports Data Supporting the Cardiovascular Safety of Qsymia vivus.com ↗
2017-08-21	Upsher-Smith Laboratories	Upsher-Smith Launches Newly Designed Website for Qudexy XR (topiramate) Extended-Release Capsules upsher-smith.com ↗
2017-03-30	Upsher-Smith Laboratories	FDA Approves Expanded Indication for Qudexy XR (topiramate) Extended-Release Capsules upsher-smith.com ↗
2017-03-07	Zydus Lifesciences Limited	Zydus announces settlement with Supernus on Trokendi XR (topiramate) extended-release capsules zyduslife.com ↗
2017-01-13	Zydus Lifesciences Limited	Zydus announces settlement with Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc. on Qudexy XR (topiramate) extended-release capsules zyduslife.com ↗
2013-08-14	Ligand Pharmaceuticals	Ligand Enters Global License Agreement with CURx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for Captisol-EnabledTM Topiramate Injection ligand.com ↗
2013-07-26	Ligand Pharmaceuticals	Ligand Receives Orphan Designation for Captisol-EnabledTM Topiramate Injection ligand.com ↗
2009-03-28	Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc.	Sun Pharma announces USFDA approval to market generic Topamax® tablets sunpharma.com ↗
2009-03-27	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	Teva Announces Approval and Launch of Generic Topamax® Tablets tevapharm.com ↗
2006-03-06	Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, Inc.	Teva Announces Tentative Approval of Topiramate Tablets, 50 Mg tevapharm.com ↗

Evidence & citations 24 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 292 sources stand behind the page.

Field	Value	Cited text
Known as	topiramate	“Drugs from ACT groups N03A, N05BA, N05CD, H02A or S01EC will be used including prednisolon,levetiracetam, valproate, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, topiramate, felbamate,...” NCT00552526 ↗ 272 “Results from a previously conducted global phase III study (PREVAIL; NCT01142193) demonstrate the safety and efficacy of once-daily USL255, Qudexy™ XR (topiramate)...” PMID 25461205 ↗ Oct 2014 “Phentermine 3.75 mg and topiramate 23 mg daily for the 1st week; Phentermine 7.5 mg and topiramate 46 mg daily for the 2nd week; Phentermine 11.25 mg and topiramate 69 mg daily...” NCT00806260 ↗ “OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term safety, efficacy, and quality of life (QOL) of ≤400-mg/day USL255, Qudexy® XR (topiramate) extended-release capsules,...” PMID 27084978 ↗ Apr 2016 “Antiepileptic drugs allowed are therefore: lamotrigine, levetiracetam, lacosamide, sodium valproate, carbamazepine, oxcarbabazepine, slicarbazepine, pregabalin, gabapentin,...” NCT03636958 ↗ “The primary objective is to compare the effect of treatment with an immediate-release topiramate (IR-TPM), namely Topamax®, to an extended-release topiramate (XR-TPM), namely...” NCT03280342 ↗ “Pharmacological prophylaxis will be prescribed based on patients' profile (e.g. previous failures or contraindications), and limited to Topiramate, Propanolol, Amytriptiline or...” NCT03461874 ↗ “List of allowed antiepileptic drugs were: valporic acid, carbamazepine, clobazam, N-desmethylclobazam, topiramate,TRI477, TRI476, clonazepam, zonisamide, phenobarbital, phenytoin” NCT01713946 ↗ “The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of topiramate (TPM) in obese patients with respect to weight loss and pain after total joint replacement surgery” NCT04613024 ↗ “The study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antiglutamate anticonvulsants (topiramate, lamotrigine, and memantine) in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome” NCT00241995 ↗ “This study will test the use of phentermine and topiramate compared with placebo in helping adolescents who are at high risk for developing obesity to lose weight” NCT05834062 ↗ Show 262 more sources
Known as	2,3:4,5-Bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)-beta-D-fructopyranose sulfamate	“Topiramate is an anticonvulsant (antiepilepsy) drug. IUPAC ID: 2,3:4,5-Bis-O-(1-methylethylidene)-beta-D-fructopyranose sulfamate” NCT05975580 ↗
Known as	Epitomax	“An alternative therapeutic approach for behavioral disturbances has been suggested by some authors with topiramate (Epitomax®), an antiepileptic drug that can be used as a mood...” NCT02810483 ↗
Known as	IR-TPM	“The primary objective is to compare the effect of treatment with an immediate-release topiramate (IR-TPM), namely Topamax®, to an extended-release topiramate (XR-TPM), namely...” NCT03280342 ↗
Known as	JNS019	“Topiramate (JNS019) 50 mg” NCT01081795 ↗
Known as	Qudexy XR	“Results from a previously conducted global phase III study (PREVAIL; NCT01142193) demonstrate the safety and efficacy of once-daily USL255, Qudexy™ XR (topiramate)...” PMID 25461205 ↗ Oct 2014 1 “OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term safety, efficacy, and quality of life (QOL) of ≤400-mg/day USL255, Qudexy® XR (topiramate) extended-release capsules,...” PMID 27084978 ↗ Apr 2016
Known as	RWJ-17021	“Multiple Oral Daily Topiramate (RWJ-17021) Dosing” NCT00986128 ↗
Known as	RWJ-17021-000	“An Open-Label, Randomized, 2-Way Crossover Study of the Bioavailability of an Oral Liquid Formulation Relative to the Marketed Sprinkle Capsule Formulation of Topiramate...” NCT00701493 ↗ 1 “Topiramate (RWJ 17021-000) Clinical Trial In Children With Partial Onset Seizures” NCT00236743 ↗
Known as	TOP	“Topiramate (TOP) blocks glutamate receptors and facilitates GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) neurotransmission” PMID 24057996 ↗ Sep 2013
Known as	Topamax	“The primary objective is to compare the effect of treatment with an immediate-release topiramate (IR-TPM), namely Topamax®, to an extended-release topiramate (XR-TPM), namely...” NCT03280342 ↗ 20 “The Compulsive, Impulsive and Anxiety Disorders Program at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine is conducting a study of Topiramate (Topamax) added to an SSRI for the management...” NCT00211744 ↗ “Baclofen(Liofen®),Diazepam,(Valium®),Clonazepam,(Klonopin®),Trihexyphenidyl(Artane®),Tetrabenazine(Xenazine®),Gabapentin(Neurontin®),Topiramate(Topamax®),Lamotrigine(Lamictal®),...” NCT04523935 ↗ “The objective of this study was to compare the rate and extent of absorption of topiramate 25 mg tablets (test) versus Topamax® (reference) administered as 2 x 25 mg tablets...” NCT00905606 ↗ “The objective of this study was to compare the rate and extent of absorption of topiramate 25 mg tablets (test) versus Topamax® (reference) administered as 2 x 25 mg tablets...” NCT00905567 ↗ “Randomized, 2-Way Crossover, Bioequivalence Study of Topiramate 25 mg Capsules and Topamax® 25 mg Capsules Administered as 2 x 25 mg Capsules in Healthy Subjects Under Fed Conditions” NCT00904943 ↗ “Single-Dose Fasting Bioequivalence Study of Topiramate Sprinkle Capsules (25 mg; Mylan) and Topamax® Sprinkle Capsules (25 mg; Ortho-McNeil Neurologics) in Healthy Volunteers” NCT00649740 ↗ “Single-Dose Fed Bioequivalence Study of Topiramate Sprinkle Capsules (25 mg; Mylan) and Topamax® Sprinkle Capsules (25 mg; Ortho-McNeil Neurologics) in Healthy Volunteers” NCT00648934 ↗ “Topiramate (marketed under the brand name Topamax) is approved by the U.S. FDA for the prevention of migraine headaches in adults.” NCT00393978 ↗ “Single Center TOPAMAX� (Topiramate) Monotherapy Trial in Subjects With Refractory Partial Onset Seizures” NCT00266591 ↗ “TOPAMAX® (topiramate) is initiated as monotherapy and titrated to an individualized optimal dose.” NCT00266604 ↗ Show 10 more sources
Known as	TPM	“The safety and efficacy of treatment with phentermine (PHEN)/topiramate (TPM) extended release (ER) plus lifestyle modification for weight loss and glycemic benefits were...” PMID 25249652 ↗ Sep 2014 16 “A total of 131 adults and children (mean age, 27 years; range, 3-59 years) with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) of nonfocal origin resistant to other antiepileptic...” PMID 10768306 ↗ 2000 “PURPOSE: We wished to evaluate adjunctive therapy for partial-onset seizures with topiramate (TPM) for efficacy and safety in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized,...” PMID 8764816 ↗ Aug 1996 “Several large, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials have found topiramate (TPM) to be effective and generally well tolerated as a preventive therapy for migraine.” PMID 16990078 ↗ Jul 2006 “The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of topiramate (TPM) in obese patients with respect to weight loss and pain after total joint replacement surgery” NCT04613024 ↗ “Topiramate (TPM, an antiepileptic drug) is, with increasing frequency, being prescribed for a range of conditions including migraine prophylaxis, obesity and pain.” NCT01889602 ↗ “In a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial, we compared topiramate (TPM) with placebo as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.” PMID 8641230 ↗ Jun 1996 “To evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive topiramate (TPM) for the treatment of cannabis use disorder in adolescents with bipolar I disorder.” PMID 39697396 ↗ Sep 2024 “OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety and efficacy of topiramate (TPM) for maintaining weight following a low-calorie diet.” PMID 15536230 ↗ Oct 2004 “To evaluate topiramate (TPM) and phenytoin (PHT) monotherapy following rapid oral initiation in new-onset epilepsy.” PMID 20633037 ↗ Oct 2010 “Topiramate (TPM) has shown efficacy in migraine prophylaxis in two large placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trials.” PMID 15316798 ↗ Aug 2004 Show 6 more sources
Known as	TPMT	“Topiramate (TPMT), an antiepileptic, affects glutamate and GABA-A receptors and shows promise in reducing heavy drinking.” NCT00884884 ↗
Known as	Trokendi XR	“The primary objective is to compare the effect of treatment with an immediate-release topiramate (IR-TPM), namely Topamax®, to an extended-release topiramate (XR-TPM), namely...” NCT03280342 ↗
Known as	Tuotai Pian	“Topiramate 25Mg Tab (Tuotai Pian, Xian Janssen Pharmaceutical Ltd.) are prescribed to participates by one neurologist.” NCT05516251 ↗
Known as	USL255	“Results from a previously conducted global phase III study (PREVAIL; NCT01142193) demonstrate the safety and efficacy of once-daily USL255, Qudexy™ XR (topiramate)...” PMID 25461205 ↗ Oct 2014 1 NCT01191086 ↗
Known as	XR-TPM	“The primary objective is to compare the effect of treatment with an immediate-release topiramate (IR-TPM), namely Topamax®, to an extended-release topiramate (XR-TPM), namely...” NCT03280342 ↗
Action	Inhibit	“Topiramate inhibits glutamatergic conduction.” PMID 20816027 ↗ Aug 2010
Modality	Small molecule	“Topiramate (a sulfamate-substituted fructo-pyranose derivative)” NCT00223639 ↗
Route	Oral	“oral topiramate” NCT00004776 ↗
Target	GRINA	“GRINA, PRKACA, PRKCI, SNAP23, and TRAK2, which are involved in glutamate receptor and GABA receptor signaling, are direct targets for TPM.” PMID 25495887 ↗ Dec 2014
Target	PRKACA	“GRINA, PRKACA, PRKCI, SNAP23, and TRAK2, which are involved in glutamate receptor and GABA receptor signaling, are direct targets for TPM.” PMID 25495887 ↗ Dec 2014
Target	PRKCI	“GRINA, PRKACA, PRKCI, SNAP23, and TRAK2, which are involved in glutamate receptor and GABA receptor signaling, are direct targets for TPM.” PMID 25495887 ↗ Dec 2014
Target	SNAP23	“GRINA, PRKACA, PRKCI, SNAP23, and TRAK2, which are involved in glutamate receptor and GABA receptor signaling, are direct targets for TPM.” PMID 25495887 ↗ Dec 2014
Target	TRAK2	“GRINA, PRKACA, PRKCI, SNAP23, and TRAK2, which are involved in glutamate receptor and GABA receptor signaling, are direct targets for TPM.” PMID 25495887 ↗ Dec 2014